Xiushan folk song

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Xiushan folk song

Applicant: Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing

Project No.: 583

Project No.: Ⅱ - 84

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Chongqing

Type: new item

Applicant: Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing

Protection unit: cultural center of Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County

Introduction to Xiushan folk songs:

Applicant: Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing

Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is located at the junction of Chongqing, Hunan, Guizhou and Hubei provinces (cities) on the southeast edge of Sichuan Basin. It is "far away from Sichuan" and has always been a "hundred Li barren land" since ancient times. Xiushan folk songs have been spread in this area for a long time, and its source can be traced back to the ancient Bayu songs and dances, with a very long history. Xiushan folk songs directly gave birth to Xiushan lantern song and dance music in the process of development. According to a preliminary survey, there are thousands of Xiushan folk songs. Xiushan lantern songs alone have more than 1000 songs in 24 major.

Xiushan folk songs can be divided into four categories: labor songs, folk songs, custom songs and Life songs, with the folk song Huangyang Biandan as the outstanding representative. Labor songs include the song of weeding, boatman's song, stoneworker's song, farming song, such as "Shangtian Hao", "boating tune", etc.; folk songs include duel song, Pange, love song, etc.; folk songs are divided into filial song and marriage song, such as "yellow flower grass", which reflects the youth's dissatisfaction with the feudal arranged marriage; life and politics songs include some works reflecting real life, such as accusing the old society of arresting soldiers And so on.

Xiushan folk songs belong to monophonic folk songs. Most of them have regular rhythms. Most of them are Zheng mode, followed by Yu mode, Shang mode, Gong mode, and a small amount of angular mode. Generally, instruments are not used for Solo or duel singing, but when performing with drums and gongs, the singers need to sing duel or rotate with the accompaniment of drums and gongs. The accompaniment of Lantern songs is more complex, mainly using drum, bamboo flute, suona, big tube and other musical instruments. The big tube is made of bamboo tube covered with snake skin and bamboo pole material. The lining words and the lining cavity in Xiushan folk songs are very characteristic. The common lining words, such as "Lao Li Hou", "Nu Di Jiao", "Xiao Qing Ge", "Ge ya, Harry Ya", are humorous and local. In addition, Xiushan folk songs also like to use flowers as background words. The length of lining cavity is long and short, and the application method is flexible. In the long process of spreading, Xiushan folk songs have cultivated many excellent singers. A piece of "Huangyang Biandan" once made Xiushan folk songs sing all over the country, winning a wide reputation. This ancient art form contains many factors of Hunan and Guizhou regional culture, which has important reference value in the research of local history and folk art development history. At present, Xiushan folk songs have no successors and are on the verge of extinction. It has become a top priority for relevant departments to actively carry out rescue and protection work.