Laiwu City, Shandong Province

Laiwu Laiwu, formerly known as "Ying and Mou", also known as Fengcheng, is an original city in Shandong Province (officially abolished in January 2019). It is located in the middle of Shandong Province, at the east foot of Mount Tai, adjacent to Zhangqiu District of Jinan City in the north, Boshan District and Yiyuan County of Zibo City in the East, Xintai City of Tai'an City in the south, and Daiyue district of Tai'an City in the West. The terrain is a semi-circular basin with gentle South and steep north and protruding north. It belongs to temperate zone Monsoon climate, four distinct seasons; total area of 2246.21 square kilometers, the original jurisdiction of two municipal districts; permanent population of 1.376 million in 2017.

Laiwu City has always been a place for military strategists to fight. In the spring and Autumn period, there was a "long spoon war" here. During the war of liberation, the East China field army launched the "Laiwu campaign" here. Laiwu City has won the title of "national health city", "national garden city", "National Forest City" and "China's excellent tourism city", and has won the title of "national double support model city" for five times. In 2017, Laiwu was selected as the fifth national civilized city. In 2017, Laiwu achieved a GDP of 89.602 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2% over 2016 at comparable prices. In November 2018, it was selected into the top 100 of the overall well-off index of Chinese cities.

In January 2019, the State Council approved to cancel the prefecture level Laiwu City, and the jurisdiction was assigned to Jinan City; Laiwu District of Jinan City was established as the administrative region of Laicheng District of Laiwu City; Gangcheng District of Jinan City was established as the administrative region of Gangcheng District of Laiwu City.

Laiwu, spring and autumn for Mou and Qi Ying Yi, Pingzhou Yi. Mou belongs to the vassal state of Lu, and its former site is zhaojiaquan village, Xinzhuang Town, 10km east of the city; Yingyi belongs to Qi, and its former site is Chengzi Village, Yangli Town, northwest of the city; Pingzhou is in the west of Laiwu.

Qin set Ying county (Chengzi County Village), belongs to Jibei county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Mu county was set up in zhaojiaquan village, and Laiwu county was set up in the northeast of Mu county. Because the government was set up in Laiwu Valley in Zishui River Basin, Laiwu was named Laiwu. The former site is Zicheng village, 21.5km southeast of Zichuan. Ying, Mou and Laiwu belong to Taishan county.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Ying County moved eastward to nanwenzi village. At the same time, Laiwu County in Zichuan was abolished, and the northern part of Laiwu county was divided into Beiqiu County in Zichuan, and the southern part was divided into Ying county and Mou county respectively.

In 556, Mu county was abolished and merged into Boping county.

In the 16th year of kaihuang (596), Mucheng county was restored, and Daye county was merged into Ying County in the early years of 605-618. In 627, Ying county was abolished and merged into Boping county.

In the fourth year of Chang'an of Tang Dynasty (704), Laiwu county was restored in the old town of Ying county (nanwenzi Village) of Northern Wei Dynasty. Since then, Laiwu county government office has been set up in Laiwu City.

In 820, Laiwu county was merged into Qianfeng county. In 827, Laiwu county was restored. Its governing place was still nanwenzi village, belonging to Lu County of Yanzhou. In the early Song Dynasty, it belonged to Lu County of Yanzhou, followed by Lu County of zaqing Prefecture.

In the Jin Dynasty, Laiwu County, which was in charge of smelting in Laicheng, was abolished. In 1172, Laiwu County, which was located in nanwenzi village, was moved to the former site of Laiwu county.

It belonged to Tai'an Prefecture in Qing Dynasty.

In 1915, it belonged to Jinan road. In 1925, it belonged to Tai'an road. In 1928, it was directly under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province. In 1941, the Anti Japanese democratic regime merged Laiwu with a few areas of Boshan, Yiyuan and Xintai, and divided them into three counties, Laiwu, laidong and lainan.

In August 1983, with the approval of the State Council, Laiwu county was abolished and a county-level city under the jurisdiction of the province was established, which was managed by Tai'an City. In 1990, Zhaizi township of Xintai City and Huangzhuang town of Yiyuan County were put under the jurisdiction of Laiwu City. In November 1992, with the approval of the State Council, Laiwu City was upgraded from a county-level city to a prefecture level city, with jurisdiction over Laicheng and Gangcheng districts and 30 towns and offices.

In January 2019, the State Council approved Shandong Province to adjust the administrative division of Laiwu City, abolish the prefecture level Laiwu City, and put its jurisdiction under the jurisdiction of Jinan City; set up Laiwu District of Jinan City, with the former Laicheng District of Laiwu City as the administrative region of Laiwu district; set up Gangcheng District of Jinan City, with the former Gangcheng District of Laiwu City as the administrative region of Gangcheng district.

administrative division

Division evolution

In December 2000, with the approval of Shandong Provincial People's government, Laiwu City merged and adjusted its 30 towns and offices into 4 offices, 14 towns and 1 township.

In 2002, Laiwu City had a total area of 2246.21 square kilometers and a total population of 1238763. It has jurisdiction over 5 streets, 14 towns, 1 Township, 101 administrative areas, 1070 Village (neighborhood) committees and 1282 natural villages. Laicheng district covers an area of 1906.87 square kilometers with a population of 1004123. It governs 4 streets, 11 towns and 1 Township with a total of 90 management areas, 906 Village (neighborhood) committees and 1085 natural villages. Gangcheng district covers an area of 339.34 square kilometers with a population of 234640. It governs 1 street and 3 towns with a total of 14 management areas, 164 Village (neighborhood) committees and 197 natural villages.

