Zhan Jingfeng
Zhan Jingfeng (1532-1602) was born in Liutang village, Xiuning County, Anhui Province. In 1567, Zhan Jingfeng was elected in the rural examination. In 1582, he was appointed as a teacher in Macheng, Hubei Province. In 1588, he moved to kongmu of Nanjing Imperial Academy and promoted to the head of Nanli department. In 1595, he was relegated to Baoning, Sichuan Province. In 1598, he was promoted to Pingle Prefecture of Guangxi. He loved calligraphy and painting all his life, and left many calligraphy works handed down from generation to generation.
Life of the characters
In 1567, Zhan Jingfeng won the provincial examination, but later he suffered many setbacks. In his official career, he chose Nanfeng Jiaoyu in Jiangxi Province.
In 1582, he made up for the imperial edict of Macheng, Hubei Province. In 1588, he moved to kongmu of Nanjing Imperial Academy and promoted him to the head of Nanli department.
In 1595, he was relegated to Baoning, Sichuan Province.
In 1598, he was promoted to Pingle Prefecture of Guangxi.
Achievement evaluation
Zhan's activities in the late Ming Dynasty, in poetry, calligraphy and painting and other aspects of fame, at that time, some people put him and the Ming Dynasty's leading figures in calligraphy and painting Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming and so on. However, in today's eyes, Zhan Jingfeng's achievements in calligraphy and painting appreciation are still more than those of Jiahui. On the one hand, he has to learn from his own family, on the other hand, he has to make friends with others.
In 1576, Zhan Jingfeng visited Xiang yuanbian, a great collector of Xiushui (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province), and got a view of Xiang's collection. Then he went to Suzhou, Songjiang (now Shanghai) and Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) to see the collections. During his seven years in Nanjing, he also exchanged art and literature with famous scholars such as Wang Shizhen, Wang Yuanzhen, Chen Wenzhu, Tu Long, etc. in the third year of Baoning, Zhou Lan visited and chanted several times. Rich in experience, good in appreciation.
Zhan Jingfeng's main works include thirty volumes of Dongtu Quanji, sixty-four volumes of Zhan's Xiaobian and ten volumes of Liuwei Jiehua. Among them, xuanlanbian, the last four volumes of Dongtu Quanji, one volume of postscript and two volumes of calligraphy and painting purport are the most detailed. In addition, there are also twenty-five ancient calligraphy and painting books collected by Zhan from Wang Shizhen's calligraphy and painting garden.
Zhan Jingfeng's painting of bells ringing in Spring Creek is collected in Tiandu building, Jinling.
Zhan Jingfeng's artistic creation is calligraphy, among which cursive is the most outstanding.
Zhan Jingfeng's six volumes of cursive poems of Tang Dynasty (700cm × 27cm) is now collected by Tiandu building in Jinling.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, when he compiled the book history society to be continued, Zhu Mou Chuan thought: "Zhan Jingfeng Deep in calligraphy, the use of extraordinary pen, such as the crown of the people, dignified and respectable. If the wild grass has the help of God, it will change a lot, and it will not lose the ancient law. The theorists say that they can have sex with Zhu Jingzhao (Yunming). "This kind of evaluation is obviously very high. He has been regarded as a representative of cursive script in Ming Dynasty. Among Zhan Jingfeng's handed down cursive works, Qian Zi Wen is the most famous one, which was published in Ming Dynasty.
According to the description of the catalogue of ancient Chinese calligraphy and painting published by the appraisal organization of ancient Chinese calligraphy and painting and the Cultural Relics Publishing House, there are three kinds of long volumes of Zhan Jingfeng's cursive thousand character script: one was written in Xia Jun, the 24th year of Wanli (1596), which is now stored in Xiuning County Museum, Anhui Province; the other was written in Ding you, the 25th year of Wanli (1597), which is now stored in Guangdong Provincial Museum; the other is the book Introducer. A volume of Lin Huai Su's Qian Zi Wen, written by Zhan in 1599, is now in Jiangxi Provincial Museum.
There is a section of "the painting of ink bamboo" written by Zhan in front of the handed down volume, and there are two postscripts of Zhan after the payment. It can be seen from the postscript after the volume that this volume was written on the fourth day of December of Ding you (1597) in the 25th year of Wanli period. When it was cold and snowy, Zhan Jingfeng said that "when you brush and inkstone, you don't freeze it." he also felt that "the best guest is sitting, the black salary is in the stove, the tea of the pines is in the pot, and the white fold is in your hand." so he took advantage of the fun to write. The volume consists of 141 lines. The main body, together with the title and paragraph, contains more than 1080 words, which can be read in one day. For this work, Zhan Jingfeng himself is "quite satisfied", so two days later, he wrote a postscript in Seiko small block letters, which said: "there are very few books on Yu's life, Qianwen, and the most recent reason is that he wrote them. However, due to many common things, it will be finished in two or three days.
