Han Tombs in Hepu

Han Tombs in Hepu

Han Dynasty tombs, a cultural relic protection unit of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, are located in wangniuling, fengmenling, Baotashan and tangpai in the southeast suburb of Lianzhou Town, Hepu County. Most of them have high mounds. Since the 1970s, more than 400 have been excavated.

There are more than ten thousand cultural relics unearthed from the Han Tombs in Hepu. There are two kinds of chambers: earth pit and brick chamber. In addition to the main room where coffins are placed, some of the chambers have ear chambers or side chambers. Most of the tombs are of slope type, and some of them are of ladder type.

unearthed relic

The tomb No. 1 in wangniuling, which was cleared in the winter of 1971, has a large scale and complex structure, with a slightly "dry" shape. The widest part is 14 meters, which is divided into tomb passage, corridor, South ear room, North ear room and main room.

The main chamber is rectangular, with a lacquer coffin in the center of the rear, and a large number of bronze and lacquer ware in the front and on both sides of the coffin; pottery, pottery figurines and a small amount of bronze ware are stored in the South ear chamber; chariot and horse ware are buried in the North ear chamber. The funerary objects include more than 240 pieces of bronze, iron, pottery, lacquerware, gold cakes, gold beads and crystal, agate, glass and amber ornaments. There are many kinds and a large number of bronzes, which play a major role in funerary objects.

Among them, Phoenix lamp, beam pot, long neck pot, tripod plate and Kui are all decorated with fine and symmetrical fine line patterns, which show a high level of craft and local characteristics in modeling and decoration. The copper warehouse model is a dry column building.

There is a corridor in front of the house, surrounded by railings, and eight columns under the house. There are two pottery pails with red books on the inner wall. Jiuzhenfu. The tomb owner may be a former Sheriff of Jiuzhen county or his relative. In the autumn of 1975, four tombs from tangpai to pupakou were excavated. There are few burial objects, but the scale is similar to that of wangniuling No.1 tomb. The owner of the tomb may also be a local official at the prefecture level or a military officer stationed there.

Rare treasure

How many rare treasures are there in the Han Tombs in Hepu. In Hepu County Museum, where there are more than 5000 pieces of collection, including 21 pieces of first-class products, there is an Eastern Han Dynasty copper beam pot unearthed in 1986. There is even wine in the sealed pot.

This pot of the world's oldest wine evokes countless imaginations. A rusty copper lamp looks like a phoenix looking back with a folded neck. The lamp holder is placed on the back of the Phoenix. The smoke generated by the combustion is sucked into the beak of the Phoenix and filtered through the hollow neck into the belly of the Phoenix.

This cultural relic, unearthed from the Han tomb in Hepu County, Beihai City, Guangxi Province, has made many experts admire the Chinese people's environmental awareness and exquisite design two thousand years ago. Compared with the numbered more than 1200 Han tombs with sealed mounds, there are more Han Tombs in Pingdi.

Experts say the latter is more than five times the former. The densely distributed Han Tombs often make "news" in local engineering construction. Many cultural relics were fortunately preserved in front of the bulldozers, including a glazed ring made in ancient Persia and imported into China through the "maritime Silk Road".

Historical data show that

Historical data show that in the Han Dynasty, local merchants in the Central Plains and Hepu shipped ceramics, cloth, Sichuan brocade, and possibly grain, etc. from the port of Beibu Gulf, they sailed to India, and then transported to Egypt, Rome and other places. This is the proven ancient "maritime Silk Road". Hepu is one of the departure ports of this important line of communication between ancient China and overseas countries. Among the hundreds of Han tombs excavated in Hepu County, the burial objects unearthed from each Han tomb range from dozens to hundreds. Among them are pottery, bronze, gold, silver, iron, jade, lacquer and other utensils, with a wide range of types, especially a large number of imported products such as glass, agate and crystal.

Expert research

A seal engraved with the owner's name "Huang Chao" was unearthed from an Eastern Han tomb excavated in August 2007. According to the research of experts, most of the owners of the Han Tombs in Hepu were "people with status" wearing seals. Most of them were officials or members of famous families relegated to Baiyue during the Han Dynasty, and merchants engaged in Pearl and silk business. These rich foreign goods, on the one hand, show the master's status, on the other hand, also reflect the prosperity of Hepu's foreign trade at that time.

Foreign exchanges

Huang Qishan, director of the Guangxi Museum, said that the Han Tombs in Hepu are different from those in other parts of the country. Many imported goods reflect the combination of the economy and culture of the ocean and the mainland. There is a lot of material evidence of foreign exchanges at the port of departure of the maritime silk Road, which is of special value for understanding the foreign exchanges of ancient China.

Address: wangniuling, fengmenling, Baotashan and tangpai in the southeast suburb of Lianzhou Town, Hepu County, Beihai City

Longitude: 109.189865

Latitude: 21.643124