Wang ang
Wang ang (1615-1694), a native of Ximen County in Xiuning County, Anhui Province, was a scholar of Zeng Zhong. Because of his poor family, he abandoned his career and decided to study medicine. After 30 years of exploration and research, he worked hard on ancient medical works and combined with clinical practice. His works include the annotation of Suwen Lingshu, the collection and explanation of medical prescriptions, the preparation of Materia Medica, and Tang tou gejue.
Personal profile
Wang ang (1615-1695), whose name is ren'an, was born in Ximen, Xiuning, Anhui Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Wang ang has studied hard since he was a child. He is a scholar in the county. In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, sun Li'ang took the imperial examination for many times, but he wanted to go to the imperial examination.
After the collapse of the Ming Dynasty, with the growth of his age and experience, Wang ang became more and more aware of the corruption of the imperial examination room, and began to hate the imperial examination system. Because of the death of the Ming Dynasty, he felt the rise and fall of the nation. Therefore, in the early years of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, he resolutely abandoned Confucianism and medicine, devoted his life to medical theory research and writing books, and wrote a lot of medical science books And books, popular in the world, become a generation of Xin'an medical masters.
Main contributions
Wang ang paid attention to clinical diagnosis. The first is the syndrome of heavy pulse, the second is the property. Wang thought: medicine is important, not before the pulse, pulse is not true, then the virtual and real indistinguishable, attack and mend recklessly, rarely premature life. Secondly, it should be clear about the nature of the drug. For example, if the disease is in a certain meridian, it should be treated with a certain drug, or if there is a patient who reaches other meridians because of this meridian (preface to materia medica preparation).
In the long practice of medicine, Wang ang found that "ancient and modern prescription (Medicine) books are extremely complicated", but few books annotated for doctors. Since Chen Wuxuan first created the annotation of Zhang Zhongjing's treatise on febrile diseases, there has been no one who followed his heel to interpret the prescription for several days. It brings a lot of difficulties to those who are new to medicine, and it is difficult for doctors to master. In 1682, when Wang ang was 68 years old, he wrote a collection of medical prescriptions.
There are six volumes in the book, which is divided into 21 sections, with a total of 370 prescriptions and 490 additional prescriptions. This book is rich in ancient books. It not only absorbs the advantages of Chen Wuxuan's explanation of Zhongjing in Song Dynasty and Wu Kun's examination of medical prescriptions in Ming Dynasty, but also combines his long-term clinical practice to explain the cause of the disease first, and then explain the meaning of medication. After its publication, it quickly became popular all over the country. In 1935, it was included in the Chinese medical Dacheng by Mr. Cao Bingzhang. From 1959 to 1979, Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House published it seven times. It was listed as a reference textbook by Chinese medicine colleges and universities all over the country. In 1999, the national Chinese Medicine Publishing House included Wang Ang's medical book in the Ming and Qing Dynasties medical Dacheng again, and published it in the Great Hall of the people in Beijing It's the first shot.
Life experience
Wang ang abandoned Confucianism to pursue medicine. He was more than thirty years old, so he was a late bloomer. He abandoned his official career and changed to study arts, believing that "among all arts, medicine is the most important", so he only specialized in medicine. In the absence of teachers, living in remote mountainous areas, relying on their own diligence, extensive reading, assiduous study, and eventually become a generation of famous.
Main works
Wang ang is not only good at clinical practice and devoted himself to the study of medical theory, but also attaches great importance to the interaction of medicine, which is often called "medication is like military use". Although Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty was perfect and comprehensive, it was too numerous, so Wang ang called it "compendium of Materia Medica" because he "collected all kinds of Materia Medica from all over the world, and selected the suitable ones, and all 400 products were collected into small ones".
Materia medica preparation (Volume 4) was completed in 1683. It was examined and approved by Wu Qian, one of the three famous doctors in the early Qing Dynasty. It was widely published in China in 1694, with a total of more than 70 versions. In 1729 (the 14th year of Japan's Xiangbao), it was spread to Japan, and zhilang Uemura published and published the "preparation of Materia Medica" in Japan. After that, Ben Cao Bei Yao was reprinted at least more than 200 times, which had the most profound influence in the contemporary clinical practical materia medica. This book is not only a monograph on pharmacology, but also a good book for learning TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment and legislative prescription. Wang Ang's unique opinions are recorded in the book up to 120 places. For example, he used Cheqianzi, a three Wen traditional Chinese medicine, to cure the sudden diarrhea of Ouyang Xiu (Wenzhong), a scholar of the Imperial Academy in the Song Dynasty. He first put forward the function of human brain in traditional Chinese medicine books. Therefore, he is deeply loved by the medical community and has become one of the necessary learning books for traditional Chinese medicine personnel.
