Ebian Yi Autonomous County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province

Ebian Yi Autonomous County Ebian Yi Autonomous County belongs to Leshan City, Sichuan Province. It is located in the southwest Xiaoliang mountain area, adjacent to Mount Emei, the holy land of Buddhism. Shaping town is located between 103 ° 15 ′ e to 103 ° 33 ′ E and 29 ° 15 ′ n. It is 56 kilometers wide from east to west and 73 kilometers long from north to south, covering an area of 2382 square kilometers. Located in the transition zone between Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, it belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. Due to the great difference of terrain height, the temperature varies with altitude, and the vertical difference is obvious. The county governs 19 townships and 129 villages with a total population of 153000, including 56000 Yi people.

In 2016, Ebian Yi Autonomous County achieved a GDP of 3779.94 million yuan, an increase of 7.0% over 2015. In September 2016, Ebian Yi Autonomous County was included in the national key ecological function area. On December 29, 2018, it was named the Sixth Batch of national demonstration areas (units) for national unity and progress by the National People's commission.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic period, human beings worked and lived here.

In the sixth year of Han Jianyuan (135), Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty sent troops to the west to develop "Southwest Yi". The Han nationality began to move in and set up prefectures. Ebian area belongs to Nan'an County of Qianwei county. In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), Ebian belonged to Lingguan road of Yuexi County.

In the second year of Tang Linde (665), the imperial court "appeased" the officials and set up Luomu County in shaping to govern the city.

In Song Dynasty, it belonged to Emei county.

In Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to the virtual hate Department of Dali state.

During the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, a large number of Han people came to Sichuan and settled in pingyibao, puxiong township. Zhengde seven years (1512), the villagers attached to Emei, more puxiong Township name Guihua township.

In the 13th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1808), it was separated from Emei county and set up an Ebian Fuyi hall to govern Taiping fort.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), it was changed into Ebian County.

In 1935, it was the fifth administrative supervision district.

On December 19, 1949, the 10th and 16th armies of the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated some areas of Ebian, such as shaping, Maoping and Xinchang.

On August 15, 1950, the people's Government of Ebian County was established (on August 18, the county government moved from Dabao to shaping), which was subordinate to the Leshan District of southern Sichuan administrative department.

On December 13, 1955, it was subordinate to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and managed by Leshan special office.

On April 9, 1984, the State Council approved the abolition of Ebian County and the establishment of Ebian Yi Autonomous County, which is subordinate to Leshan Prefecture.

On February 18, 2020, after the study of the provincial people's government, Ebian Yi Autonomous County of Leshan City was approved to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county.

administrative division

As of January 2017, Ebian Yi Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 6 towns and 13 townships: shaping Town, Dabao Town, Maoping Town, Wudu town, Xinlin Town, Heizhugou Town, Honghua Township, Yiping Township, Yangcun Township, Baiyang Township, juemo Township, Wanping Township, Yanghe Township, Gonghe Township, Xinchang Township, egalitarian Township, haqu Township, Jinyan Township and Lewu township. The county government is located in shaping town.

geographical environment

Location context

Ebian Yi Autonomous County is located in the southwest of Leshan City, the south foot of Emei Mountain, the north foot of Daliang Mountain, and the junction of Leshan City and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. It is adjacent to Emeishan City in the north, Muchuan County in the East, Mabian Yi Autonomous County in the southeast, Meigu County in Liangshan Prefecture in the south, Ganluo County in Liangshan Prefecture in the west, and Jinkouhe District in the northwest. The geographical location is between 102 ° 54 ′ e to 103 ° 38 ′ E and 28 ° 39 ′ n to 29 ° 19 ′ n. It is 56 kilometers wide from east to west and 73 kilometers long from north to south. The county covers an area of 2395.05 square kilometers.

topographic features

Ebian Yi Autonomous County is located in the north of southwest mountain of Sichuan Province, on the southeast slope of Daxiangling mountain, on the Northeast foot of Xiaoliangshan mountain and Xiaoxiangling mountain, and on the east side of Hengduan Mountain. It is the transition zone between Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, belonging to the type of high mountain and low-lying valley. The crust is controlled by a series of North-South folds and large reverse faults. The mountains and rivers in the county are extended longitudinally from north to south. The mountains and valleys are alternated and arranged in parallel. The surrounding mountains are surrounded by mountains. The mountains are towering, the mountains are overlapping, and the gullies are vertical and horizontal. Influenced by the Dadu River, which runs across the county, the middle part of the country is cut deeply and the valley wall is steep, forming a narrow mountain valley. According to the different cutting degree, the landform of the whole county can be divided into three geomorphic units: high mountain, middle mountain and low mountain (mountain valley). The altitude of the territory is generally between 1000 and 4000 meters, and the ridge is about 3000 meters, with an average altitude of 1200 meters. The main peak of Ma'anshan in the southwest is the highest peak, with an altitude of 4288 meters. Dashaba in Wudu Township in the northeast is the lowest point with an altitude of only 469 meters. The relative elevation difference is great, reaching more than 3800 meters, forming a gradually sloping terrain with high in the West and low in the South and northeast. Because of the great difference in height, the topography, climate, vegetation, soil and agricultural use patterns all show obvious vertical distribution.

