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Home > List > Others > ScenicSpot

Confucius Temple

Time: 2022-01-29 17:50:19 Author: ChinaWiki.net

--Jilin Confucian temple was approved by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. It is the largest Confucian temple in Northeast China. Together with Qufu Confucian temple, Nanjing Confucian temple and Beijing Confucian temple, it is known as China's four major Confucian temples.

--Jilin Confucian temple consists of 21 single buildings, including panchi, Zhuangyuan bridge, Lingxing gate, main gate, Chongsheng hall, East and West armpit gate.

--In the Confucian temple, there are exhibitions of Confucius' life and deeds, stone carvings of holy sites, embroidered statues of Yan Shenggong and his wife, Jilin stele forest, etc.

--In front of the Dacheng gate of Jilin Confucian temple stands a 5.7-meter-high statue of Confucius, which was donated by Mr. Tang Enjia, President of the Hong Kong Institute of Confucius.

--The large scale and high level of the buildings are unique among the local Confucian temples built in feudal society. Every building in Confucian temple has profound cultural connotation.

Confucius Temple

Jilin Confucian temple, founded in 1736, is located at No.2 Nanchang Road, Changyi District, Jilin City, Jilin Province, covering a total area of 16354 square meters. Confucius Temple in Nanjing, Confucius Temple in Qufu, Confucius Temple in Beijing and Confucian temple in Jilin are known as the four major Confucian temples in China.

Jilin Confucian temple is a group of classical buildings with Oriental architectural characteristics. Its buildings are 74 meters wide from east to west and 221 meters long from north to south. There are 64 halls with balconies. Three main buildings, Dacheng gate, Dacheng hall and Chongsheng hall, are located on a central axis. The auxiliary buildings on both sides are arranged symmetrically, surrounded by a 3-meter-high red wall. In front of the main gate is a 40 meter long and 5-meter-high screen wall. The establishment of Jilin Confucian temple is the recognition of the Qing government for the introduction of Han culture into northeast China, and the historical witness of the interaction between Han culture and northeast minority culture. The construction of Jilin Confucian temple has promoted the integration of Manchu and Han culture.

 

On May 25, 2006, the Confucian temple in Jilin Province was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

 

In 2009, Jilin Confucian temple was awarded as "advanced unit of Confucian temple protection" by China Confucian temple Protection Association.

 

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Historical evolution

In 1736, Qianlong approved the construction of Yongji Confucian temple.

Qianlong seven years (1742), Yongji Confucian temple was completed, address in the southeast corner of the city (Jilin City first experimental primary school).

During the reign of Jiaqing (1796-1820), Emperor Jiaqing granted a plaque of "Shengji Dacheng" to the emperor and hung it in the main hall.

In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), there was a plaque in the main hall, which was written by Emperor Kangxi.

In the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), Confucius was promoted as the great sacrifice of the state.

In 1907, Jilin Province was set up. Governor Zhu Jiabao and tixue made Wu Lu think that the original Confucian temple was simple and crude, which was not enough to worship rites. So he hired Shang Ying from Jiangsu Province to inspect the Confucian temple in Guannei, and decided to build a new Confucian temple in donglaimenwai (now Jilin Confucian Temple).

In the first year of Xuantong (1909), the new temple was completed. Its Dacheng gate, Dacheng hall, Chongsheng hall and walls were covered with yellow glazed tiles.

In the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), before the construction of the new temple, the Ding festival was held every year in the spring and autumn.

In 1965, with the funding of Jilin Province, he bought yellow glazed tiles in Beijing and hired experts of Beijing ancient architecture to repair Dacheng Hall of Jilin Confucian temple. Jilin Confucian temple experienced six large-scale maintenance from its completion to the "Cultural Revolution". During the cultural revolution, it suffered serious damage.

In 1985, the state, province and city successively allocated more than 3.4 million yuan to repair the Confucian temple in Jilin Province.

On September 28, 1990, Jilin Confucian Temple Museum was established with Jilin Confucian temple as the site, and officially opened to the public.

In May 1991, 17 clay statues of Confucius, Sipei and 12 philosophers were built in Dacheng hall, and five exhibitions were designed and produced in the hall, including: 17 statues of Confucius, Sipei and 12 philosophers and their sacrificial utensils and musical instruments, Confucius' relics, Chinese imperial examination system, Jilin stele forest and Jiangcheng students exhibition.

In 2007, Jilin Confucian temple demolished the two-story office building which was built in the seventies and was less than two meters away from Chongsheng hall, eliminating major fire hazards.