Character evaluation
Wang Ang's life was very complicated, but he never tired of writing books. He wrote books based on the foundation, focusing on popularization, and pay attention to practical, fluent, easy to understand. Wang Ang's life is rich in works, in addition to the "collection of medical prescriptions", "preparation of Materia Medica", but also the "Suwen lingshulei zhuanyue Zhu", "Tangtou gejue", "Jingluo gejue", "pokebaojing Quanshu", "materia medica Yidu" and other books. Compared with the predecessors, these works "are all written in a different style. Don't open the way to the classics. The former sages are the aim of competition, and the door to change will be opened for later generations.".
Wang ang is a famous representative of the popular science and Enlightenment School of medicine in Qing Dynasty.
Main achievements
In the process of studying medicine, Wang ang deeply felt that Su Wen and Ling Shu were "profound in theory and broad in scope", which were the classics that doctors must read. However, the volume is vast, the text is ancient and abstruse, the symptoms and pulse, acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions, and the mistakes are mixed up. Although there are many physicians in the past dynasties to sort out, arrange, revise or annotate Huangdi Neijing (including Suwen and Lingshu Jing), most of the contents are complicated and the key points are not clear, so it is not easy to grasp the main points of the contents. He praised Hua Shou's compiling method of dividing the different contents of Su Wen into 12 items in Du Su Wen Chao in Yuan Dynasty. He imitated the method and selected the main contents of Su Wen and Ling Shu (excluding acupuncture and moxibustion), which were divided into 9 parts, including viscera, meridians, pathogenesis, pulse, diagnosis, luck, treatment, life and death, and miscellaneous theories, Two volumes of Suwen Lingshu Lei Zuoyue Zhu were compiled and published in 1689. He thinks that plain questions has all kinds of methods of treatment, and words are more important than reasoning; Lingshu focuses on acupuncture, meridians and collaterals, and a considerable part of the content is reflected in Shu Shu. Therefore, the original texts are mainly plain questions, with Lingshu as a supplement, but the essence is generally summarized. In order to facilitate readers to consult, the source of the original text of the canon of internal medicine quoted is indicated, so as not to confuse each other. Although there are some deletions in the original chapter of Neijing, the paragraphs are still coherent, and there is no disadvantage of separating the original text. Compared with Shushou's dusuwenchao, it has its own characteristics. After Wang's reclassification and arrangement, the original work is more systematic. Most of the annotations are compiled from the works of Wang Bing of Tang Dynasty, Ma Shi of Ming Dynasty, Wu Kun and Zhang Zhicong of Qing Dynasty. They can express their own opinions in combination with their personal learning experience. In the preface of the book, when he talked about how he compiled the book, he said: "it's complicated, it's fallacious, it's literal, it's unknown, it's doubtful." Most of the arguments are appropriate, trying to elucidate the profound meaning of Neijing. In the course of compiling, he paid attention to the selection of the original text of Neijing (which is of obvious academic value or has guiding significance for clinical practice), and the classification is orderly, and the annotation is simple and clear, simple and concise. Therefore, this book has a great influence in the section annotation of Neijing, and even has been used as the teaching material of Neijing in later generations. The above roughly reflects Wang's attainments and achievements in medical theory.
Wang ang made outstanding contributions to the popularization of Materia Medica and prescriptions, and had a wide influence on later generations. Since the publication of Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (about written in Han Dynasty), there have been many works on materia medica. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica was widely cited, and there were 1892 kinds of drugs in the compendium of Materia Medica. However, the volume of the book is too large to read, which is not convenient for beginners. However, some books, such as Bencao Mengluo and zhizhigefu, are limited to the antithesis of characters, and there are still many problems, so they are not prepared. Moreover, the above-mentioned herbal works only say that a certain medicine is used to treat a certain disease, but do not explain the reason why the main treatment is so. Even those who occasionally explain the nature of the medicine, most of them do not differentiate clearly, and the words are not clear and fluent enough, which affects the popularization of herbal knowledge. In the face of this situation, Wang ang is determined to work hard on the two words "preparation" and "requirement" to compile a special book on Materia Medica, which focuses on the introduction of medicinal properties and indications. He devoted himself to the study of Materia Medica of the past dynasties and learned from various schools of thought. Based on Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica and Miao Xiyong's classic of Materia Medica, he edited the book "preparation of Materia Medica" in 1681. Ten years later, he added more than 60 kinds, which was called supplementary materia medica preparation. It was published in 1694, but later generations still used the old name. The book is divided into eight volumes, the first column of which is "general meaning of medicinal properties", which summarizes the four Qi and five flavors, ups and downs, compatibility, meridian tropism, function, taboo and processing of drugs. After that, more than 470 kinds of drugs were divided into grass, wood, fruit, grain and vegetable, Jinshi water and soil, animal, scale fish and insect and human. Each medicine first distinguishes its Qi, taste, shape and color, and then describes its meridian, function and indications. The "ten Prescriptions" of Xuantong, Tongbu and Xiejiao are first, followed by local products, repair and treatment, and fear of evil. The toxicity, method of administration, diet taboo, time of taking medicine, synonym, efficacy and authenticity of many drugs are also noted
Chinese PinYin : Wang Ang
Wang ang