Tibetan folk songs (Western Sichuan Tibetan folk songs)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan folk songs (Western Sichuan Tibetan folk songs)

Applicant: Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Project No.: 614

Project No.: Ⅱ - 115

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Protection unit: Cultural Museum of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (Art Museum of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture)

Introduction to Tibetan folk songs (Western Sichuan Tibetan folk songs)

Applicant: Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Tibetan folk songs are the main form of folk music in Tibetan areas, which can be divided into folk songs (pastoral songs), labor songs, love songs, custom songs and chanting sutras. Folk song is called "La Lu" in Weizang area, "Lu" in Kangba area, and "Le" in Anduo area. It is a kind of free singing song in the mountains. Labor songs are called "Le harmony" in Tibetan. There are many kinds of labor songs, and there are specific songs in almost all kinds of labor. Love songs include love songs and tea songs, while custom songs include wine songs, guessing love songs, wedding songs, arrow songs and farewell songs. Chanting tune, also known as "six character Zhenyan song", is a kind of song sung by Buddhist believers when they worship god Buddha in temples.

Tibetan folk songs in Western Sichuan are created by Tibetan people to disperse fatigue and express their feelings in the process of grazing, cutting salary and working in the field. They are produced and spread in Luhuo County of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and some areas of malkang and Jinchuan of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. It has a long history. According to historical records and folk artists' oral reports, a folk song style named "Lu" appeared as early as before the 8th century, which is the original form of Tibetan folk songs. Tibetan folk song is called "laglu" or "Lu" in Tibetan. It is a pure folk song form, which can be improvised by the singer according to the emotional state.

The rhythm of Tibetan folk songs in Western Sichuan is very free, and the melody structure is basically in the form of section songs. Generally, the above and below two sentences or two to three sentences constitute a section, and the second sentence is repeated or changed repeatedly in singing. The common modes of Tibetan folk songs are Yu, Shang and Zheng modes. The melody is pentatonic scale. The range is very wide and the interval fluctuates greatly. There is a comment of "elegant clouds, natural and unrestrained wind". People call it "Kangba angdi", which means "Kangba flower material folk song", also known as "Kangba ANGREN", which means "Kangba long tune". Its lyrics are mostly three paragraphs, the first two paragraphs often use analogy, until the third paragraph to point out the theme.

The singing of Tibetan folk songs in Western Sichuan seems simple, but in fact it is quite difficult. In the middle of the sentences, there are many dense notes, which make up a variety of sound patterns, which is difficult for ordinary people to control. To really sing Tibetan folk songs well, we need not only a high pitched and sweet voice, but also flexible and skillful singing skills. Tibetan folk songs are the image reflection of Tibetan history and culture, and have high ethnological research value. For a long time, Western Sichuan Tibetan folk songs have been passed on spontaneously among the people. However, in the process of modern civilization, this kind of folk music has no successor and is in a highly endangered state. It is in urgent need of making plans to protect it.