Chaling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province

Chaling County, subordinate to Zhuzhou City, is located in the east of Hunan Province. Changsha in the north, Guangzhou in the south, Hengyang in the West and Jiangxi in the East, covering an area of 2500 square kilometers (2013). Located between 113 ° 20 ′ - 113 ° 65 ′ E and 26 ° 30 ′ - 27 ° 7 ′ n, it has a subtropical monsoon humid climate.

Chaling county is the only administrative county named after tea in Chinese history. It is named because it is located in the "shadow of tea mountain" and the ancestor of the Chinese nation, Emperor Yan, was "buried at the end of the tea town". Liu Zimai, the county magistrate of the Southern Song Dynasty, is also known as "the city of rhinoceros".

Chaling county is one of the six counties in Jinggangshan revolutionary base, the key county and model county in Hunan Jiangxi Revolutionary Base, and the first red political power created by Mao Zedong himself. By the end of 2019, 644 thousand and 500 registered residence households and 593 thousand and 600 permanent residents. In August 2018, the Hunan Provincial Government approved Chaling County's poverty alleviation. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Historical evolution

In the fifth year of emperor Gao of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), Chaling County was established.

The county was established in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, belonging to the state of Changsha.

In 589, it was incorporated into Xiangtan County.

Chaling County was established in the fourth year of Wude (621), abolished in the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), and restored in the first year of Shengli (698).

In the Five Dynasties, it was located in Chaling County, Changsha Prefecture, Chutan Prefecture.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was Chaling County in Hengzhou. In 1139, Shaoxing County was promoted to the army. In the fourth year of Jiading (1211), Kangle, Xiayang and Changping townships were set up as Ling County, belonging to Chaling army.

In Yuan Dynasty, it was Tianlin Road, Liling Prefecture, Youzhou and Xiangtan Prefecture, and Luling County, Hengzhou. In 1282, the county was promoted to a state.

The Ming Dynasty belonged to Changsha Prefecture. In 1372, the state was changed to a county, and in 1482, the county was upgraded to a state.

In 1913, the state was changed into a county, belonging to Xiangjiang Road.

Chaling County was the second administrative supervision area in 1937.

In 1994, Lingxian county was renamed Yanling County.

In 1995, Chaling County covered an area of 2500 square kilometers with a population of about 572000. It has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 16 townships: Chengguan Town, Yantang Town, Huju Town, Jieshou Town, Gaolong Town, Huanxi Town, Hukou Town, Yaopo Town, Lushui Town, Batuan Town, Qidi Town, Xiadong Town, Xiaotian Town, Majiang Town, Huotian Town, Pingshui Town, Jiangkou Town, Yaoshui Town, Zaoshi Town, Jijiang Town, Sicong Town, Taokeng Town, Zhitang Town, Luofang town and Xiangdong town. The county government is located in Chengguan town.

In 1996, Huotian township was removed from township to town, and Zaoshi Township and Pingshui Township were removed from township to town in October. In 1998, Majiang township was removed from township to town. So far, Chaling County has jurisdiction over 13 towns and 12 townships.

According to the fifth census in 2000, there are 493059 permanent residents in Chaling County, including 48141 in Chengguan Town, 24161 in Jieshou Town, 25003 in Yantang Town, 19754 in Hukou Town, 12362 in Huanxi Town, 24508 in Majiang Town, 13286 in Gaolong Town, 33754 in yaopi Town, 19942 in Lushui Town, 22127 in Huju Town, 23405 in Pingshui Town, 24482 in Zaoshi Town, 20148 in Huotian town and 3921 in Jiangkou Town There are 9486 in Taokeng Township, 40826 in Xiadong Township, 22638 in Lingfang Township, 25524 in Sicong Township, 24338 in Mijiang Township, 10816 in Yaoshui Township, 5282 in Batuan Township, 6124 in Xiangdong Township, 18724 in Zhitang Township, 3200 in Xiaotian Township and 11107 in Qidi township.

In 2001, Xiangdong township was abolished and merged into Gaolong town. So far, Chaling County has jurisdiction over 13 towns and 11 townships.

administrative division

In 2014, the administrative divisions of Chaling County were Yunyang street, Sicong street, Jijiang street, Xiadong street, Jieshou Town, Hukou Town, Huanxi Town, Majiang Town, Gaolong Town, Lushui Town, Huju Town, Pingshui Town, Zaoshi Town, Huotian Town, Yantang Town, Yaopo Town, Luofang Town, Batuan Town, Zhitang town and Taokeng town.

geographical environment

position

Chaling county is located in the border of Hunan and Jiangxi, the West foot of Luoxiao mountains. Located between 113 ° 20 ′ - 113 ° 65 ′ E and 26 ° 30 ′ - 27 ° 7 ′ n, it is subordinate to Zhuzhou City, with Changsha in the north, Guangzhou in the south, hengchen in the West and Jiangxi in the East, covering an area of 2500 square kilometers. QUANNAN expressway runs through the north and south of the county, and pingru expressway runs through the East and west of the county.

geology

The crust in the county is stable and there is no earthquake; there are 10 systems in the exposed strata in the county, from the Paleozoic Cambrian Tashan group to the Cenozoic Quaternary, with an exposed area of 2155.44 square kilometers, accounting for 86.22% of the area of Chaling County.

