Xiaozhushan site

Xiaozhushan site

Xiaozhushan site, also known as tuzhuzi site, is located in the west of Wujia village in the middle of Guanglu Island, Changhai County, Dalian City, Liaoning Province. It is a Neolithic Beiqiu site in northern China. The area is about 5000 square meters. The excavation was carried out in 1978. The cultural pile has three levels: lower, middle and upper. The stratigraphic superimposition revealed in the site provides stratigraphic evidence for the study of Neolithic cultural chronology in Eastern Liaoning. There are stone tools, pottery, animal bones, shells and so on.

The site provides a lot of valuable information for the study of the settlement form and layout of Neolithic Age in Liaodong Peninsula, the social division of labor and the development level of social productivity in prehistoric period, and the economic model of Neolithic Age in Liaodong Peninsula.

In May 2013, Xiaozhushan site was approved by the State Council and announced the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Cultural relics

There are three layers in Xiaozhushan site: the stone tools in the lower layer are mainly made by beating, and the shapes of the tools include scrapers, plate-shaped tools, net pendants, stone balls, grinding plates and grinding sticks. There is only one kind of stone axe for grinding stone tools. Bone organs were found. The pottery is mainly black brown pottery with talc, which is hand-made. The shape of the pottery is simple, and it is mainly a kind of coarse pottery

There are many vertical zigzag lines and a small number of carved lines in the decorative design of the mouth tube shaped jar. There are many kinds of animal bones, such as deer, roe and dog, and there are a certain number of shells.

In the middle layer, some architectural remains such as living surface and pillar hole were found. Most of the stone tools are made by grinding, including axes, arrows and arrowheads. There are few stone tools, such as shovels, knives without holes, arrowheads, grinding plates and grinding rods. There are bone organs (teeth, mussels). The pottery is hand-made, mostly mixed with sand red brown pottery. The main shape of the pottery is a cylinder-shaped jar with extravagant mouth, decorated with oblique lines, triangular patterns and herringbone patterns. There are also a small number of black colored pieces of clay red pottery and individual three legged Gu shaped clay black pottery. There are many kinds of animal bones, such as deer, roe, dog and pig. According to radiocarbon dating and correction, the middle age is about 4300-3900 BC.

The upper stone tools are mainly made by grinding, including axes, shouldered axes, axes, double hole knives and arrowheads. There are only net pendants and grinding sticks for making stone tools. Bone organs were also found. The pottery is hand-made, mainly black brown pottery with sand, large mouth or small mouth pot, and a small number of tripods and beans. The decorative patterns are mainly additional heap patterns and carved patterns. There are many kinds of animal bones, such as pig, dog, deer and roe, most of which are pigs; there are also a lot of shells, and there are very few whale bones.

Research value

It can be seen from the relics that there was a certain amount of primitive agriculture at that time, raising dogs, pigs and other livestock, and fishing and hunting accounted for a considerable proportion. In addition, from the three legged Gu shaped utensils in the middle and the three ring legged basin in the upper, we can see that they were influenced by Dawenkou Culture and Shandong Longshan culture respectively.

Tourism information

Xiaozhushan site is located in Changhai County, Dalian City, Liaoning Province.

protective measures

In May 2013, Xiaozhushan site was approved by the State Council and announced the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Address: Wutun, tangwa village, Guanglu Township, Changhai County, Dalian City

Longitude: 123.011658

Latitude: 39.533913

Ticket information: free.