Heijing Town, Lufeng County, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Heijing Town

Heijing Town is located 92 kilometers northwest of Lufeng City, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, on the Bank of Longchuan River, 200 kilometers away from Kunming and 75 kilometers away from Chuxiong. Chengdu Kunming railway and Longchuan River run through the whole area.

The economy of Heijing Town is mainly tourism. There are 21 cultural relics protection units in the town. Heijing Town is a national 3A scenic spot.

According to the records of the black salt well, "Li azhao, a native, lived in the mountains where cattle were twice as fat, but later they lost their cattle. As a result, when he arrived at the well, the cattle licked the ground and produced salt." In memory of this black ox's achievements, it was called "black ox salt well" and later "black well".

Historical evolution

Heijing has a long history. As early as 3200 years ago, in the late Neolithic age, the ancestors of ethnic minorities lived and worked in this ancient land.

Based on a large number of bronze swords, spears, daggers and other weapons excavated from the tombs of the Warring States period in shilonghoushan and Qiju, and according to historical records, as early as the Warring States period, Heijing became an important area for people to fight and defend for its "benefit of bittern".

In the Han Dynasty, "salt officials" were set up in today's Anning and Yao'an to manage salt in Heijing.

In Tang Dynasty, Heijing belonged to the yandufu of Yaozhou, known as "Yanquan".

In the Yuan Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Dingyuan County, Weichu road. In the Ming Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Dingyuan County, Chuxiong Prefecture. In the Qing Dynasty, it was also known as "heiyanjing". Scholars were known as Yanxi. In the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were "tiju Si" administrative organs in charge of salt affairs.

In 1913, the four salt producing wells of Hei, Hou, Lang and a were merged to form Yanxing County, which governs three townships and four towns.

In 1958, Yanxing county was withdrawn and Guangtong county was merged. Then Guangtong county was merged into Lufeng County and renamed Heijing commune;

In 1961, it was renamed Heijing District, with jurisdiction over 10 small communes;

In 1966, it was renamed Heijing commune, with 11 brigades under its jurisdiction;

After the system reform in 1984, it was renamed Heijing District, with jurisdiction over one town and nine villages. In 1987, the district was withdrawn to restore Heijing Town.

administrative division

By the end of 2006, Heijing Town had 9 administrative villages, 96 natural villages and 127 villager groups, including Zhaoyuan village, Fulong village, Qinglong village, FaLong village, Dashu village, Yinma village, Songping village, Sanhe Village and Heijing village.

geographical environment

geographical position

Heijing Town is located at the foot of Yubi mountain in the northwest of Lufeng City, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is 101 ° 41 ′ - 101 ° 51 ′ east longitude and 25 ° 20 ′ - 25 ° 28 ′ north latitude. It is adjacent to neigaofeng Township in the East, tuoan Township in the South, Xinqiao Town and Anle Township in Mouding County in the west, and Huatong Township in Yuanmou County across the Qing River in the north.

terrain

The terrain of Heijing Town is narrow from east to west. The highest point is shiposhan, 2498m above sea level. The lowest point is yibihe estuary, 1323m above sea level.

climate

The three-dimensional climate of Heijing Town is obvious. The average temperature of the town government is 18.7 ℃, the altitude is 1 540 meters, the annual average rainfall is 857 mm, the annual minimum temperature is 9 ℃, the maximum monthly average temperature is 27.6 ℃, the annual frost free period is 325 days, the annual sunshine is 1848 hours, and the accumulated temperature is 7774.8 ℃.

hydrology

Heijing Town is located in the right bank tributary of Jinsha River and the valley area of the middle reaches of Longchuan River, which runs through the whole area from south to north. After passing Yuanmou, it flows into Jinsha River.

Population nationality

The permanent resident population of Heijing Town was 13589 (in 2017).

Economics

primary industry

The annual frost free period of Heijing Town is 325 days, and the annual sunshine hours are more than 2300 hours. It is suitable for planting rice, vegetables, fruits, early winter vegetables and other crops. Grain crops are mainly rice, Baogu, wheat and broad beans; cash crops include a small amount of flue-cured tobacco, sugarcane, sunflower and rapeseed; economic forest fruits include famous pomegranate, jujube, sweet apricot, persimmon, pear, peach and orange, among which pomegranate, jujube, sweet apricot and green vegetable pear are the most famous.

the secondary industry

Heijing has a modern Heijing salt factory with a daily output of 20 tons of table salt. In 1991, Heijing salt factory was determined as a non-point self production and self marketing unit. Since then, the salt produced by the factory can only be used for sales in Lufeng County, and can only maintain the basic living conditions.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2001, Heijing ancient town received 23800 tourists with a total ticket income of 119000 yuan; in 2004 (January August), Heijing ancient town received 53000 tourists with a total ticket income of 159000 yuan; in 2010 (January June), Heijing ancient town received 76000 tourists with a total ticket income of 650000 yuan, accounting for 7.17% of the total tourist population of Lufeng County.

traffic

Railway

There are two railway stations in Heijing Town, namely Heijing railway station and ananzhuang railway station, which are all fourth-class stations. Chengdu Kunming railway and Longchuan River run through the whole territory, and Chengdu Kunming railway is the main transportation hub.

highway

The road condition of Heijing Town is poor. There are two small streets parallel to the Longchuan River in Heijing Town. The two streets are separated by Wukong bridge, Wuma bridge, which is across the river. The first street is in Jiangzuo and the second street is in Jiangyou. The total length of the town road is 2.53 km (in 2008), and the road pavement rate is 65%. The 39km (2012) road from Guangtong to Heijing has many bends, steep slopes and narrow roads, so buses with more than 35 seats can not enter.

