Jingxi Taiping drum (Shijingshan Taiping drum)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jingxi Taiping drum (Shijingshan Taiping drum)

Applicant: Shijingshan District, Beijing

Item No.: 104

Project No.: Ⅲ - 1

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Beijing

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Shijingshan District, Beijing

Protection unit: Beijing Shijingshan District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Brief introduction of Jingxi Taiping drum (Shijingshan Taiping drum)

Applicant: Shijingshan District, Beijing

Taiping drum, also known as fan drum, single drum and sheepskin drum, is a unique folk festival dance in Beijing. It appeared in Beijing area in Ming Dynasty, and became more and more popular after Qing Dynasty. The Taiping drum in the west of Beijing was a kind of collective song and dance from Manchu women in the early stage, and it was not until the early 20th century that men joined in. Taiping drum activities are held from the first day of the lunar month to the beginning of February of the next year, so it is also called "new year drum" in Beijing. Beating the Taiping drum symbolizes peace and happiness in the world, with a special meaning of praying for the new year.

The Taiping drum in Shijingshan has a history of more than 200 years. It is most popular in wulituo, modokou, Beixin'an, Gucheng village and Yamenkou villages in Shijingshan District of Beijing. It is active in January and December every year. Taiping drum is as big as a PU fan, with a drum handle under it. It has a variety of drum shapes, such as round, oblate, trapezoidal, octagonal and so on. It is inherited among the people in three ways, the most important of which is family inheritance, followed by villagers' spontaneous learning inheritance.

Shijingshan Taiping is humorous and full of life flavor, which can show different emotions through rhythm changes. Drum is not only a musical instrument, but also a prop. When performing, it can cooperate with dance organically. It can be played while dancing, and it can also be played between singing. The dancers shake the ring with their left hand and beat the drum with their right hand to make a clear sound. They dance with the rhythm of the drum. The basic rhythm of female dancers is "twist strength" and "tremble strength", while the basic rhythm of male dancers is "fan strength" and "gen strength". Taiping drum music is mainly composed of two parts: drum and tune. There are more than ten kinds of drums, and there are many kinds of techniques to hit Taiping drum, including a series of techniques, such as frontal strike, reverse strike, drum heart strike, drum edge strike, up and down, left and right tremor iron rings, etc.

The Taiping drum in Shijingshan is a part of the Taiping drum in the west of Beijing. It has a long history, wide spread, rich content, unique style, strong regional color, and strong self entertainment. It is deeply loved by the masses and has high folklore research value. It is a symbol of the cultural identity of the people in the west of Beijing and an important means of emotional communication between the villagers. In recent years, the Taiping drum in Shijingshan has gradually lost its performance space, and there is no successor, so it is in urgent need of rescue and protection.