Shangluo flower drum

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Shangluo flower drum

Applicant: Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province

Project No.: 205

Project No.: Ⅳ - 61

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Shaanxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province

Protection unit: Shangluo Opera Company Limited

Shangluo flower drum

Applicant: Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province

Shangluo Huaguzi, commonly known as Huaguzi and di tiaozi, is popular in Shangluo area of Shaanxi Province. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Yunyang, Hubei Province, suffered from floods, and a large number of victims entered Shangluo area, which brought the popular Huagu opera in Yunyang. Later, Huagu opera gradually changed to Shangluo dialect, absorbed many Shangluo folk tunes, and finally formed Shangluo Huagu opera.

Because of its different popular regions and pronunciation, Shangluo flower drum gradually formed two schools: Shangdan road and zhenzha road. Shangdanlu Huagu is also known as Beilu Huagu, which is mainly composed of Guanzhong language family, mixed with local dialect, with smooth, beautiful, gentle and soft melody; zhenzhalu Huagu is also known as Nanlu Huagu, which is mainly composed of Northwest Hubei language family, mixed with local dialect, with high pitched and bright melody.

Shangluo Huagu is composed of three tunes: Huaguzi, bachazi and daguanzi. Huaguzi is mainly performed in the minor of folk songs, also known as minor opera, which mostly reflects the labor and love life of local people. The representative plays include "striking iron", "playing straw sandals", "brother picking up sister", "blind man touching his wife", "Jia Jinlian returning to Henan", etc.; bachazi is performed in the minor of bachazi, also known as bachaxi opera, which mostly reflects the erotic stories of Childe and young lady, and its tunes are divided into yangbacha and yinbacha Yang bacha is also called hard bacha or big bacha, Yin bacha is also called soft bacha or small bacha, and the representative plays are zuoxilou, songxiangcha, xiaodonglou, xiaoyalou, etc.; dacuanzi is accompanied by Tongzi huqin, also known as Tongzi opera, which belongs to the large and medium-sized drama in Huagu, and mostly shows the content of historical stories, folk stories and mythological stories, and the representative plays are Lanzi Qiao Danshui, Liu Hai playing the Golden Toad, the story of blood knife, Wanshou picture, Shanbo visiting friends, four elder sisters coming down to earth, Zhengde Wang visiting sages, etc. Shangluo Huagu mainly performs "three little plays", with Xiaosheng, Xiaodan and clown as its main roles. The performance is lively and full of folk color.

Shangluo flower drum traditional singing music structure form is single, has a long history, plays a "living fossil" role in the study of the development and evolution of opera music history. At present, due to the impact of market economy, Shangluo flower drum is in an endangered state, which is in urgent need of rescue and protection.