Guqin art

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guqin art

Applicant: China Academy of Arts

Project No.: 65

Project No.: Ⅱ - 34

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Zhongzhi unit

Type: new item

Applicant: China Academy of Arts

Protected by: China Academy of Arts

Introduction to Guqin art:

Applicant: China Academy of Arts

Guqin is also known as "Qin" and "Qixian Qin", also known as "Lvqi" and "Sitong". It is mainly reflected as a solo art form of flat stringed instruments, and also includes the ensemble of Qin song, Qin and Xiao with both singing and playing. It is said that Guqin was founded in the period of Fuxi and Shennong in prehistoric legend. According to the archaeological data, guqin, as a musical instrument, had developed completely in the late Han Dynasty, and its performing art and style had been continuously improved through the creation of daiqin people and scholars. Guqin performance is the oldest, the highest level of art in Chinese history, the most national spirit, aesthetic taste and traditional artistic characteristics of instrumental music form.

Compared with other traditional Chinese solo instrumental music, such as Zheng, pipa, flute, Xiao, Guan and huqin, guqin has a long history. It also has outstanding humanity and incomparable richness in related literature, repertoire accumulation, performance skills, music, temperament, inheritance methods, guqin technology, social life, history, philosophy, literature and other fields.

Qin, chess, calligraphy and painting are the concrete manifestation of the overall quality of Chinese literati since ancient times. Qin ranks first among the four arts because it has greatly promoted and influenced the realm of Chinese painting and calligraphy and other arts.

The title of Qin music, the tone structure with the cavity, the rhythm of non-uniform, the tone quality of the inclination of the remote concentrated reflects the basic characteristics of the Chinese music system, constitutes the core of the Han national music aesthetic. In a large number of Qin music, it reflects people's various feelings in the natural, social and historical changes. Common repertoire are "plum blossom three lane", "running water", "Xiaoxiang water cloud", "Yangguan three fold", "memories of old friends" and so on. As an innovative activity in the inheritance of Guqin music, playing score fully reflects the experience and wisdom of Qin players in dealing with the relationship between oral transmission and "finding sound according to the score", between genre tradition and Qin players' personality, and between the whole music and technical details. Inheriting the traditional spirit of Confucianism and the Taoist realm of advocating nature contained in Guqin art will bring a lot of new enlightenment for people living in a modern environment to adjust their relationship with nature and society, constantly recognize and experience the profundity and rationality of the philosophy of "harmony between man and nature".

The drastic changes of modern society, especially the political and economic changes, have brought a great impact on Guqin and the traditional Chinese literati's ideal of self-cultivation. In a long period of history, guqin was regarded as the representative of "old culture" and was ignored. The introduction of the western professional music education system has changed the Guqin's function of improving people's cultural quality and self entertainment and self realization, and promoted it to change rapidly in the direction of specialization and professionalization, thus forming a new trend of artistic and performing development, which has changed the Guqin's tradition of reading and playing music according to the way of teaching music from generation to generation since ancient times The natural ecological space of Guqin. The original realm of guqin, which integrates poetry, calligraphy, ritual and music, is narrowed, and it can only be limited in the category of stage skills. As an important way of humanistic cultivation, guqin was originally an art of intellectual life, but the result of professionalization and specialization threatened the original natural ecology of Guqin. More importantly, it led to the lack of some profound connotations of Chinese humanistic spirit to a certain extent. This problem must be paid close attention to by the society.