Cai Ze
Cai Ze
The birth and death are unknown. Yan guogang of the Warring States period (now Wanquan of Hebei Province) is a man who is good at argument and wisdom, and knows well the idea that when the moon is full, it will lose. Fan Ju was recommended by fan Ju to be the Prime Minister of Qin Zhaoxiang for his success because he ordered fan Ju's cunning rabbit to cook. A few months later, he quit his position and settled down in the state of Qin as a petty official. He served as king Xiaowen of Qin, King Zhuangxiang of Qin, and Emperor Shihuang of Qin. He saved himself in troubled times. After King Huiwen, he offered advice to King Zhaoxiang of Qin to alienate the relationship between King Wei Anli and King Xinling, to destroy the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and to become king gang. He lived in the state of Qin for more than ten years. When Qin Shihuang was the first emperor, he once sent an envoy to the state of Yan
Gang Chengjun
.
Life of the characters
Early experience
In his early years, Cai Ze traveled all over the world to study as a teacher and sought official positions from many vassals, but he did not get much attention.
Once he asked Tang Ju to meet him and said, "I heard that Mr. Li Dui would meet him and say that he would be in charge of a country in one hundred days. Is there such a thing?" Tang Ju replied, "there is such a thing." Cai Ze said, "what do you think of people like me?" Tang Ju looked at it carefully, then said with a smile: "Sir, he has a nose facing the sky, shoulders, protruding forehead, a flat nose, and curly legs. I've heard that the saint is not in appearance. Maybe he is talking about Mr Knowing that Tang Ju was joking with himself, Cai Ze said, "I have wealth. What I don't know is the length of my life. I hope to hear from you." "Mr. Tang Ju said," you will have 43 years to live from now on. " Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai Tsai He left Yan state and came to Zhao state, but was driven out by Zhao state. On the way to Korea and Wei, a robber robbed him of his cooking utensils.
Fan Ju
Cai Ze heard that Zheng Anping and Wang Ji, both recommended by Ying Hou, had committed serious crimes in the state of Qin. Ying Hou fan Ju was ashamed and couldn't lift his head. Cai Ze went west to the state of Qin. Cai Ze is going to pay a visit to King Qin Zhao. First, he sends someone to make a statement in front of Ying hou to infuriate Ying Hou, saying: "Cai Ze, a guest from the state of Yan, is a man of great insight and wisdom.
As soon as he sees the king of Qin, he will put you in a difficult position and deprive you of your power. " After listening to these words, Ying Hou said, "I am familiar with the principles of the five emperors, the three dynasties, and the theories of various schools of thought. I can convince them of the eloquence of many people. How can this man embarrass me and seize my power?"
So he sent for Cai Ze. Cai Ze came in and bowed to Ying Hou. Ying Hou was not happy at all. When he met Cai Ze, he saw that he was so arrogant. Ying Hou scolded him and said, "you threatened to replace me as Prime Minister of Qin Dynasty. Has this ever happened?" Cai Ze replied, "yes." Ying Hou said, "let me hear what you say." Cai Ze said, "yo! Why are you so slow to understand the problem! The seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter change in a year. When they have completed their respective missions, they will automatically retreat. Every part of the human body is very strong, with flexible hands and feet, clear ears, clear eyes, and intelligent mind. Isn't this the wish of the scholars? " Ying Hou said, "yes." Cai Ze said: "benevolence oriented, upholding justice, carrying out the right path, and widely giving kindness, are willing to realize their ambition in the world. People all over the world support, love, respect and admire him, and all hope to make him a monarch. Isn't that what the Sophists expect?" Ying Hou said, "yes." Cai Ze also said, "to be rich, distinguished and glorious, to govern all things so that they can be in their proper places; to live a long life and live a safe life without premature death; all the people in the world inherit his tradition and stick to his career, and it will be handed down forever; his reputation is in line with reality, perfect, and his grace is far away. From generation to generation, he has been praised for never breaking away and being as long as heaven and earth Isn't this the effect of carrying out the right way and giving grace widely, and the good fortune and good deeds as the sage said Ying Hou said, "yes."
