Gongs and drums Art (Kaifeng drum)

Chinese national intangible cultural heritage Name: gongs and drums Art (Kaifeng drum)

Applicant: Kaifeng City, Henan Province

Project No.: 622

Project No.: Ⅱ - 123

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Henan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Kaifeng City, Henan Province

Protection unit: Kaifeng Cultural Center

Gongs and drums Art (Kaifeng drum)

Applicant: Kaifeng City, Henan Province

Gong and drum art is a common form of folk instrumental music in China. It is widely distributed in Hebei, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shanghai, Henan, Hubei, Shanxi and other places. Although the musical instruments used in different places are different, most of them are high volume percussion instruments such as gongs, drums, cymbals and cymbals. The rhythm is more and more vivid, the performance scene is spectacular, and the artistic style is majestic and powerful. They are mainly performed in various folk auspicious occasions and ceremonies.

Kaifeng Pangu, formerly known as "Dagu", is a kind of folk square dance music unique to Kaifeng City. It is closely related to the drum music that spread in Kaifeng from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. Kaifeng drum is a kind of wooden frame flat drum with a diameter of 50 cm and a height of 32 cm, which is like a millstone. A pair of iron rings on both sides of the drum frame are tied with a 2.5-meter long Lapel belt. The performer carries the drum across his left shoulder and carries it on his body, so that the drum is in front of his waist and facing up. The drumstick is made of willow, about the thickness of the thumb, and the wood is hard and tough. This kind of drum was first used in the army. Later, it was combined with folk dance to form a special form of dance performance. The performers dressed up as various figures and performed various dance movements with the accompaniment of drum. Kaifeng Pangu was usually performed in fairs, sacrifices or festivals. It was widely used in folk rituals such as drought resistance and rain seeking in Qing Dynasty.

Kaifeng Pangu has a performance team of more than ten to several hundred people. Under the command of the flagman, the performers either hit the big drum in front of them, or hit the big cymbals, horse gongs and other bronzes, and dance while they are on the move. The whole performance is grand in momentum, strong in rhythm, lively and magnificent, which fully shows the bold and heroic spirit of the people in the Central Plains and has a strong artistic appeal.

Kaifeng pan drum is rooted in the folk and deeply loved by the local people. It has long been active in the five counties of Kaifeng City and the surrounding counties and cities. Together with dragon dance, lion dance, dry boat, bamboo horse and other folk arts, it has become an important part of local people's life, providing an important reference for the study of folklore and the history of national music. However, with the development of the art market, professional or semi professional performance team has been lack of training, capital investment is also seriously insufficient, especially the inheritance work is not carried out effectively, and drum drummers are decreasing. In view of this reality, it is necessary to strengthen the planning and comprehensively protect the ancient Kaifeng Drum Art from the overall situation.