Qin An Xiaoqu

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Qin'an Xiaoqu

Applicant: Qin'an County, Gansu Province

Item No.: 765

Project No.: V - 72

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Gansu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Qin'an County, Gansu Province

Protected by: Qin'an Cultural Center

Brief introduction of Qin'an Xiaoqu

Applicant: Qin'an County, Gansu Province

Qin'an Xiaoqu, also known as "Qin'an laodiao", is popular in Qin'an County of Tianshui City and its surrounding areas in the southeast of Gansu Province. It is said that this northwest folk art style was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 500 years.

Qin'an ditty is sung in the local dialect of Qin'an. During the performance, one person plays the middle three strings, two people hold the three strings separately to sing with the Wrestler (bronze bell), or many people hold the three strings, wrestler, four tiles and other musical instruments in turn. Its singing style belongs to the combination of Qupai, which can be divided into "major tune" and "minor tune". The commonly used Qupai include more than 40 pieces, such as "Yuediao", "Yuewei", "chuanziyuediao", "siliuyuediao", "Beigong", "Beiwei", "danbeigong" and "sandaoman". The lyrics of Qin'an Xiaoqu are mostly long and short sentences, including five character, seven character, eight character and ten character sentence patterns. The tunes using long and short sentence patterns include cha'erqu, jiangyexiang, qianbeigong and matoudio. The tunes using seven character sentence patterns include shangshuluo, quditiao and shipian. The tunes using eight character sentence patterns include Le Yile and ten character sentence patterns The most popular tunes are "lower criticism" and so on. The words of the song are concise, rhythmic and easy to read. The form of Ci and Qu is rigorous and the structure is complete. There are strict regulations on the number of sentences and words in each tune, which can not be violated.

The traditional repertoire of Qin'an ditty is accumulated in different historical periods. In addition to the jade wrist topA, which is traditionally created by Hu zuanzong, the originator of the ditty, there are xiaodengke, Zhaojun Hefan, Chongtai zhichai and Boya Fuqin, Wangxiang wobing and Zhuangyuan Jita, which were widely sung since the Republic of China 》"The treasure chest" and so on. In the 1960s and 1970s, Qin'an Xiaoqu was pushed into the "cold palace" and its development stagnated. Since the 1980s, the number of old artists of Qin'an Xiaoqu has been decreasing, and there are few fans left. This valuable folk art form in Northwest China is facing a survival crisis, and it may die out at any time, so it is urgent to rescue and protect.