Cai Ze said: "as for Shang Yang of Qin state, Wu Qi of Chu state, and the literati of Yue State, are their tragic endings enviable?" Ying Hou knew that Cai Ze wanted to use these words to block his mouth, so as to persuade himself, so he deliberately quibbled, "why not? Gongsun Yang, who served Qin Xiaogong, had no two hearts all his life. He devoted himself to the public and did not care for himself. He set up the knife and saw torture to prohibit the treachery and evil, and earnestly discussed rewards and punishments to achieve national peace. He revealed his loyalty, revealed his true feelings, suffered resentment and accusations, deceived old friends, caught Wei Gongzi ang, made the country stable and the people profit, and finally captured the enemy general and defeated the enemy for Qin And opened up a territory thousands of miles away. Wu Qi served Chu and mourned the king, so that private people could not harm the public, treacherous and slander could not block out loyal officials, he did not agree with the public when he talked, he did not protect himself when he did things, he did not change his actions because of danger, and he insisted on righteousness and did not avoid disaster. In this way, in order to make the monarch achieve hegemony and make the country strong, he will never avoid disaster and danger. Even if the monarch was in trouble and humiliated, he still tried his best to be loyal and never slacked off. Even if the monarch was facing the extinction of his country, he still tried his best to save it without leaving. The king of Yue did not boast of his success in restoring his country, nor indulged in his wealth. Like these three gentlemen, they are the standard of morality and righteousness and the model of loyalty and integrity. Therefore, a gentleman who dies in disaster for the sake of righteousness is as good as death. Scholars should have the ambition of sacrificing their lives to achieve fame. As long as it is for the sake of righteousness, there is no regret even if they die. Why not? "
Cai Ze said: "it's a great blessing for the world that the monarch is wise and the officials are virtuous; it's a blessing for the country that the monarch is wise and the officials are upright; it's a blessing for the family that the father is kind, the son is filial, the husband is honest and the wife is loyal. Therefore, Bigan's loyalty could not keep the Yin Dynasty, Zixu's resourcefulness could not save the state of Wu, and Shensheng's filial piety caused great chaos in the state of Jin. These are all cases in which there are loyal ministers and filial sons. On the contrary, the country is destroyed and in chaos. Why? It is because there is no wise monarch and wise father to listen to their voice, so people all over the world think that such monarch and father are shameful, and pity and sympathize with their ministers and sons. Now it seems that Shang Yang, Wu Qi, and the literati were right as ministers, and their monarchs were wrong. So the world says that these three gentlemen have made great achievements, but they can't be rewarded well. Is it envious that they died innocently without being observed by the monarch? If only death can establish the reputation of loyalty, then the neutrino can not be called a benevolent man, Confucius can not be called a saint, and Guan Zhong can not be called a great man. If people want to make contributions, don't they expect to be successful? It's superior that one's own life and reputation can be preserved. It's second-class that fame can be imitated by later generations, but one's own life can't be saved. It's inferior if one's reputation is denounced and one's life is saved. " At this point, Ying Hou spoke well.
Cai Ze grasped the gap of Ying Hou's "benevolence" and said: "Shang Yang, Wu Qi and the literati, as ministers, have done their utmost to establish their loyalty. That's admirable. Hong Yao served King Wen of Zhou, and the Duke of Zhou assisted King Cheng of Zhou. Isn't it true that they have done their utmost to be loyal and full of wisdom? As far as the relationship between the monarch and his officials is concerned, Shang Yang, Wu Qi and the literati are admirable. How about Hong Yao and Zhou Gong? " Ying Hou said, "the literary styles of Shang Jun, Wu Qi and the senior officials are not as good as those of Hong Yao and Zhou Gong." Cai Ze said: "in this case, then your master is kind, benevolent, honest, loyal, honest, and never forgets his old love. He has a very close relationship with those people who are able to understand and understand the truth. He has deep friendship and never betrays his meritorious officials. How about these aspects compared with Qin Xiaogong, Chu mourning king, and Yue king?" "I don't know how," he said Cai Ze said: "today, your people are close to loyal officials, which is better than Qin Xiaogong, Chu mourning king and Yue king. You can exert your talents, try to solve the crisis for the people, renovate the country, calm down the rebellion, strengthen the troops, eliminate the disasters, broaden the territory, grow more grain, make the country rich and strong, enrich the people, strengthen the power of people, improve the status of the country, and show the nobility of the royal family There is no one in the world who dares to invade and offend his own master. The power of the master of man is overwhelming all the princes, shaking all corners of the country. His contributions are made famous in places thousands of miles away. His reputation is brilliant and has been handed down for thousands of generations. How do you compare with Shang Yang, Wu Qi and the literati in these aspects? " Ying Hou said, "I can't match." Cai Ze said: "today, your people are close to loyal officials, and do not forget the old love. They are not as good as Qin Xiaogong, Chu mourning king, and Yue King Gou Jian, and your achievements, trust, and favor are not as good as Shang Yang, Wu Qi, and Fu Wenzhong. However, your official position is very important, and your family is richer than the three of them. If you do not know how to retire, I am afraid you will suffer more disaster than the three of them I feel the danger for you in private. As the saying goes, "when the sun rises to the center, it will gradually slant, and when the moon reaches perfection, it will begin to be deficient.". Things will decline when they reach their peak, which is the rule of all things in heaven and earth. It is the common sense of sages to advance, retreat, stretch and conform to the changes of the times. Therefore, "when the country's politics are clear, it will come out to be an official, and when the country's politics are dark, it will retire.". The sage said, "when the emperor is in power, the person who has done something should help him to repay the negative.". "Wealth gained by improper means seems to me like a floating cloud.". Now that your resentment has been revenged, your kindness has been repaid, and your wish has been satisfied, but there is no contingency plan. In private, I don't think you should take such an attitude. What's more, kingfisher, swan, rhinoceros, elephant and so on
Chinese PinYin : Cai Ze
Cai Ze
Confucius (September 28, 551 B.C. - April 11, 479 B.C.), surnamed Zi, surnamed Kong, named Qiu, with the word Zhongni, was born in zouyi, the state of Lu (now Qufu City, Shandong Province), whose ancestral home is Liyi, the state of song (now Xiayi County.
Communist military guerrilla leader and political commissar. Wang Zhen