Qingyang tune

Name of Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Qingyang tune

Applicant: Hukou County, Jiangxi Province

Project No.: 150

Project No.: Ⅳ - 6

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Jiangxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Hukou County, Jiangxi Province

Protection unit: Hukou Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Research Association

Introduction to Qingyang Opera

Applicant: Hukou County, Jiangxi Province

Qingyang tune was formed in Qingyang County, Chizhou City, Anhui Province. Because Qingyang belongs to Chizhou Prefecture, it is also called Chizhou tune or huichiya tune. At present, it mainly exists in Qingyang County of Anhui Province and Hukou County of Jiangxi Province. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Yiyang tune flowed into Qingyang area and combined with local dialect and folk songs to form Qingyang tune. This new tune breaks through the music structure of the combination of Qupai, develops "gundiao", creates the singing form of the combination of tune and gundiao, and pushes the evolution of Chinese opera tune to a new height.

The repertoire of Qingyang opera starts from the southern opera of the yuan and Ming Dynasties, and there are a large number of literati legends down to the later ages. In history, there have been a number of Qingyang opera editions, such as "a branch of the CI forest", "picking Jin Qi Yin", "Yugu Xin Huang" and "Huichi Ya Diao". Now there are 94 large and small Qingyang opera repertoires that can be collected. Qingyang tune is usually accompanied by drums, cymbals, gongs and other accompaniments instead of orchestras. It combines soloist and band tune to sing in unison. At the same time, it uses the method of "roll tune" in singing, and adds "roll white" and "roll sing" in singing to form the characteristics of narration. Its singing is flexible and diverse, and its language is easy to understand, which greatly improves the plasticity and expressiveness of the opera's voice. Qingyang opera inherited the role system of ancient Nanxi opera, including seven trades: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo, Chou, Wai and tie, and later added two roles: Xiao and Fu. His performance emphasizes "civil drama and martial arts singing", which is entertaining, interesting and lively. He often performs skills such as darting knife door, plate suspender, turning platform and jumping fire circle. There are also various paper masks in Qingyang opera, which are very distinctive in dance beauty.

Qingyang opera spread from southern Anhui to Fujian, Hunan, Sichuan, Henan, Shanxi, Shandong and other places, and became the "world fashion", which directly or indirectly affected the formation and development of Anhui opera, Jiangxi opera, Sichuan Opera, Huangmei Opera and other operas, and occupied a prominent position in the history of Chinese opera. However, due to many reasons such as war, pestilence and the impact of foreign culture, Qingyang tune has gradually declined, basically disappeared from the stage and is on the verge of extinction, which is in urgent need of rescue, protection and inheritance.