Pan embroidery of Tu Nationality

Name of Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Pan embroidery of Tu Nationality

Applicant: Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province

Project No.: 323

Project No.: Ⅶ - 24

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region:

Type: new item

Applicant: Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province

Protection unit: Huzhu Tu Autonomous County Cultural Center

Introduction to pan embroidery of Tu Nationality

Applicant: Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province

Huzhu Tu Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Qinghai Province, which is located in the southern foot of Qilian Mountain. It is a transitional zone between the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The unique embroidery art of Tu nationality, pan embroidery, came into being in this area.

The pan embroidery art of Tu nationality is mainly spread in Donggou, Dongshan, wu50, Songduo, Danma and other towns of Huzhu County, Qinghai Province. In the tomb of Tuyuhun, the ancestor of Tu nationality, unearthed in Dulan County, Qinghai Province, there are similar embroidery products. It can be seen that the technology of plate embroidery has appeared around the 4th century. The materials for Pan embroidery are exquisite and the processing is fine. The black pure cotton cloth is used as the base material, and then the fabric is pasted. Pan embroidery is a kind of silk thread embroidery, which has seven colors of red, yellow, green, blue, scarlet, purple and white. When embroidering, it has all seven colors, and the color matching is coordinated, which is dazzling. The stitch method of Pan embroidery is very unique. When operating the needle, two threads of the same color are matched, one for Pan thread and the other for sewing thread. The embroiderer holds the cloth in his left hand and the needle in his right hand. The thread that makes the coil thread is hung on his right chest, and the thread that makes the suture is put on the eye of the needle. The upper needle plate, the lower needle sewing, one needle two lines, although labor and material costs, but the finished product thick gorgeous, durable. The design of Pan embroidery is ingenious and has a strong national style, including dozens of styles, such as Falun, Taiji, five petaled plum, immortal kuizi, cloud pattern, diamond, queer head, rich and noble head, figure, Buddha and so on. For more than a thousand years, pan embroidery has been handed down from mother to daughter, and also passed on among sisters, sister-in-law, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. The main modern inheritors are ma Baoqing, Niu Masuo, etc.

Pan embroidery of Tu nationality, with a history of thousands of years, has been handed down till now, and its cultural and artistic value can not be underestimated. The pan embroidery of Tu nationality is colorful with vivid patterns, which reflects the aesthetic attitude and value judgment of the nation in the aspects of shape, color, quality and meaning, and provides fresh materials for the study of Ethnology and aesthetics.

After 1949, especially in the last 20 years, although government departments at all levels and relevant personnel have done some excavation, rescue and protection work on the pan embroidery of Tu nationality, this ancient national skill still faces many problems that are difficult to solve. At present, most of the older generation of Pan embroidery experts are old, and many of them have died. Some unique skills have quietly disappeared without inheritance. Young women are keen on simple embroidery techniques, such as cutting embroidery, machine binding, etc. these conditions lead to the lack of successors in the art of Pan embroidery, which is on the verge of extinction. It is urgent to mobilize all forces to rescue and protect it.