Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve

Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve

Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve takes Quanzhou Bay estuarine as the main body, involving Huian County, Luojiang District, Fengze District, Jinjiang City and Shishi City, with a total area of 7045 hectares. The main protected objects of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland nature reserve are tidal flat wetland, mangrove and its natural ecosystem, a series of national key protected wild animals such as Chinese white dolphin, Chinese sturgeon, yellow billed egret and black billed Gull, and birds under Sino Japanese and Sino Australian migratory bird protection agreements. The Nature Reserve belongs to marine and coastal ecosystem type (wetland type) nature reserve

Historical evolution

On September 24, 2003, Fujian Provincial People's Government approved the establishment of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland provincial nature reserve.

In 2007, with the approval of Fujian provincial government, the area of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve is 7045 hectares.

geographical environment

position

Fujian Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve is located in Quanzhou City, Fujian Province. It spans five counties (cities and districts) including Hui'an, Luojiang, Fengze, Jinjiang and Shishi. Its geographical coordinates are: east longitude 118 ° 37 ′ 45 ″～ 118 ° 42 ′ 44 ″, north latitude 24 ° 47 ′ 37 ″～ 24 ° 57 ′ 29 ″.

landforms

Quanzhou Bay is located at the estuary of Jinjiang River and Luoyang River. Among the landforms, the land landforms are alluvial marine plain, marine plain and aeolian sandy land. The coastal landforms include marine erosion landforms and marine deposition landforms, and the submarine landforms include underwater shoals and deep troughs.

climate

Fujian Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve belongs to regular semidiurnal tide. It belongs to marine monsoon climate, with annual average temperature of 20.4 ℃, annual average precipitation of 1095.4mm and annual average relative humidity of 78%. It is a typhoon prone area

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soil

Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland provincial nature reserve covers the beach waters of Fengze District, Luojiang District, Hui'an County, Jinjiang City and Shishi City in the inner bay of Quanzhou Bay, as well as some woodlands of Taohua mountain.

Protection target

The main protected objects of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve in Fujian Province are estuarine wetland ecosystem, mangrove forest, Chinese white dolphin, yellow billed egret and other rare wild animals.

Botany

The biodiversity in the reserve is rich, and more than 1000 species have been recorded. There are 104 species of phytoplankton, including 86 species of diatoms, 16 species of dinoflagellates and 2 species of cyanobacteria; 82 species of zooplankton, including 21 species of jellyfish, 8 species of Chaetognatha, 2 species of Cladocera, 41 species of Copepoda and 7 species of Decapoda. There are 169 species of benthos, including 55 species of crustaceans, 45 species of Polychaeta, 41 species of molluscs and 9 species of echinoderms. There are 191 species of higher plants in Quanzhou Bay, belonging to 143 genera and 51 families, of which 26 species are halophiles. According to the way of salt tolerance and salt control, coastal vegetation can be divided into salt repellent plants, salt secreting plants, salt accumulating plants and general salt tolerant plants. Mangrove plants include Kandelia candel, Aegiceras corniculatus, Avicennia marina, etc. Among them, tung tree and Avicennia marina are the North limit of natural distribution

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animal

Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve has 27 species of wildlife listed in the national key protection, including 3 species of Chinese white dolphin, Chinese sturgeon, and 24 species of black faced Spoonbill, yellow billed egret, pseudokiller whale, bottlenose dolphin, finless porpoise, green sea turtle, hawksbill turtle, leatherback turtle, tiger frog, amphioxus belcheri, etc. 14 species were listed in cites appendix. China and Japan agreed to protect 25 species of migratory birds, and China and Australia agreed to protect 18 species of migratory birds. There are 22 species of wildlife under provincial key protection.

Management measures

Management organization

During the Ninth Five Year Plan period, five counties (cities and districts) of Hui'an, Luojiang, Fengze, Jinjiang and Shishi set up five nature reserves in the estuary wetland area of Quanzhou Bay, respectively, to protect the wetland ecosystem, migratory bird habitat and mangrove in the area under their jurisdiction.

In 2001, the provincial nature reserve was established with the approval of Fujian provincial government, covering an area of 7039 hectares

It is a department level institution with 8 staff.

In April 2001, Quanzhou Municipal People's government established "Quanzhou Coastal Wetland Resources Protection and construction management leading group".

In May 2001, the municipal government held a special meeting on the scientific investigation of Quanzhou Coastal estuarine wetland resources, and entrusted the third Institute of Oceanography of the State Oceanic Administration to be responsible for the scientific investigation of the protected area.

