Tibetan folk song (Yushu folk song)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan folk songs (Yushu folk songs)

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Project No.: 614

Project No.: Ⅱ - 115

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Qinghai Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Protection unit: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Cultural Center

Introduction to Tibetan folk songs (Yushu folk songs)

Applicant: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Tibetan folk songs are the main form of folk music in Tibetan areas, which can be divided into folk songs (pastoral songs), labor songs, love songs, custom songs and chanting sutras. Folk song is called "La Lu" in Weizang area, "Lu" in Kangba area, and "Le" in Anduo area. It is a kind of free singing song in the mountains. Labor songs are called "Le harmony" in Tibetan. There are many kinds of labor songs, and there are specific songs in almost all kinds of labor. Love songs include love songs and tea songs, while custom songs include wine songs, guessing love songs, wedding songs, arrow songs and farewell songs. Chanting tune, also known as "six character Zhenyan song", is a kind of song sung by Buddhist believers when they worship god Buddha in temples.

Yushu folk songs have a long history and are popular in counties, townships and villages of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. In the traditional sense, Yushu folk songs are composed of "Le", "Lai", "Chuang le", "Jimo", "qiongle", "junle", "Yo La", wedding songs, welcome songs and milking songs. Among them, "qiongle" is a wine song, "junle" is a wall ramming song, "Yo La" is a harvest song; "Le" includes preface song, pageant, dazzle song, ode and other song forms, its connotation is very rich, everything in heaven and earth can be included; "lale" is a mountain song, which is generally named by place name or tribe name, and its main content is to sing the style of hometown and express personal feelings "La Yi" is a love song, which mainly sings about the love between men and women, but it can't be sung in front of relatives and the opposite sex with blood relationship; "Chuang le" mainly shows the free and wandering experience of Rangers, and also involves the love, missing and resentment of men and women; "Jimo" is a love song, which is used by young men and women to predict love. Although these different kinds of Yushu folk songs have different styles and are good at playing, they also have the characteristics of wide range and far-reaching artistic conception.

When singing Yushu folk songs, you can sing by yourself or sing to each other. The structure of Yushu folk songs is generally three paragraphs, the first and second paragraphs are metaphors, and the third paragraph is punctuation, which is the basic expression of Yushu folk songs. "Le" and "Lai" are four sentences with three paragraphs and three sentences with three paragraphs. There are also five, six and seven sentences with seven to eight words in each sentence. "Jimo" is a four sentence one paragraph pattern, each sentence has six characters, with regular rhythm and the same step. The representative works of Yushu folk songs include gejizasongzhang and junseda wazhuoga.

Yushu folk songs are the crystallization of the wisdom and emotion of the Tibetan people in Yushu. They involve the language and customs of the local Tibetans, and are valuable materials for the study of different Tibetan social forms. At present, the spread of various kinds of Yushu folk songs is extremely scattered, which is not conducive to inheritance and promotion. In addition, most of the artists are old and lack of successors. This unique national folk art has begun to fall into a survival dilemma and is in urgent need of protection.