Miao folk song (Miao folk song)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Miao folk songs (Miao folk songs)

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Item No.: 608

Project No.: Ⅱ - 109

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Guizhou Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Protection unit: Leishan County Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Introduction to Miao folk song (Miao flying song)

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Miao people mainly live in Southeastern Guizhou, Guangxi damiaoshan, Hainan Island and the border areas of Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces. Miao folk songs are folk music forms created by Miao people in their long-term production and life. According to their contents, they can be divided into traveling songs (love songs), drinking songs, bitter songs, anti songs, funeral songs, labor songs, current political songs and children's songs And riddle songs, with different tunes. All kinds of folk songs have both traditional lyrics and improvised content. Among them, Miao's flying songs are characterized by high pitched, bold and unrestrained tunes, which are sung in the form of solo, duet and chorus, and are deeply loved by Miao people.

Miao folk song is a unique folk song form of Miao people in Leishan County, which is popular in the Miao residential area of Leishan County in the southeast of Guizhou Province. Miao's flying songs have a long history. From the beginning of Miao's ancestors, they express their feelings and convey information through loud and clear songs.

The core tone of Feige is true voice, which is bright and appealing; the main tune uses falsetto, which is high in tone, full in tone, sonorous and powerful. It vibrates in the forest valley, and its lingering sound is curling and rippling, so it is called Feige.

The rhythm of the flying song is slow and free, the melody is undulating, the breath is extended as far as possible at the long tone, the sentence can be stopped at will, the sliding tone is used in the sentence, the flapping tone is used at the end of the sentence, the falsetto is used at the end of the singing, and a high "AHU" is added, which makes it more enthusiastic and unrestrained. The main content of Feige is to invite relatives and friends, praise each other and express their feelings. Most of them use five character poems to cultivate their feelings. The theme is bright and the form is short. His representative works include "praise hometown song", "blessing the old man song" and so on.

Miao's flying songs integrate Ci, Qu, falsetto, true voice and other factors. By mastering the techniques of rhythm, pause and continuation, they integrate Ci, Qu and tune, which fully embodies the artistic realm of the integration of poetry, music and dance. The lively tone, beautiful melody and direct expression of the flying song show the basic characteristics of the Miao music and give people a strong emotional impact. It has become a window to understand the Miao culture and has important reference value in the research of ethnology, musicology and cultural anthropology. At present, men and women over 30 years old in Leishan area can still sing enthusiastically in the wilderness and at banquets, and young people under 25 are no longer good at this. The development prospect of Miao flying songs is not optimistic, and it is urgent to strengthen measures to protect and inherit them.