Tibetan medicine (external treatment of Tibetan medicine)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan Medicine

Applicant: Tibetan Medical College of Tibet Autonomous Region

Project No.: 448

Project No.: IX - 9

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional medicine

Region: Tibet Autonomous Region

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Tibetan Medical College of Tibet Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Tibet University of Tibetan Medicine

Introduction to Tibetan medicine (external treatment of Tibetan medicine)

Applicant: Tibetan Medical College of Tibet Autonomous Region

Tibetan medicine is an important part of Chinese traditional medicine and an important representative of Chinese national medicine.

Tibetan medicine has a long history. It is the medical experience accumulated by Tibetan people in the special environment of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Its classic work "four medical classics" was written in the Tubo Dynasty in the second half of the 8th century. It was written by the famous Tibetan medicine expert Yutuo Gongbu on New Year's day. The combination of Tibetan medicine and Tibetan astronomy and calendar is a huge and complex medical system. Tibetan medicine is based on the theory of "water, fire, earth, wind and air" and the theory of "dragon, Chiba and Bacon". It takes the plants, animals, minerals and some "Southern medicine" of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the basic medicine, and adopts the practice mode of adapting to the plateau environment and nomadic life, It has a unique curative effect on common diseases, frequently occurring diseases and endemic diseases in high altitude hypoxia environment, and its health culture has been paid more and more attention by the medical community.

Due to the vast territory of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, high mountains and steep waters, the ethnic and regional characteristics of Tibetan medicine culture are obvious, and the diagnosis, medical technology and medicine of Tibetan medicine are often different in different regions and schools. In recent decades, with the construction of Tibetan medicine and the extensive development of academic exchanges, the inheritance and promotion of Tibetan medicine have made remarkable achievements.

External treatment of Tibetan medicine refers to the treatment of physical diseases with instruments or external drugs. The external treatment methods of Tibetan medicine include bloodletting, massage, rubbing, fire moxibustion and moxibustion, cupping, application (hot compress and cold compress), herbal fumigation, puncture, medicated bath and so on. According to the different means, it can be divided into three kinds: warm, strong and strong. The mild treatment includes three kinds of application, medicated bath and smearing; the strong treatment includes bloodletting, moxibustion and puncture; the severe external treatment includes four kinds of excision, cutting, enucleation and extraction.

There are several representative therapies in the external treatment of Tibetan medicine: Tibetan medicine "bloodletting therapy" is a traditional treatment method to achieve the purpose of treatment by vein incision and blood conduction in vitro; "fire Moxibustion" is a treatment method to use the heat of fire and drug effect to calm the lung disease and cold disease in the diseased part, so as to eradicate cold disease and part of heat disease, mainly to regulate qi and activate blood; Tibetan medicine "golden Moxibustion" "Acupuncture therapy" is a kind of treatment method that uses sharp instruments such as needles and knives made of metal to pierce certain acupoints and parts of the human body to eliminate fluid, pus, swelling, foreign bodies and pathogenic factors in the body.

Under the impact of modern culture, many proven prescriptions and clinical experience of Tibetan medicine have been lost or on the verge of being lost, and the external treatment of Tibetan medicine is no exception. Many of the experience of old Tibetan medicine is completely taught by mouth and heart, and the inheritance chain is very fragile. It is urgent to systematically sort out and excavate this ancient medicine tradition.