Construction techniques of Jingdezhen traditional porcelain kiln workshop

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jingdezhen traditional porcelain kiln workshop construction skills

Applicant: Jiangxi Province

Item No.: 379

Project No.: VIII - 29

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Jiangxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jiangxi Province

Protection unit: Jingdezhen handmade porcelain technology research and Protection Center

Brief introduction to the building techniques of Jingdezhen traditional porcelain kiln workshop:

Applicant: Jiangxi Province

Jingdezhen is the earliest porcelain city, and its porcelain architecture and construction skills are unique. The "kiln house" building of Jingdezhen traditional porcelain workshop is a rare site evidence of Chinese handicraft industry, which has unique and rich historical value, scientific value and tourism value.

Since the late Ming Dynasty, the scope and scale of Jingdezhen city has been basically stable, and the dense porcelain buildings in the old city area of 2 square kilometers have become the main body of urban architecture. There are many green houses and kiln houses, and there are many pottery houses, which constitute a great landscape of Jingdezhen. Jingdezhen porcelain building skills thus developed, after the Ming and Qing Dynasties to mature, reached its peak.

The unique shape, structure, material and function of kiln body, kiln house and billet house make the kiln house a unique art. For example, since Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, "Zhenyao" has been the most popular kiln in Jingdezhen. Egg shaped Zhenyao belongs to Pingyan kiln, which combines the advantages of Longyao, Mantou kiln and Hulu kiln and becomes the most outstanding kiln type in ancient times. In Jingdezhen, brick kilns and mending kilns are called "twin kilns", which are not found in other porcelain areas in China. Green house is an important place for production, and it has the function of living and compact layout. Jingdezhen traditional kiln house is spacious and ventilated, economical and practical, and has the triple functions of warehouse, production workshop and living room. It puts forward a high architectural standard for the builders, which requires superb workmanship and unique style. As a result, Jingdezhen's urban landscape is created, and the construction skills of Jingdezhen's ceramic buildings are achieved.

In the past 30 years, most of the traditional kilns and workshops in Jingdezhen have been demolished in the process of industrialization and urbanization, and many old builders have also died. According to statistics, there are only 23 traditional kiln houses and workshops in Jingdezhen at present. There are only three killers living in Jingdezhen, including Hu Jiarong from the ancient kiln and porcelain factory. There are only more than a dozen craftsmen building traditional kiln houses and workshops. The building skills of Jingdezhen porcelain buildings are on the verge of extinction, and rescue and protection are imminent.