Art of gongs and drums (Changshan battle drum)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: gongs and drums (Changshan battle drums)

Applicant: Zhengding County, Hebei Province

Project No.: 622

Project No.: Ⅱ - 123

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Hebei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Zhengding County, Hebei Province

Protection unit: Zhengding County Cultural Center

Introduction to gongs and drums Art (Changshan battle drum)

Applicant: Zhengding County, Hebei Province

Gong and drum art is a common form of folk instrumental music in China. It is widely distributed in Hebei, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shanghai, Henan, Hubei, Shanxi and other places. Although the musical instruments used in different places are different, most of them are high volume percussion instruments such as gongs, drums, cymbals and cymbals. The rhythm is more and more vivid, the performance scene is spectacular, and the artistic style is majestic and powerful. They are mainly performed in various folk auspicious occasions and ceremonies.

Changshan battle drum is a popular folk performing art of gongs and drums in Zhengding County, Hebei Province. It is named after the fact that Zhengding belongs to Changshan County in history. It has a long history and has a long history. According to the records of Zhengding County annals, Changshan battle drum took shape as early as the Warring States period. During the song and Yuan Dynasties, Zhengding became the national performing center at that time, and the performance of war drum was very mature. After entering the Ming Dynasty, Changshan battle drum became more and more prosperous, forming the characteristics of clear performance routine and large scale, which was widely spread among the people.

Many percussion instruments, such as drums, big cymbals, middle cymbals, small cymbals and small gongs, are used to perform Changshan war drums. There are dozens or hundreds of percussion instruments with various routines, rich contents and various tunes. The performances are majestic, majestic, the drums are compact, the changes are complex, and the sound is loud and loud. Changshan war drums are mostly composed of independent gongs and drums, with a total of 9 chapters and 72 sets, mainly including "Da Zhuan Zhang", "Er Zhuan Zhang", "Mai Da bu", "Xiao Xi Gu", "Er Tiao Jiao", "Bawang Bian", etc. on the basis of traditional tunes, new tunes such as "war drums singing together", "ambush on all sides", "two armies fighting each other" and "victory and triumph" are excavated and sorted out The formation and the Qupai. Changshan battle drum is mainly used in square performance, especially in dongyangzhuang and xiyangzhuang of Nanniu Township, Zhengding County. During the performance, the drummer dances while playing, and the drum cymbals fly up and down. The dance is beautiful, rich in shape, exquisite in technique, and powerful. Changshan battle drum has strict inheritance, which includes two ways: family inheritance and apprenticeship.

Changshan war drum is mostly used for wedding celebration and Festival ceremony, which is an indispensable part of rural cultural life in Hebei Province. It is an important heritage of the traditional cultural forms of Zhengding ancient city, and has the research value of folklore and folk art. At present, with the changes of the times, the aesthetic taste of the people has gradually changed. The performance space of Changshan war drum is shrinking day by day, and the development prospect is not optimistic, so it is urgent to rescue and protect.