Yunshan National Forest Park

Yunshan National Forest Park

Yunshan National Forest Park is located 5 kilometers south of Wugang City. It is the afterblood of Xuefeng mountain, with 71 peaks. Zixiao peak, the highest peak, is 1372.5 meters above sea level. Yunshan mountain is 20 kilometers long and narrow from east to west, with a total area of 3110 hectares. It is famous for its unique mountains, beautiful waters, secluded forests and illusory clouds.

Yunshan is a famous mountain with a long history. It is recorded in daoshu as the "scenic spot of Southern Chu", the 69th blessed place in China. Yunshan has beautiful scenery and is always a tourist attraction. There are many famous people chanting about it in ancient and modern times. Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of song Dynasty, sighed: "seventy-one peaks of Yunshan, changing clouds". Pan Xing, the head of the Ministry of rites of Ming Dynasty, once wrote: "a waterfall flying waves", "two China towering green", "Xianqiao henghan", "Yanqian Lianshui" ”There are ten scenic spots in Yunshan mountain, such as "bell outside the cloud", "spring in Xingwu", "wind sweeping on bamboo altar", "Danjing Yunfeng", "traces by the stone bank" and "shadow of the cave gate".

Yunshan Forest Park is divided into three scenic spots: pangshanchong scenic spot, yunshantang scenic spot and zixiaofeng scenic spot. In the scenic spot, the sea of clouds, ancient trees, flowing springs, streams, waterfalls, secluded valleys, peaks, strange rocks, ancient temples, Lingsi, ancient roads and historic sites are all available. It is known as the "southern resort of Chu". It has become a suburban compound forest park integrating tourism, pilgrimage, leisure, scientific research and teaching.

In February 2020, to pay tribute to the majority of medical workers, from the end of the epidemic to December 31, 2020, the scenic spot will be open to medical workers all over the country for free.

Evolution of construction

Yunshan National Forest Park was established on the basis of the former state-owned Wugang Yunshan forest farm in 1954. It was designated as Tianzi mountain and renamed Wugang forest farm in 1956.

In 1981, a total of 240 hectares of mountain forest centered on Baoding and yunshantang was designated as a provincial nature reserve.

In 1982, it was listed as a national nature reserve. In 1985, the people's Government of Shaoyang City and the people's Government of Wugang county jointly held a "seminar on the planning of the protection and development of Yunshan mountain". The forest farm renovated the tourist roads, restored the scenic spots, and strengthened the infrastructure construction. It has a certain tourism reception capacity.

It was listed as National Forest Park in 1992 and national AAA scenic spot in 2006.

After the establishment of Yunshan National Forest Park, "wanggui Pavilion", "Buyun Pavilion", "Tengyun Pavilion", "Shuanghua Pavilion" and "sister Pavilion" have been built successively, and "ancient road of Qin people", "Zen master tower forest" and "Shengli Temple" have been restored. A grand gate was built at the entrance of Yunshan mountain scenic spot.

In 2000, the Wugang Buddhist Association and the state-owned forest farm took the lead in raising 4.5 million yuan for the fifth reconstruction. It was designed by Hunan Academy of Architectural Sciences and constructed by the second construction engineering company of Wugang City. The ground was broken on July 8 and completed in May 2002.

geographical environment

Yunshan National Forest Park is located 5 km south of Wugang City, Hunan Province, with an East diameter of 110 ° 22 '~ 111 ° 3' and north latitude of 26 ° 27 '~ 27 ° with a total area of 1267 hectares, a core reserve area of 547 hectares and a buffer zone and Experimental Zone of 720 hectares. The mountain elevation of the reserve is generally between 550 and 850 meters, with the highest peak of Zixiao peak at an altitude of 1373 meters, and the lowest point (pangshanchong scenic spot) at an altitude of 388 meters, with a relative height of 984.5 meters.

The climate is mild, the rainfall is abundant, the four seasons are distinct, the clouds and fog are unpredictable, the annual average temperature is 15 ℃, and the annual precipitation is about 1500mm. The relative humidity is 81%, and the annual frost free period is 226 ~ 268 days.

natural resources

Yunshan Nature Reserve is located in the middle subtropical zone with suitable climate and rich animal and plant resources.

There are 1518 species of plants belonging to 203 families. Among them, Ginkgo biloba, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, xiangguoshu, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, zhongcalyx wood, Taiwania flousiana, etc. belong to the first-class national protection. At present, there are 200 hectares of well preserved primary secondary broad-leaved forest, and the canopy density of the forest area is more than 0.9. In 1921, Austrian botanist Han Madi went to Yunshan to collect more than 300 specimens and found more than 80 new species of plants. In the area, there are "Lin Zhongwei husband" Yunshan zhongcalyx, "Tieda King Kong" Yunshan tree, "noble tree" nanmu, "cash tree" favored by tourists, and beech with chest circumference of 5.11 meters, height of more than 20 meters, about 800 years old, which can be called the king of beech trees in Hunan Province; precious medicinal materials include "cancer killer" Taxus chinensis var. mairei, "natural penicillin" snow gall, "blood cancer" The results show that there are some differences between the two species, such as "Star" Cephalotaxus, "Southern ginseng" Gynostemma pentaphyllum, etc. Rare flowers include "Snow White" Yunshan white orchid, "white girl" Magnolia, exotic and attractive "lobster flower", huge and beautiful magnolia officinalis and Manglietia manghuaensis, as well as natural spice plants such as Bayan and manshanxiang.

