Jinggangshan Nature Reserve, Jinggangshan City, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province

Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province

Jiangxi Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve is located in Jinggangshan City, central and southern Jiangxi Province, with a total area of 15873 hectares. The terrain in the area is closed and complex. There are more than 50 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. The mountains are towering and the gullies are crisscross. The main peak is Pingshui mountain with an altitude of 1779 meters. The vertical differentiation of climate, vegetation and soil is obvious. It is a forest ecological nature reserve, and the main protected objects are the middle subtropical humid evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem and its biodiversity. It was approved as a National Nature Reserve in April 2000.

Historical evolution

In March 1981, the provincial nature reserve was established with the approval of Jiangxi Provincial People's government. In 1982, Jinggangshan was listed as a national key scenic spot. in April 2000, it was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

geographical environment

position

Jinggangshan City in central and southern Jiangxi Province is a group of mountains extending northward from Nanling Mountains to the east of Luoxiao mountains on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi. The geographical coordinates are 114 ° 04 ′ 05 ″ - 114 ° 16 ′ 38 ″ E and 26 ° 38 ′ 39 ″ - 26 ° 40 ′ 03 ″ n.

climate

Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province has a subtropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 14-17 ℃, annual precipitation of 1865.5mm and frost free period of 250 days.

terrain

The middle section of Luoxiao mountains is the watershed of Ganjiang River and Xiangjiang River. The mountain in the area is steep, with an altitude of 280-1600 meters. The terrain is complex and the habitat is diverse. The terrain is high in the West and low in the East.

soil

The soil in Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province is yellow red soil, with soil layer of 50-100 cm, weak acid and good fertility.

Protection target

overview

The main protected objects of Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province are the middle subtropical humid evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem and its biodiversity. The origin of vegetation in the area is ancient, known as "tertiary forest", "natural animal and Botanical Garden" and "subtropical green pearl". The vegetation types are diverse, and the biological resources are very rich. As of 2014, there are 12 vegetation types, 92 vegetation formations, 3400 kinds of vascular plants, 406 kinds of vertebrates (excluding fish) and 3000 kinds of insects, including Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Bole tree, Ginkgo biloba and Abies zizizanioides, 36 kinds of national second-class protected wild plants and endemic plants in Jinggangshan There are 24 species of national first-class protected wild animals, including yellow bellied horned pheasant, white necked long tailed pheasant, golden pheasant, leopard, clouded leopard and South China tiger, and 36 species of national second-class protected wild animals. There is also the most complete natural evergreen broad-leaved forest in the same latitude of the world, which is an important base for the research of biological resources in China and even the world.

Botany

As of 2014, there are more than 3400 species of plants belonging to more than 800 genera and 280 families in the reserve. There are more than 190 species of rare and endangered plants in the reserve, and 40 species have been listed as national key protected plants. Among them, there are four national first-class key protected plants, namely Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Bole tree, Ginkgo biloba and Abies Abies. There are 36 species of national second level key protected plants, such as wild camellia, orchid, fragrant fruit tree, etc. up to 2014, 20 species (including varieties) of endemic plants in Jinggangshan have been officially published. They are: Acer purpurea, Actinidia Actinidia, Dryopteris japonica, Castanopsis carlesii, Dryopteris japonica, Euonymus japonicus, Dendrocalamus japonicus, Ilex latifolia, Ilex brevifolia, Pteris japonica, Rhododendron sinense, Rhododendron pekinensis, Rubus glandularis, Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Dendrocalamus latiflorus and jinggangshanensis Shanhoupixiang, Jinggangshan grape. the zonal vegetation of Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi province belongs to the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in the eastern humid and southern subtropical regions. The vertical distribution of vegetation is as follows: 250-1400m above sea level is evergreen broad-leaved forest, 1400-1600 m is mountain coniferous forest, 1300-1500 m is mountain top dwarf forest, 1600-1800 m is mountain top shrub.

animal

Up to 2014, there are more than 260 kinds of terrestrial vertebrates and 3000 kinds of insects in Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve. The first level of national protected animals includes South China tiger, clouded leopard, leopard, yellow bellied horned pheasant and white necked long tailed pheasant; the second level includes macaque, macaque, water deer, gazelle, hyena, golden cat, big Ling cat, little Ling cat, pangolin, Silver Pheasant, golden pheasant, mandarin duck, giant salamander, etc. Among the birds, Jinggangshan's specialties are grey breasted bamboo chicken, yellow bellied tit, green parrot billed Bulbul, thrush, etc.

Management organization

The management organization is Jiangxi Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve Administration. As of 2014, it has 10 departments (institutes) and 5 stations, which are: Office (co signed with the Party Committee Office), resource protection and management department, planning and construction department, community management department, operation and management department, military equipment department, family planning office, cluster department, wildlife protection institute and forest fire prevention command department The central office, Dajing protection station, Xingzhou protection station, xiaoxidong protection station, Luofu protection station and Xiangzhou protection station are all units at the level of science and technology.

Development and utilization

scenic spot

ecological value

Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province is located in the middle and upper reaches of Ganjiang River, with a large area of rainwater collection, which plays an important role in water conservation, soil erosion prevention and natural ecological balance maintenance. It not only plays an important role in the protection of industrial and agricultural production and people's life in the middle and lower reaches of Ganjiang River, but also plays a positive role in the normal operation of water conservancy projects in the middle and lower reaches of Ganjiang River, as well as the ecological balance and soil and water conservation in Ganjiang River Basin, especially in Poyang Lake and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. the flora of the reserve has an ancient origin. Paleontological data show that as early as the end of the Mesozoic Triassic, Jiangxi was dominated by gymnosperms, and ancient Cycas were found in Pingxiang coal mine. By the Cretaceous angiosperms developed. From the Cenozoic Paleocene after the neotectonic movement, Jiangxi paleoclimate became warm and humid due to heat. Some ancient angiosperms which are suitable for dry heat are declining gradually, and they are renewed by modern angiosperms which like damp heat. Although they have experienced the interference of many glacial and interglacial periods, they have not changed the general trend of water and heat distribution. Therefore, the descendants of these damp heat plants have been breeding up to now, which is of great significance to scientific research. Protecting and managing Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve is of great significance for maintaining ecological security and implementing sustainable development strategy. The Administration Bureau of the nature reserve fully realized the importance of doing a good job in the protection of natural resources and biodiversity in the nature reserve, always put the protection of natural resources and scientific and rational utilization in the first place of all work, adhered to the principle of "protection according to law, scientific management and rational utilization", strengthened leadership and actively took effective measures to ensure the safety and development of the resources and environment in the nature reserve Sustainable development of mountain economy.