The main tectonic features in the area belong to the Neocathaysian and Cathaysian systems in eastern Hunan. The NNE and NE structures are obvious, and small folds and secondary faults are developed. The central depression area is a part of the chashui depression zone, from the northeast corner of the county to the southwest, lying obliquely in the middle of the county; the WANYANGSHAN fold fault zone in the southeast, belonging to the northwest section of Yanling Zixing uplift zone; the Wugongshan fold fault zone in the northwest, starting from Taiping mountain in the north, passing Luling mountain and Yunyang mountain, and reaching Chaling in the south.

landforms

The landform type of Chaling county is mainly mountainous, followed by hills, with hills and plains. The mountainous area is 1864900 mu, accounting for 49.73% of the total area of the county; the hilly area is 805400 mu, accounting for 21.48%; the hilly area is 485800 mu, accounting for 12.95%; the plain area is 497500 mu, accounting for 13.27%, and the water surface is 96400 mu, accounting for 2.57%. The geological condition of the whole county is that the surrounding mountains are mainly sand shale, metamorphic rock, granite and limestone, and the central and southwestern parts are mainly red rock and Quaternary loose deposits.

climate

Chaling county belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone. Due to the block of Wugong Mountain in the northwest, the influence of cold air intrusion from the north to the south is weakened. Chaling County has mild climate, abundant rainfall and short winter cold period. The annual average temperature is 17.9 ℃, the lowest in January, the highest in July, and the average is 29.2 ℃. 233 days pass through 10 ℃ stably, the active accumulated temperature is 5509 ℃, the average first frost day is December 3, the last frost day is February 10, and the frost free period is 294 days. The daily average temperature is at or below zero for three consecutive days.

hydrology

It belongs to Jishui basin of Xiangjiang River system, connecting 25 rivers and 1732 streams. Jieshou river flows into the Yongle River in Anren. Three streams belong to Ganjiang River system, which originate from Chashan, enter Sanwan River in Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, and join Heshui river. The total runoff of surface water in the county is 4.43 × 10m. The mainstream of the territory is the river, with a drainage area of 2495 square kilometers and a navigation mileage of 137 kilometers. The main tributaries of sheshui are chashui, Taoshui, Oujiang and Wenjiang.

natural resources

land resource

The land use of Chaling county is mainly woodland and cultivated land. In 2005, woodland and cultivated land were the largest land use types, accounting for 156446.40 HA and 38876.00 ha respectively, accounting for 62.40% and 15.51% of the total land area, accounting for 77.91% of the total land area in Chaling County.

mineral resources

Chaling is rich in mineral resources. According to 2010 statistics, tantalum and niobium reserves rank second in Asia. Iron ore reserves are nearly 100 million tons, coal mine reserves are 11 million tons, lead reserves are 8700 tons, tungsten reserves are 28000 tons, and there are more than 20 kinds of mineral resources, such as copper, tin, zinc, granite, etc.

Population nationality

By the end of 2019, 644 thousand and 500 people registered residence in Chaling County, of which 573 thousand and 500 were agricultural population. At the end of the year, there were 593600 permanent residents, with an urbanization rate of 49.81%. In terms of gender, there are 302700 male permanent residents and 290900 female permanent residents, with a sex ratio of 104:100 (male vs. female). There were 6284 people born in the whole year, with a birth rate of 9.67 ‰ and a natural growth rate of 4.45 ‰.

Economics

overview

In 2019, Chaling County's GDP will reach 21.53 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the same period of last year at comparable prices. Among them, the first industry was 3.46 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%; the second industry was 6.92 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0%; the third industry was 11.15 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%. The ratio of the three industrial structures is 16.1:32.1:51.8, which contributes 6.6%, 45.2% and 48.2% to GDP growth, respectively, driving GDP growth by 0.5, 3.3 and 3.6 percentage points.

In 2019, Chaling County will achieve a public budget revenue of 1.4 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%, and local revenue of 770 million yuan. Tax revenue was 1.2 billion yuan, an increase of 210.5%, accounting for 85.4% of the total fiscal revenue. Non tax revenue reached 200 million yuan, accounting for 14.6% of the total revenue. The county completed the public budget expenditure of 4.26 billion yuan, an increase of 0.1%. Among them, the expenditure on education, health care, social security, employment and agriculture, forestry and water were 850 million yuan, 440 million yuan, 610 million yuan and 900 million yuan respectively. The budget expenditure of government funds was 700 million yuan, an increase of 58.4%.

In 2019, the total investment in fixed assets of Chaling County will increase by 14.6%. The investment in industrial fixed assets increased by 9.0%, of which the investment in industrial technological transformation increased by 34.1%.

In 2019,