Administrative measures

In order to strengthen the protection, management and construction of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve, maintain ecological security and realize sustainable development, Quanzhou Municipal People's government issued a circular on strengthening the management of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland provincial nature reserve by Quanzhou No.8 in accordance with the forest law of the people's Republic of China, regulations of the people's Republic of China on nature reserves and relevant laws and regulations The contents of the notice are as follows: 1. Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve is located in the inner bay of Quanzhou Bay, covering the beaches and waters of Fengze District, Luojiang District, Hui'an County, Jinjiang City and Shishi City in the inner bay of Quanzhou Bay, as well as a small part of the woodland of Taohuashan in Fengze District. The geographical coordinates are 118 ° 37 ′ 45 ″ - 118 ° 42 ′ 44 ″ E and 24 ° 47 ′ 37 ″ - 25 ° 01 ′ 30 ″ n, with a total area of 7039.56 hectares. 2. Quanzhou Coastal Wetland Resources Protection and construction leading group is responsible for the coordination of the protection and management of Quanzhou Bay Estuary Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve; Quanzhou forestry bureau is the comprehensive management department of Quanzhou Bay Estuary Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve, with a special management organization to take charge of the daily protection and management. 3. The beaches, woodlands, trees, wild animals and plants, cultural relics and historic sites, natural and cultural landscapes and boundary markers of nature reserves within the scope of nature reserves must be strictly protected and managed, and no unit or individual may occupy or damage them. 4. Strictly control the construction activities in nature reserves. The necessary construction activities should conform to the overall planning of Quanzhou Bay Estuarine Wetland Nature Reserve, and go through relevant procedures in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and procedures. A project to be constructed in a protected zone outside a nature reserve shall not damage the environmental quality within the nature reserve; if damage has been caused, it shall be remedied within a time limit. 5. No unit or individual is allowed to enter the core area of the nature reserve. It is forbidden to carry out tourism, production and business activities in the buffer zone of the nature reserve. To carry out visiting and tourism activities in the experimental area of a nature reserve, the administrative agency of the nature reserve shall put forward a plan, which shall be approved by the relevant administrative department of the nature reserve under the people's Government of Fujian Province. 6. Reclamation, mining, quarrying, earth digging, sand digging, grave repairing, felling, hunting, picking, burning wasteland, picnics and other activities damaging the topography, landform and natural ecological landscape within the nature reserve are strictly prohibited. 7. It is not allowed to discharge or discard waste water, waste gas and waste that are toxic, harmful, harmful to human health and pollute the environment at will in nature reserves. The domestic garbage of the units and residents around the nature reserve should be effectively treated and discharged at the designated place. 8. Any violation of this Circular shall be investigated and dealt with by the administrative organ of the nature reserve or relevant administrative department according to the relevant provisions and division of responsibilities. If the circumstances are serious and the criminal law is violated, the case shall be transferred to a judicial organ for handling.

Development and utilization

Tourism information

Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve is known as the "multi-cultural treasure house, the famous city on the west side of the Strait". Quanzhou is the starting point of the maritime Silk Road. Around the Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland, multi culture coexists and historical sites are all over the place, including Luoyang Bridge, Erythrina port, Marco Polo Houzhu sea exit site, etc. Haisi culture, wetland landscape, human landscape and natural scenery complement each other, forming a unique Quanzhou Bay Wetland culture.

scientific research

There are lots of native mangroves in Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland provincial nature reserve. Mangrove has the reputation of "marine forest" and "coast guard". It is a unique plant community in tropical and subtropical coastal mudflats. It is the most important wetland resource. It has the important functions of maintaining biodiversity, windbreak and revetment, degrading pollutants, purifying water quality, providing seafood and so on. It has become an important position for scientific research and education.

ecological value

Spartina alterniflora was introduced into Quanzhou Bay in 1982, which has had a great negative impact on the local ecosystem, affected the growth of mangrove and other native plants, and affected beach culture and smooth flow of water.

Fujian Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland Provincial Nature Reserve is one of the important wetlands in China, and is a typical representative of subtropical estuarine wetland in China. In 1994, the "China priority ecosystem protection project" in the "China Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan" was planned as a priority project. In 2000, it was listed in the "list of important wetlands in China" of "China wetland protection action plan".

The construction of Quanzhou Bay estuarine wetland park can repair and protect the estuarine wetland ecosystem, form a unique Quanzhou Bay Wetland culture, solve the employment problems of surrounding residents and other multiple effects, and promote the protection work and the overall development of coastal economy.