Ceramic art of Shiwan

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Shiwan pottery art

Applicant: Foshan City, Guangdong Province

Project No.: 353

Project No.: VIII - 3

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Guangdong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Foshan City, Guangdong Province

Protection unit: Foshan Chancheng District Museum (Foshan Chancheng District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center)

Brief introduction of Shiwan pottery and plastic art:

Applicant: Foshan City, Guangdong Province

Shiwan is located in the central area of Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. Shiwan Ceramics are mainly distributed in the streets and surrounding areas of Shiwan Town, Chancheng District. The abundant natural resources, the geographical location of mountains and rivers, and the traffic conditions of land and water make Shiwan an important ceramic base in Lingnan.

Shiwan ceramic art has the characteristics of humanity, locality and nationality, and has a unique artistic style in creation. According to the physical form, Shiwan doll pottery can be divided into five categories: figure pottery, animal pottery, vessel pottery, micro pottery and tile ridge pottery. Represented by character modeling, the "Shiwan Doll" pottery art has both shape and spirit. It absorbs all kinds of cultural and artistic essence, combines high realism with moderate exaggeration, and has both the taste of life and artistic taste, forming a distinct local style. Its production process includes six links: conception creation, clay refining, forming, decoration, glazing and Longyao calcination. The calcination temperature depends on the master's experience. There are three kinds of fire in the upper, middle and lower parts of the dragon kiln, which are used to move different parts of the firing items. Skilled craftsmen can grasp them.

Shiwan pottery art is developed on the basis of daily-use pottery, and its artistic rudiment can be seen from the pottery unearthed from the Eastern Han Dynasty tomb in Shiwan. The development of Shiwan ceramic art can be roughly divided into four periods: the period from Tang Dynasty to Ming Dynasty is the period of formation and development, the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties is the period of peak, the period of the Republic of China is the period of low ebb, and the period of full innovation after the founding of the people's Republic of China, especially after the reform and opening up. Among the famous contemporary ceramic sculptors in Shiwan, Liu Jia, Chuang Jia, Liu zemian and Liao xiongbiao are the representatives.

With the development of Shiwan ceramic art, there is no successor. The limited market space and realistic living environment make it difficult for young people to regard this art as a lifelong career. In this situation, a large number of foreign elements have been injected into Shiwan ceramic art, which makes it difficult to preserve the traditional art and is in urgent need of protection.