Liuqin drama

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Liuqin Opera

Applicant: Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province

Item No.: 207

Project No.: Ⅳ - 63

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Shandong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province

Protection unit: Zaozhuang Liuqin opera protection and inheritance Center (Zaozhuang Art Theater)

Introduction to Liuqin Opera:

Applicant: Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province

Liuqin opera is commonly known as lahun opera, and also has the names of Lahu opera and lahou opera. It was officially named Liuqin opera in 1953. It was formed after the middle of Qing Dynasty and mainly distributed in the border areas of Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui and Henan provinces. There are two sources of Liuqin Opera: one is based on the folk ditty of Lunan and developed under the influence of local Liuzi opera; the other is spread from Haizhou, Jiangsu Province.

The traditional repertoire of Liuqin opera is very rich. There are 180 local operas and Zhezi operas, and 41 local operas. The representative repertoire includes Sipingshan, Bapanshan, huahuaji, yulanji, duanshuangpin, xiaoaoshan, Yanmenguan, bailuoshan, hemianye, xiaoshufang, etc. The main singing styles of Liuqin opera are zhengdiao and GongDiao. Zhengdiao is gentle and lingering, and GongDiao is bright and vigorous. In the singing of Liuqin opera, this technique of mode conversion of homonym is everywhere, which is very unique in the singing of Chinese opera. The singing tunes of Liuqin opera include qiban, Daoban, laqiang, sheqiang, Yeli Zanghua, Huilong tune, siliu Changqiang, men's and women's Lala tune, dieduanqiao tune, daiyapai tune, Qianjin xiaoyuandiao tune, etc. Liuyeqin, dizi, chuiqin, erhu, Banhu, suona, Sheng, bangu and gongs are the main accompaniment instruments of Liuqin opera.

The characters of Liuqin opera have their own special names. In xiaotou, ertou, erliaoliangzi, laoguai, Dasheng, Goujiao, maojiaozi, and lianbailian, xiaotou is guimendan, ertou is Qingyi, erliaoliangzi is Qingyi and Huadan, laodan is laodan, laoguai is Caidan, Dasheng is Laosheng, Goujiao is ugly, maojiaozi is Hualian, and lianbailian is Baimian. The performance of Liuqin opera is rough and simple, the rhythm is bright, the local flavor is strong, the actor's posture and footwork obviously have the characteristics of folk song and dance.

In the long-term development process, Liuqin opera has absorbed the advantages of various sister arts, and has a close relationship with the popular people's life, becoming a carrier of regional culture.