But this volume is just a fluke, which is considered accidental. So the beginning and the end of the question are two days later. On the sixth day of the lunar new year, Jingfeng. "Ba Zhong" is again titled "Yun Yun" at the beginning and end, and the one at the end of the volume should be "Shang Ba"; the one at the beginning of the volume may be "Mo Zhu Tu" at the beginning of the volume. Shortly after that, this volume was obtained by my elder brother fan Kuifu. On September 13 of the next year, Zhan Fu wrote this scroll in cursive script: "brother Kui Fu Fan got this scroll, held Tianyi Pavilion, and asked for it. Zhan Jingfeng was born four days after the double ninth movement of 1898. "
Since the Southern Dynasties, the "thousand character essay" is the most popular writing content of calligraphers in the past dynasties. QianZiWen itself is a four character rhyme article, which describes the knowledge about nature, society, history, ethics, education and so on. Since Sui Dynasty, especially after Song Dynasty, it has become one of the most popular enlightenment books in ancient China. According to the biography of Zhou Xingsi in the book of Liang, Emperor Wu of Liang ordered Zhou Xingsi to write an article with "a thousand words written by Wang Xizhi in Ziyun" at that time; according to the record of legal records, Wu Ping Yi, the Secretary of Xu's law, after Zhou Xingsi wrote the article, Emperor Wu of Liang ordered Yin Tieshi to "model the trace of cixizhi". Since then, QianZiWen has become a model for later generations to learn Wang Xizhi's calligraphy. Especially after Wang Xizhi's seventh grandson and Sui monk Zhi Yongju wrote more than 800 copies of zhencao Qianwen in Yongxin temple, and each temple in eastern Zhejiang gave one copy, the writing of QianZiWen seems to be a "touchstone" for investigating Calligraphers' skills. The calligraphers of Ming Dynasty liked to copy their predecessors' poems and essays, and they were good at cursive writing. Therefore, there were many people who created cursive writing with thousand character essay as the writing content, but song Ke, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, Xu Wei, Dong Qichang and so on were the famous ones. At that time, Zhan Jingfeng was famous for his cursive thousand character script, which is enough to prove that his cursive achievement is not bad, and his thousand character script is also enough to represent his cursive level, in a sense, it also represents the cursive level of the Ming Dynasty.
As the predecessors have commented, Zhan Jingfeng's cursive script has its own version and many changes. The madness of his cursive script is not only his lax temperament, but also his skillful skill.
Zhan Jingfeng's three long volumes of "thousand characters" in cursive script have been handed down from generation to generation, all of which are wusilan paper copies. Their creation time is only one and a half years ago, but their artistic features are quite different. In other words, in the author's opinion, the artistic level of this volume is the highest among the three volumes. It is more dynamic in the structure. In the main performance of the center pen, the reasonable use of the square pen and the side front in it, and the thick and dull ink color are also natural in the fast writing. This avoids the slippery of writing and enriches the taste of pen and ink. The success of all this is no doubt related to the calligrapher's skillful cursive writing skills, as well as the excellent creative state of "writing with pleasure" and "writing at a stroke" when writing this volume.
Therefore, Zhan Jingfeng himself thought it was "accidental". This shows that in artistic creation, skill is basic, while inspiration is accidental. Only when skill and inspiration are perfectly combined, that is, "heart hand matching", can we "be poor and abnormal, and be reasonable and harmonious on paper".
Although his career is small, his artistic achievement is not low.
His works mainly studied Han Fu, Zhuangzi, Zuozhuan and other pre Qin prose, while his paintings studied the landscapes of Huang Gongwang and Ni Zan in Yuan Dynasty, and he was good at folding flowers. In his later years, he used calligraphy as a painting method, which was handed down from generation to generation;
Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, the father and son of calligraphers, were good at cursive writing and imitated huaisu in their later years. In the range of writing style of seeking novelty and strangeness in their later years, but the meaning was better than the method, and they were often careless. He was even criticized by his contemporaries, Zhou Zhishi, as "a monster, a devil, a God, and a wine shop".
Chinese PinYin : Zhan Jing Feng
Zhan Jingfeng
younger brother of Cheng Hao and forerunner of Zhu Xi. Cheng Yi