Zhou Fuxian

Zhou Fuxian

Zhou Fuxian was a famous scholar, filial son, hermit and poet in Chaoyang of Ming Dynasty. He has made great achievements in Neo Confucianism and poetry.

brief introduction

Scholar, dutiful son, hermit and poet. During the reign of Zhengde and Jiajing, it was more popular to teach Baisha's theory or to teach Baisha's disciples. At that time, Baisha's theory was quite popular in Chaozhou. After Xue Zhongli brought Yangming theory into Chaozhou, Wang's Chaozhou school came into being. The two schools communicated with each other and became the two camps of Neo Confucianism in Chaozhou and even the whole country at that time. Zhou Fuxian of Chaoyang was the elder brother of Zhan Ganquan, a disciple of Baisha. He became a famous Neo Confucianism scholar in Chaozhou at that time. Zhou not only had a lot of experience in Neo Confucianism, but also made great achievements in poetry. He was praised at that time because he was a dutiful son, and also a real hermit who despised fame and only sought self adaptation. Fuxian word Ke Road, No. Xishan, Chaoyang Taoxi people. He was the grandson of Zhou Dunyi, the great scholar of Song Dynasty, and the empress of Zhou meisuo, the governor of Chaozhou. Provincial and county annals are all handed down. Now his main life is divided into four aspects as follows.

scholar

In the 14th year of Zhengde's reign, Zhou Fu took the fourth place in the provincial examination. He admired Neo Confucianism, but had no intention of fame. He went to study from Wu Xiang, a disciple of Baisha. Among his classmates were Zheng Jingzheng and Zheng Jingzhe. For this reason, he did not go to Beijing to take part in the examination several times. He went to Jinling (Nanjing) in the autumn of the seventh year of Jiajing to learn from Mr. Zhan Ganquan, and his friends and teachers with Lu Nan in Guanzhong, Lu Huai in Xinzhou, Zou Shouyi in Jizhou, and Jiang Xin in Wuling. The theory of getting the sweet spring can help us to understand the natural principle everywhere, and benefit us deeply and deeply. When Zhou Fu first visited Jinling, he met Lu Huai in Bishui. At that time, Zhou's clothes were simple, thin and silent. However, they became friends at first sight and studied together in zhanganquan. Zhou once discussed with Lu Nan. When he talked about the purpose of "being precise and being in the middle", Lu Nan thought: "it's a daily thing. It's usually simple, but it's just a difficult thing for others." Zhou should say: "it's easy to know what you know, but it's difficult to know what you don't know." Lu Nan marveled at the depth of his understanding, and hereby told Mr. Ganquan: "zhanmen has a successor!" Mr. Ganquan was also surprised to learn that Zhou's knowledge had reached such a high level. Because things in heaven and earth originally go from simplicity to complexity, if they can't go into the easy, they can't go into the difficult; if they can't go into the simple, they can't go into the complex. At that time, Neo Confucianists were often confused by difficulties and could not solve themselves. That's why Mr. Ganquan and LV nanwen appreciated it. In the autumn of the next year, Mr. Ganquan was called to serve as the Minister of rites in Beijing. The Zhou family had no intention of official career. After they were sent to Pengcheng with LV Huai, they returned to their hometown and lived in seclusion in Taoxi. They discussed the study of life with Wu Xiang, Liu ruikui and other Chaoyang scholars. Close to the door of Xue Zhongli, we should be tireless. At that time, Hong Gongyuan paid a visit to Hong Gongyuan, but he didn't pay for the money. Lu gonghuai, the Secretary of the imperial court, had high ambition and advised him to be an official. The truth of learning is reflected in the book written by Tian Gongru, the inspector of learning, and in the preface of Lu gongnan, the Taishi. When Liu gongkui, the second minister, listened to his comments, he was known as a true Confucian. When he read his articles, he was greatly impressed by his teacher. They are both academically brilliant, and they are well-known for their origin. " He compiled and wrote a preface to the selected works of Mr. Ganquan. The book is in the Palace Museum. He also wrote many works on the experience of Neo Confucianism. For example, xintongshuo expressed the origin of its nature, xiuwenxu showed its academic purpose and so on. It had a great influence at that time and became a famous Neo Confucianist in Chaozhou at that time. Unfortunately, most of the works were burned by Japanese pirates. Later, Zhou Guanghao, his third son, went to Beijing for an examination in the second year of Longqing (1568). Later, he went to Xinzhou with Tang Boyuan of Chenghai to teach his father LV Huai, and collected poems and works that Fu Xian and LV Huai presented to each other. Later Guanghao was an official of Wu and Yue dynasties. After ten years of hard work, he collected and lost some of his Xianyan's remains. Together with Juren in the fourth year of Longqing and his nephew Zhou Dulin, he compiled a book called Taoxi Yigao. The book has been lost, only a few articles can be read now. I'm so excited about it!