On June 23, 2006, the administrative divisions of Laiwu City were adjusted as follows:

1、 The 26 administrative villages in Fengcheng sub district office of Laicheng district and 3 administrative villages in Xinzhuang Town, a total of 29 villages, are under the jurisdiction of pengquan sub district office. The 29 villages are donglonggu, nanlonggu, qianpo, moshanzi, Jingu, zoujiabu, beizhangjiazhuang, dongshenjiazhuang, Chang'an, laoyayu, kongjiazhuang, jiangjiazhuang, Fujiazhuang, Dashan, Xiaoshan, houpanlong, qianpanlong, chenpanlong, mapanlong, duanpanlong, Caogou, Wenyang, xichengjiayu, zhongchenjiayu, xiaochenjiayu and shangchenjiayu They are Guojiagou, qinjiawa and dashijia in Xinzhuang Town.

2、 Xinzhuang Town of Laicheng district was put under the jurisdiction of Gangcheng district. After the adjustment, the administrative region of Xinzhuang Town will remain unchanged, and the town government will remain unchanged. It has jurisdiction over 68 administrative villages, namely Xinzhuang, Dongxinzhuang, xiazhujiadian, yangjiaheng, lvjiayu, Chadao, shangsanshan, xiasanshan, wangxiangquan, sangxiangquan, liuxiangquan, Xujiadian, Shangchen, Xiachen, Shanghe, beiwangjiazhuang, Caidian, houjiatai, qianchengzi, houchengzi, sangyuan, baizuihong and Yazi Xia, daxujiazhuang, Zhifang, pozhuang, Qiaodian, Houyu, tianjingyu, zhaojiaquan, Xinglongzhuang, Lucheng, nanbuzi, Zhaojiazhuang, miaojiazhuang, nanwangjiazhuang, shangtianzhuang, Peiyu, dongsongjiazhuang, zhujiagou, mobu, dongzhaolin, xizhaolin, yujiaguanzhuang, beishegou, nanshegou, BOLUO, Daguanzhuang, donglaopo, dongtieche, xitieche, Taoke, xuanchegou Langjun, tuanpozi, fuzhuke, kuayu, chengling, shiwanzi, Dagou, peijiazhuang, nanbaotai, beibaotai, Hongya, tuanyuanpo, Xiquan, Beiquan, Taoyu.

Zoning details

As of the revocation of the organizational system < I > (January 2019) < / I >, Laiwu City has jurisdiction over two municipal districts, namely, Laicheng District < I > (now Jinan City < / I > < I > Laiwu District < / I >) < / I >, Gangcheng district (< I > now Jinan City < / I > < I > Gangcheng District < / I >) < / I >, and former Laiwu Municipal People's government at No. 1 Wenhua North Road.

geographical environment

Location context

Laiwu City is located at the eastern foot of Mount Tai, 117 ° 19 ′～ 117 ° 58 ′, 36 ° 02 ′～ 36 ° 33 ′, adjacent to Zhangqiu District of Jinan City in the north, Boshan District and Yiyuan County of Zibo City in the East, Xintai City of Tai'an City in the South and Daiyue district of Tai'an City in the West. The maximum distance between the north and the south is 58 kilometers, and the maximum distance between the East and the west is 56.8 kilometers, with a total area of 2246.21 square kilometers. Laicheng, the seat of the municipal Party committee and government, is located in the middle of the city, 112 kilometers away from Jinan, the provincial capital.

Geology and geomorphology

The geological structure of Laiwu City is controlled by the latitudinal structure in the middle of Shandong Province and the spiral structure in the west of Shandong Province. The main structural trace is fault, followed by fold. The terrain is a semi-circular basin with gentle South and steep north and protruding north. Surrounded by mountains in the north, East and south, the northern mountain range is the aftervein of Mount Tai, the southern mountain range is the Bailai mountain range, the west is open, and the middle part is the low undulating Tailai plain. The mountainous area accounts for 67% of the total area of Laiwu City, the hilly area accounts for 19%, the plain area accounts for 11%, and the depression area accounts for 3%. There are 2989 mountain tops, including 41 with an altitude of more than 600 meters and 227 with an altitude of 200-600 meters. In the north, there are the remaining veins of Mount Tai, with east-west trend. From west to East, there are Sanping mountain and Xiangshan mountain. The southern part is the Yulai mountain, and its strike is roughly parallel to the northern Taishan Mountain. From west to East, there are Lianhua Mountain, dabaoding mountain and so on. All the mountains in the two mountains are steep and strongly cut middle and low mountains. The highest altitude is 994m and the lowest is 148.13m.

rivers

There are 404 Xiaogou rivers in Laiwu City, 98% of which belong to Dawen River system and 2% to Zihe River system. 72 of them are more than 5 km long, of which Muwen river is the longest, 64.5 km. The drainage area is more than 50 square kilometers, less than 100 square kilometers in 9; more than 100 square kilometers, less than 1000 square kilometers in 4; more than 1000 square kilometers in 1, namely Muwen river.

climate

Laiwu has a temperate monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. It is cold and dry in winter, warm and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer and cool and sunny in autumn. In 2010, the annual average temperature of Laiwu was 13.4 ℃, which was 0.4 ℃ higher than the annual average; the annual precipitation was 707.9 mm, which was 12.8 mm higher than the annual average; the total sunshine hours was 2186.5 hours, which was 257.8 mm lower than the annual average