Since 2009, Jilin Municipal government has moved the commercial and residential buildings in front of the main gate of Jilin Confucian temple, built the cultural square of Jilin Confucian temple, and adopted the construction principle of "repair the old as before" of Jilin Confucian Temple Museum, removed the earthwork of the Cultural Square as a whole by 0.6 meters, and restored the original height of the screen wall of Jilin Confucian temple.

From 2010, the state will invest a large amount of money in large-scale maintenance of Jilin Confucian temple.

 

 

Architectural features

structure

Jilin Confucian temple is a group of classical buildings with Oriental architectural characteristics. Its architecture imitates the Imperial Palace system and covers an area of 16354 square meters. The order of entering the main gate is Zhuangyuan bridge, Lingxing gate, Dacheng gate, Dacheng hall and Chongsheng hall. Dacheng gate, Dacheng hall and Chongsheng hall are three main buildings, which constitute the courtyard.

 

characteristic

The architectural structure of Jilin Confucian temple is rigorous, and its overall architectural tone and pattern are ingenious. It uses the sequence of progressive courtyards extending along the central axis to transit to the main building. The width of the space, the height of the building, and the shape, scale, proportion, tone, simplicity, light and shade of each single building are used to show the ethical principles and hierarchical order of superiority and inferiority Showing the lofty position of Dacheng hall, the coordination and contrast between the various parts of the building, and the clear combination and arrangement are the embodiment of the architectural aesthetics of "harmony".

Jilin Confucian temple is a large-scale building. The main building, screen wall and enclosure are covered with yellow glazed tiles. Dacheng hall double eaves, is a typical palace architecture, Xieshan style palace top, dragon and Phoenix Ridge, front Kowloon, back Jiufeng.

 

Cultural relics

Dacheng Hall

Dacheng hall is the core of the main building of Jilin Confucian temple. It is a typical palace style building. It is strategically located, surrounded by four corridors and carved jade columns, standing on the platform of nearly two meters. It has a large volume and beautiful image. It is superior to the top of the surrounding doors and veranda, highlighting the supreme position of Confucius in people's minds. Dacheng hall is 19.46 meters high, 36 meters wide, 25 meters deep and 11 Bay. It is a typical palace style building, with double eaves, Xieshan style roof, double cornices, high relief dragon and Phoenix Ridge, front Jiulong, back Jiufeng and yellow glazed tile roof.

 

Dachengmen

Dachengmen (Wujian) is the main gate to worship Confucius. Its architectural style is unique. It uses high relief dragon and Phoenix ridges, with five dragons on the front and five phoenixes on the back. It is a palace style building with great ornamental value. There are two Yemen on the left and right of dachengmen, which are called "Jinsheng" in the East and "Yuzhen" in the West. Under the eaves of dachengmen, there are two steles for the construction of Jilin Confucian temple. On the left side is the inscription of the 10th year of Tongzhi; on the right side is the inscription of the 11th year of the Republic of China. Chongsheng Hall (seven rooms) is located at the back of Dacheng hall. It is Confucius' family temple. It is a large-scale building with a hollowed out Dragon Ridge. It was originally a memorial tablet dedicated to Confucius' ancestors of Five Dynasties. Later, it once displayed the silk embroidered statue of Yansheng Gong of past dynasties, which has high cultural value. The buildings on both sides of the main building of Jilin Confucian temple are auxiliary buildings, arranged symmetrically. In the south of dachengmen is the stone "lingxingmen" with four pillars and three pillars. In the south of lingxingmen is the "Zhuangyuan bridge" with white jade. In the south of Zhuangyuan bridge is the "Zhaobi" (Wanren palace wall) with a height of 5 meters.

 

Research value

After the completion of the Confucian temple in Yongji Prefecture, the wind of setting up schools became more and more popular, laying a channel for Manchu and Han children to study and seek official positions. The Confucian culture spread rapidly and promoted the development of politics, economy and culture in Guandong. Jilin Confucian temple, as the first Confucian temple established in Northeast China by Qing Dynasty, is not only the recognition of Han culture introduced into northeast China by Qing government, but also the historical witness of the interaction between Han culture and northeast minority culture. The construction of Jilin Confucian temple has promoted the integration of Manchu and Han culture. The architectural style of Jilin Confucian temple is elegant, which has the historical, cultural and artistic value of research.

 

 

protective measures

In 1961, Jilin Confucian temple was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit by Jilin Municipal People's Committee.

 

In 1987, Jilin Confucian temple was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit by Jilin provincial government.

 

In 1991, Jilin Municipal government named Jilin Confucian temple as "patriotic education base".

 

In 1996, Jilin Municipal government named Jilin Confucian temple as "moral education base".

 

On May 25th, 2006, the "Jilin Confucian Temple" was announced as the Sixth Batch of all temples by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

Confucius Temple


Chinese Edition

 

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