Shifan music (Suichang Kunqu Shifan)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Shifan music (Suichang Kunqu Shifan)

Applicant: Suichang County, Zhejiang Province

Project No.: 75

Project No.: Ⅱ - 44

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Suichang County, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Suichang Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Shifan music (Suichang Kunqu Shifan)

Applicant: Suichang County, Zhejiang Province

Shifan music, also known as "Shiban" and "wudui", is named after 10 musical instruments made of silk, bamboo, leather, wood and gold. This kind of music is relaxed and lively, with strong sense of rhythm, harmonious rhythm and pleasant to the ear. It is widely spread in Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places in China. Most of Shifan tunes come from folk ditty and huapai (suona tune). At the same time, they also absorb a lot of nutrients from opera, quyi and song tunes. Their performance forms include sitting, walking and dancing. Generally speaking, they are conducted by the person in charge of the board.

Suichang Kunqu Shifan plays traditional Kunqu cards with folk instrumental music, which is a unique form of instrumental music performance in China. It came into being in the late Ming Dynasty and originated directly from the song score of Zheng (Suzhou) Kun. From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the folk Kunqu Shifan, Kunqu singing troupe and Kunqiang troupe in Suichang were passed down from generation to generation, mainly distributed in Miaogo, Shilian, Dazhe, Hushan and other places in Suichang county.

The musical instruments used in Shifan of Suichang Kunqu Opera include Sheng, flute, Meiguan, Yunluo, flat drum, huqin, Viola (Tihu, a kind of Banhu stringed instrument covered with snake skin), Shuangqing, Sanxian, string instruments (huqin, violin), wind instruments (Sheng, flute, Meiguan), percussion instruments (Yunluo, flat drum) and plucked instruments (Shuangqing, Sanxian), which complement each other and make a difference It shows the preciseness and rationality of band arrangement and musical instrument combination. Among them, the ancient musical instruments such as Meiguan, Viola and Shuangqing are very unique, which are rare in other instrumental music. The performance of Suichang Kunqu Shifan mainly includes the famous Ming Dynasty dramatist Tang Xianzu's Peony Pavilion, zichai Ji, Nanke Ji, Handan Ji, and some other traditional famous Ming and Qing Dynasty Dramas Huansha Ji and Changsheng palace.

In the course of hundreds of years of development, Suichang Kunqu has absorbed a lot of Caokun (the folk Kunqu in Jinhua and other places), but its playing "Peony Pavilion" is not in Caokun. At present, we have collected ten pieces of Suichang folk Kunqu music, including the handwritten copy of "xiangyanxingyun" (93 pieces of Music) signed by Wen in the early Republic of China, the handwritten copy of "Kunshan Yiyun" (1931) signed by Kong I in the 20th year of the Republic of China, and the handwritten copy of "Bai xueyangchun" (22 pieces of Music) preserved by Xiao genqi in the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949) The form of ruler spectrum, work ruler and plate hole record are very standard.

More than ten times of Suichang Kunqu opera has been performed in folk temple fairs, and sometimes in festive occasions. It shows a high value of historical and cultural research from the display content to the form of expression. At present, the cultural connotation of folk culture is gradually weakening, and Suichang Kunqu Shifan has fallen into a declining predicament, which is in urgent need of protection.