Gleditsia sinensis

Gleditsia sinensis

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Hu Ye Yan Mo, a Li Qu VA, Persian Gleditsia sinensis (Youyang Zazu), a Le Bo (materia medica Collection), Qingxie mountain lentil (pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the fruit of dachshund tree.

[plant morphology] dachshun tree, also known as ox horn tree and yellow locust tree.

Arbor, up to 15 meters high, glabrous. The bark is gray white and smooth. It has double pinnate compound leaves, opposite; petioles and rachis without glandular spots; leaflets are 4-8 pairs, ovate to elliptic, 6-15 cm long and 3.5-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base short pointed, entire, both sides covered with hairs. Flowers axillary, racemes scattered, hanging; sepals 5, long ovate, thin, 1-1.5 cm long; corolla butterfly, petals 5, bright yellow, about 4 cm in diameter, petals ovate, almost equal in size; stamens 10, unequal in length, and incomplete in development, filaments curved, anthers elliptic; pistil 1, ovary almost sessile, style curved, stigma terminal, truncate. Pods cylindrical, dark brown, 30-60 cm long. The seeds are flat, reddish brown, bright, with septa between them. The flowering period is June.

It is cultivated in the south of China.

[collection] the fruits were harvested and dried in September.

[medicinal materials] the dried pods are cylindrical, 30-60 cm long and 1.5-2 cm in diameter, with a sharp tip and a basal stipe sometimes in essence; the surface is dark brown, smooth and glossy, and the ventral and dorsal seams are obvious. Pericarp thin, hard and woody. There are many transverse septa on the inner surface, 1 seed per interval, long and dark petiole attached to the ventral suture. Seeds oblate ovoid, about 8 mm long, 6 mm wide, 4 mm thick, reddish brown, smooth and hard, yellow inside, endosperm horny, embryo curved, sweet and slightly acid, with special odor. It is better to shake the handle, dry and without sound.

[chemical constituents] the pulp contains unsaturated wax, aloe emodin and glucoside containing hydroxymethoxyanthraquinone. The seed contains about 27% gum, which is composed of 24% galactose and 76% mannose. The bark contains 10% condensed tannins, which are composed of 3,4-dihydroxyflavanes, and the leaves also contain these tannins. The bark contains wax and resin, and alebsin is isolated. Xinmu contains alexin, aloe emodin and rhein.

[pharmacological action] fruit or pulp has purgative effect (including anthraquinone glycosides), but large amount can cause nausea, gastrointestinal distension and abdominal pain; antimalarial effect is not constant; peel and bark have no antimalarial effect. The water alcohol extract (1 ml is equivalent to 1 g crude drug) was injected intraperitoneally into mice for 10-20 ml / kg, which can cause poisoning: inhibition, gait instability, dyspnea, and return to normal 24 hours later. It has excitatory effect on isolated guinea pig small intestine and rabbit duodenum. 0.1 ml can inhibit the isolated rabbit heart, but can recover. Intraperitoneal injection of 10 ml / kg could prolong the sleeping time induced by barbital, indicating sedative effect.

The pulp and seeds have antibacterial effect, and can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, diphtheria, typhoid, paratyphoid and Escherichia coli. The water extract of pulp is inferior to the dealcoholic extract. The effect of seed extract is poor.

[nature and taste] "materia medica: bitter, cold, non-toxic. "

[functions and indications] 1. In benrong Shiyi: "it can control the hot wind between the heart and diaphragm, yellow heart, cold and hot bone, and kill three insects. "

② "Haiyao Materia Medica": "it can control fever and lower phlegm, kill insects and dredge meridians. Zi treats infantile malnutrition. If you use it, make it yellow. "

[clinical application] treatment of epigastric pain

Each 10 ml contains about 1 Liang (10 Liang system) of fresh fruit, which is one time. Three times a day, 7 days as a course of treatment. 56 cases of epigastric pain (including gastric and duodenal ulcer, acute and chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal neurosis, etc.) were treated. They all received good analgesic effect. They also had obvious improvement effect on constipation, hyperacidity and anorexia. It is reported that this product is a kind of analgesic and laxative agent, but it has no purgative effect after long Decoction (generally more than 8 hours), but has astringent effect. This product has small toxicity, excessive can cause vomiting. Therefore, it is generally better to use immature fruits.