dutiful son

Another reason for Fu's failure to go to Chunwei is that "his parents are here, so he doesn't travel far away." His father died in the first year of Jiajing. In the seventh year, he was forced to go to Beijing by his mother's order. He went to Nanjing to study in Ganquan instead of taking the exam. More than a year later, he returned home from Nanjing. Seeing that his mother's spring and Autumn period was already high, he could not bear to leave again. So he built a "Shanyang hall" in Taoxi to serve her. He worshiped her in the morning and evening, and enjoyed her in SHUSHUI. When he serves his parents, he has no way to raise them, he will tell them when he goes in and out, he will treat his younger brother with friendship and teach his son with righteousness. Mr. Ganquan called him "filial son". So at that time, he was praised as a "filial son". He also repaired the great ancestral temple in Surabaya, permitted family rites, practiced patriarchal clan system, set up farmland to support his family, worshipped benminglun, and tunzongmu. Because he and his father "dedicated to filial piety, elegant Yilun, the creation of ancestral temples to Fengxian; worship ceremony to teach the fan family." The clansmen traced back to their roots and thought about it. They agreed to welcome Fu Xian and his father to share the great ancestral temple of Surabaya. Because his son Guanghao was expensive, he gave it to the officials and Sichuan officials to participate in politics, so according to the ancient system: "the scholar officials sacrificed in the temple", because the ancestral hall was renamed "Zhou's family temple". The clansmen are proud of each other.

Recluse

After retiring from Taoxi, Fu wrote "Taoxi jingshe" in Xishan and set up "Qiuzhi hall" as a place for gathering disciples and preaching. Mr. Ganquan also sent plaques to "Qiuzhi hall" and "Shanyang hall". He wrote for the "Qiuzhi hall" that "you have outsiders from the mountains, who are able to teach Zhou Ziyin at the foot of the western mountain. The plaque says" Qiuzhi ", who understands the teaching of heavenly principles and teaches disciples to teach them. To fleas (Tong "Zao") know that Zhou Zhi Zhen is also self-adaptive, so send the title cloud His seclusion is close to the Yueting preaching hall built by Mr. Lu an and Mr. Wu Xiang on the Bank of Lianjiang River in the north of Heping Bridge. When he was in Dongxi, Zheng Xiaolian and Mr. Wu were able to stand aloof and adapt to each other. Once in a while, he climbed Luofu and Yinna Mountain to have a rest for his inner view. He had no intention of official career any more, and he lived in seclusion to give lectures. At that time, he was called "Xishan Zhenyin", which realized his original intention as a real hermit.

poet

The collection of Fuxian's poems and essays has been lost, and the only poems handed down in this world are the seven unique poems in Xi Shan man Xing in Xian Zhi, one unique poem in Yin Na Shan Zhi and one unique poem in epitaph written by Mr. Gan Quan. Although there are not many poems in existence, the four quatrains show the poet's talent and the recluse's elegant demeanor. His poems are as follows:

firstly

Half an acre of Chaotian, yunwailong, a vegetable garden, shuizhongzhou. Coir raincoat through pear rain, buckle horn no one asked rice cattle.

second

There are many poems in the sky, which add poetic thoughts to the clear waves. On the side of the bridge, the moon surges, the rain turns over the algae, and the wind outside the pavilion lifts the herons and flashes the lotus.

third

Zhujing thatched cottage is my home, with three bays of flowing water and half streams of sand. Shulangzhen day Hun nothing, a stove autumn cloud boiling chrysanthemum.

Fourth

All sounds are silent, the mountain is more secluded, and a spring flows around the house stone. Just heard the crane to the clouds, the wind sent pear on the pillow. In the same year of Zhou Guanghao and censor of Mingdu, Geng Dingli said that his poems were like Jiangmen (Chen Baisha) There is an anonymous annotation on the "guying Poetry Garden" photocopied by Rao Zongyi Memorial in Chaozhou in the 1990s: "a stove of chrysanthemums cooked in autumn clouds" is "a rare sentence." Another comment on his fourth song "chuyouzhi." Quite to the point. Mr. Chen Chuangyi called his poems "lively in tranquility and vitality in calmness" in his Chaoyang landscape poetry notes. Among them, the most popular one is the first one full of life flavor, fresh and lively: "the painting of spring ploughing on lakes and mountains." In fact, it is the ultimate theory. Baidu Encyclopedia content is shared by netizens. If you find that your data content is inaccurate or incomplete, you are welcome to use your own data service (free) to participate in the correction. Go to > > now

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Fu Xian