geology

Ebian Yi Autonomous County belongs to the northern part of the Kangdian axis on the western margin of the Yangtze paraplatform. The pre Sinian metamorphic rocks and the upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are widely exposed, mainly the low metamorphic sedimentary rocks. The volcanic rocks are mainly composed of light gray, flesh yellow and black granite. The metamorphic rocks are mainly low metamorphic calcareous phyllite, slate and limestone. In addition to numerous faults, the abundant mineral resources are also the prominent characteristics of geological structure in Ebian area.

climate

Ebian Yi Autonomous County has a subtropical humid monsoon climate. Due to the great difference of terrain height, the temperature varies with the altitude, and the vertical difference is obvious, forming a small cool mountain meteorological landscape of "one mountain is divided into four seasons, ten miles in different days; the top of the mountain is covered with snow hat, and the foot of the mountain is full of fresh flowers". It has the characteristics of mild climate, abundant rainfall, more clouds, high humidity, less light, long frost free period, four distinct seasons of agricultural climate, late spring, short summer, early autumn and long winter. The annual average temperature in the county is 16.6 ℃, the extreme high temperature is 35.7 ℃, and the extreme low temperature is - 3.2 ℃. It is the hottest in July with a monthly average of 25.3 ℃, and the coldest in January with a monthly average of 6.5 ℃. The annual variation is very small, with a difference of 1 ℃. The average total sunshine hours over the years is 1049.3 hours, with a daily average of nearly 6 hours. The actual sunshine hours account for 24% of the total sunshine hours in the whole year. Sunshine hours vary with altitude.

In 2016, the annual average temperature of Ebian Yi Autonomous County was 17.5 ℃, 0.2 ℃ lower than that of 2015, 0.8 ℃ higher than that of 16.7 ℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature was 37.9 ℃, 0.8 ℃ higher than that of 37.1 ℃, and the annual extreme minimum temperature was - 1.8 ℃, 1.6 ℃ higher than that of minus 3.4 ℃. The annual sunshine hours were 1108.7 hours, 194.8 hours more than that in 2015, and 91.1 hours more than the average annual sunshine hours of 1017.6 hours. The rainfall is 887.7mm, 113.4mm more than that in 2015, 83.8mm more than the average annual rainfall of 803.9mm, and the maximum daily rainfall is 44.4mm, 12.8mm more than that in 2015.

natural resources

Animal resources

Ebian Yi Autonomous County mainly includes giant panda, red panda, antelope, tiger, leopard, roe, deer, black bear, red monkey, otter, bison, wild boar, local pig, porcupine, fox, wild cat, bamboo rat (bamboo ox), hare, wolf, squirrel, etc. Wild birds mainly include pheasant, pheasant, thrush, jadeite, Shoudai bird, Pulsatilla, vulture, owl, cuckoo and more than 30 species, especially Sichuan partridge and red bellied pheasant. The main aquatic products are Tonghe (Dadu River) fish, Schizothorax (small scale), carp, silver carp, Qingbo, Sichuan Baijia, cuttlefish (wooden drill), shipanzi, hongweizi, cihuanggu, etc. Amphibians and reptiles are: Stone goose, giant salamander (salamander), snake, etc. Rare Chinese herbal medicines include Gastrodia elata, Eucommia ulmoides, Huanglian, Huangbai, etc.

Forestry resources

The area of various types of land in Ebian Yi Autonomous County is 240000 hectares, of which the forestry land area is 204000 hectares, accounting for 85% of the total area. The volume of living trees is 15.315 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 67%. （1） Forest trees: the primary species account for more than 90%, with 36 families, more than 100 species and varieties, including Davidia involucrata, Cinnamomum camphora, shuiqinggang, lianxiangshu, Taxus chinensis and Picea Youmai. （2） Bamboo: the area of bamboo forest is 1726400 mu (including 34900 mu of pure bamboo forest and 137740 mu of mixed bamboo forest).

mineral resources

There are six types of minerals found in Ebian Yi Autonomous County: combustible organic rocks, ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, precious metals, non-metallic and edible trace element supplements. The main minerals are: coal, iron, copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, sand, gold, hard refractory clay, flux limestone, pyrite, barite, phosphorite, illite, cement raw material limestone and potash feldspar There are 28 minerals including quartz, gypsum, asbestos, crystal, marble, granite, calcite, graphite, basalt, brick clay, drinking mineral water and medical hot spring.

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2016, the total number of households in Ebian Yi Autonomous County was 48135, with a registered residence population of 148781. There are 2283 births and 1089 deaths. The birth rate is 15.34 ‰, the death rate is 7.32 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 8.02 ‰. In the total population, there are 28512 non-agricultural (urban) population and 120269 agricultural (rural) population, 77519 male population and 71262 female population, with a population sex ratio of 108.2. At the end of the year, there were 135600 permanent residents,