There are 211 species of vertebrates in 66 families in Yunshan, including 16 species of amphibians in 7 families of 2 orders, 39 species of reptiles in 9 families of 2 orders, 116 species of birds in 34 families of 14 orders and 40 species of mammals in 16 families of 7 orders. Among them, pheasant with long tail, red bellied horned pheasant and clouded leopard belong to the first level of national protection, and musk deer, water deer, giant salamander, soft chicken and pangolin belong to the second level of national protection.

List of rare plants in Yunshan mountain

There are 9 species named after Yunshan mountain: Yunshan calyx (also known as Yunshan Bole tree), Yunshan white orchid (also known as broad petaled white orchid), Yunshan sweet clover, Yunshan Stone Oak (also known as conus gravel), Yunshan tree (also known as yungshan Cyclobalanopsis glauca, red tree, bright leaf oak, bayberry oak), Yunshan star maple, Yunshan Tilia, Yunshan cinnamon (also known as Maogui), Yunshan gray wood.

There are 6 species of national first-class protected plants: Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, calyx campestris, fragrant fruit tree and Taiwania flousiana.

There are 12 species of national second-class protected plants: Liriodendron chinense, Lianxiang tree, Eucommia ulmoides, Phoebe, Taxus chinensis, Liriodendron, Magnolia officinalis, Fokienia hodginsii, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Lysimachia fortunei, palmitaria, beech (beech).

There are 5 species of national third level protected plants: Manglietia Manglietia, Schima semimaple, Illicium verum, Coptis chinensis and Gastrodia elata.

There are 5 species of protected plants in Hunan Province: Sassafras tsumu (catalpa), Cyclocarya paliurus (Cyclocarya paliurus), Maoer excrement, Tilia yunshanensis and Castanea mollissima.

Yunshan landscape

On the front of the entrance gate of Yunshan companion mountain scenic spot, Xu Youfang, former Minister of the Ministry of forestry, inscribed "Yunshan National Forest Park" in his own handwriting, and on the back, Hua Guofeng inscribed "beautiful scenery of Southern Chu" in large bronze characters.

Banshanchong scenic spot

Curtain water in front of the cliff: in the company of the mountain, a waterfall falls down from the 40-50-meter-high cliff, forming a pure white and crystal water curtain. Looking from the height of the county, it looks like a white silk mountain.

Xianqiao henghan: it is a natural stone arch bridge located in the mountain depression opposite Bu Yun ting in sanli'an. It is about 1 meter in width and 7 meters in span. It rises from the ground across the sky with majestic momentum. It seems to be hidden and visible in the sea of clouds and fog. Visitors call it "immortal bridge".

Feitao waterfall: this scene is located in Wulian, the ancient road of Qin people. If we say that "curtain water in front of cliff" wins by height, then "one waterfall flying waves" is characterized by strong air and strong sense of wildness. The white jade like mountain spring came down from the cliff, roared and fell on the rocks, forming clusters of spray. Beside the stream, there are inscriptions such as "Baiyu spring", "waterfall" and "ancient road of Qin people".

Golden tortoise over the mountain: the whole big stone is like a tortoise, flying in color and sticking to the steep slope of no less than 60 degrees.

Two towering emeralds: at Wuxing nunnery, there are two opposing peaks of Rihua and Yuehua, both of which are covered with trees. Due to the different geographical location, when the sun comes out, Yuehua peak is dark and shaded, while Rihua peak is sunny; when the moon comes out, Rihua peak loses the brilliance of the day, but Yuehua peak shows a clear charm in the melting moonlight. Between the two peaks, the mountain spring is Ding Dong, the stream is always flowing, and the moon training crosses the two walls. A classical "Shuanghua Pavilion" will be built near the Wangyue bridge.

Yunshantang scenic spot

Lotus throne: there is a place with a radius of one Li under bieyun peak. It is called "lotus throne" because of the surrounding peaks. It is the core area of temples in Yunshan. According to the stele of "eternal not grinding", there was a temple at the earliest time, which was founded in Qin Dynasty Wanshou Palace and Guanyin Pavilion were built here in Song Dynasty, destroyed in fire in Yuan Dynasty, and rebuilt in 1543 by Wang Sheng, the magistrate of Wugang. In 1469, the Shengli temple, which was built by monk Zhihui and others, was grand and elegant, and became the "grand temple of one county".

Xingwu Tibetan spring boarded yunshantang, many ancient ginkgo arranged in Shanwu, now only two small ginkgo. Shengli temple, a newly restored temple in Shanwu, is the most magnificent in Southwest Hunan, where the internationally famous religious master Gao hatyan served as abbot. Every year, more than 50000 believers at home and abroad come to worship Buddha.

In the green cluster of the upper half of Yunshan Hall of the summer resort, the park has a summer resort covering an area of 1000 square meters, with 80 high, medium and low-grade beds, conference rooms, karaoke, restaurants, shops, program-controlled telephone, cable TV and other service facilities.

There are many cultural relics and historic sites in the Buddhist tombs of Yunshan hall in the forest of stone pagodas and steles. Although many of them have been destroyed, there are still 14 simple and solemn stone Buddhist pagodas. Generally, the tower is 3 to 4 meters high, and the highest one is 6 meters. It is located in the green trees. More than 50 inscriptions