On July 20, 2011, the tourism highway and Bridge in Heijing Town were completed and opened to traffic.

In 2013, the 16 km highway from Heijing Town to Anle township was reconstructed according to the three-level pavement design. At the end of 2013, the 16.83km class IV asphalt concrete road from Heijing Town to Xinqiao Town of Mouding County (K11 + 500 ~ K28 + 330) was completed, which passes through Langjing Village (a famous historical and cultural village at the provincial level) of tuoan township.

Sociology

People's life

In 2006, the town issued 198800 yuan of low-income pension, 469 people were included in the scope of low-income pension, 23.5 tons of relief grain, 2383 people, and 111000 yuan of special care fund, a total of 2383 people from 760 households.

hygiene

As of 2006, there is a central health center in the town, covering an area of 3722 square meters, with a construction area of 5092 square meters and a business housing area of 2125 square meters. There are 34 employees in the hospital, including 28 professional and technical personnel, 6 service personnel, 3 intermediate professional titles and 25 first-time employees. The hospital is divided into four comprehensive departments: outpatient department, inpatient department, prevention and protection group, logistics and finance group, with a total of 30 inpatient beds. The outpatient department includes Western medicine outpatient department, traditional Chinese medicine outpatient department, gynecology outpatient department, stomatology outpatient department, radiology department, laboratory, electrocardiogram, B-ultrasound, etc. In 2006, there were 17850 outpatients, 689 inpatients and 70 surgeries, with a total annual income of 789800 yuan. In 2006, 12342 people participated in the rural cooperative medical system in the whole town, with the participation rate of 71.61%; a total of 22971 person times of medical expenses reduction and exemption were reviewed, and the amount of compensation was 484600 yuan.

education

In 2006, there was one junior middle school with 47 teaching staff and 675 students in the town; nine complete primary schools and two village primary schools with 129 teaching staff and 1585 students in primary schools, a total of 71 teaching classes, including 7 boarding schools and 375 boarding students. The enrollment rate of school-age children was 100% and the consolidation rate was 99.93%. The enrollment rate of junior high school was 97.39%, and the consolidation rate was 98.86%.

Cultural construction

In 2006, the town set up a cultural service center, five cultural service rooms, an amateur art troupe with more than 80 members, a group of Calligraphers Association with 22 members, a Dongjing music association, an amateur group of lantern, and a left foot Dance Association of Yi nationality with 42 members. He participated in the selection of "ten famous towns in Yunnan" and was rated as "ten famous towns in Yunnan" by the organizing committee. We organized two activities for the members of Chuxiong elderly painting and Calligraphy Association. In the opening ceremony of Chuxiong branch of Kunming International Tourism Festival in 2006 and the unveiling ceremony of China's famous historical and cultural town of Heijing, activities such as "folk worship ceremony", "masquerade Carnival", "scenic spot tour", "Dragon Girl tour selection", Longteng ancient town "and" bonfire Carnival "were held We also invited Chuxiong Gongle club and Zhouyi opera troupe to hold professional performances.

History and culture

Heijing Town is one of the three provincial historical and cultural towns in Yunnan. In ancient times, Heijing was one of the major salt producing areas in Yunnan. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, the salt tax of Heijing was a big tax payer in Yunnan Province. Heijing salt, which is popular all over the world, provides a deep material foundation for the development of Heijing. At that time, Heijing was not only economically developed, but also culturally prosperous. From the reign of Emperor Kangxi to the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, eight people entered Heijing. Although Heijing has become a small town under the jurisdiction of Lufeng County, there are ancient buildings in the town, such as Confucian temple, jiexiaozongfang, Zhutian temple, Feilai temple, wumaqiao, Heijing Wenbi tower, Baiyi Hanbi tower, etc.; there is a monument of Zhenjue temple in wanchunshan, six ancient tombs of wengzhong, several ancient streets paved with bluestone slabs, several antique zouma corner buildings, and a daily production of 20 tons of salt A modern salt factory.

Travel

Main attractions

Zhenxiaozongfang

At the end of the first street near Wuma bridge, there is a memorial archway, which is the famous "Zhenxiao archway". It was built in the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1901 AD). It is said that it was built by Empress Dowager Cixi. Not for one woman, but for dozens of women. It is a archway style red sandstone archway. It has four columns and three rooms. Inlaid on the forehead