Yangko (yuanpingfeng Yangko)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yangko (yuanpingfeng Yangko)

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Project No.: 105

Project No.: Ⅲ - 2

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Shanxi Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Protection unit: Yuanping Cultural Center

Introduction to Yangko (yuanpingfeng Yangko)

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Yangko, also known as "twist Yangko", is a representative folk dance form of Han nationality in China. It originated from the working life of transplanting rice seedlings and farming, and is also related to the hymns and songs sung in ancient times when offering sacrifices to the God of agriculture to pray for harvest and disaster. In the long-term development process, Yangko continues to absorb folk songs, folk martial arts, acrobatics, opera and other folk art form skills, and gradually develops from general singing to collective dance performance. Yangko is rich in movements, various in forms, lively, unrestrained and enthusiastic, which is loved by ordinary people. After the Qing Dynasty, it has been widely spread all over the country and has become a popular folk dance style.

Fengyangge is a folk dance popular in Beijia village, Yuanping City, Shanxi Province. It is unique in the national folk dance with its unique performance props, dance form and singing style. The earliest historical record of fengyangge can be found in the sixth year of Guangxu (1880) of the Qing Dynasty. It has been handed down for six generations from the earliest folk artist Li Zhenghuan.

The traditional performance form of Phoenix Yangko is divided into three parts: crossing the street, stepping on the circle and opening the wheel. When crossing the street, it is mainly performed when walking on the street and playing in the square, directed by Shuicheng, and performed by 11 to 15 people. Stepping on the circle is a fixed performance after crossing the street. The waist drum and Gong used when crossing the street are no longer used. Its technique of expression is narrative and endorsement, jumping out and jumping into similar singing, occasionally accompanied by simple gestures. Kaikulu, singing a small folk opera with characters and story plots, in addition, there are also fragments from the opera. The above three parts are not only related, but also independent. There are more than 40 programs in fengyangge, most of which reflect the production and life in rural areas, such as Wufengshan meeting, watching lanterns, and watching the land. In the pure dance performance, the male performers wear a small cap covered with bamboo rings, a special drum on their back, and the female performers play special gongs. The male role should not only throw the elastic bamboo hoop on the hat around the body, but also knock the flower drum on the waist, which is characterized by slow movement, combination of hardness and softness, humor and attraction; the female role is characterized by alternating rock and roll of the head and arms in the process of percussion, which is like a carp swinging its tail, giving people the enjoyment of beauty with exquisite and elegant classical beauty and exquisite artistic temperament I'm not.

The characteristics of Phoenix Yangko are mainly reflected in the bamboo ring throwing hat. Affected by this kind of props, the dance steps of Phoenix Yangko show the characteristics of slow and shaking. Compared with other local operas and folk songs in Shanxi, the singing style of fengyangge is more free, in which a large number of function words are used, and the whole tune shows the characteristics of high pitched, high spirited, slow and long. Phoenix Yangko is often performed together with folk activities such as "Shangyuan", "stepping on the street" and "chasing out the God of pestilence", which almost becomes a part of folk activities. Therefore, it is of great value in the study of folk customs and local history and culture in Yuanping and even northern Shanxi. With the change of social environment and values, the original Pingfeng Yangko is declining day by day. At present, the old artists who can perform this folk dance have died one after another, and their skills are gradually lost, which is in urgent need of rescue and support.