Yingge Liushu

Name of Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Yingge Liushu

Applicant: Heze City, Shandong Province

Project No.: 758

Project No.: V - 65

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Shandong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Heze City, Shandong Province

Protection unit: Heze Art Research Institute

Introduction to Yingge Liushu

Applicant: Heze City, Shandong Province

Yingge Liushu, also known as "Yingge Liuzi", evolved from the Ming Dynasty Liuzi opera Qupai [Yingge Liuzi], which mainly spread in Southwest Shandong, South Shandong, Eastern Henan and Northern Jiangsu. Cheng mengbu and Cheng zuozhou, the artists of Yingge Liushu in the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods of the Qing Dynasty, are well-known in Luyu, which shows that this style of music art has developed quite mature. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Yingge Liushu combined with Yugu tune, and further derived "Zhuizi Shu".

The earliest known Yingge Liushu artists in Heze, Shandong Province were Zhang Xiazi in Zhongdi circle of Caoxian County in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. After him, a number of Yingge Liushu artists appeared successively, such as Zhang Baoliang, he Lishen, Zheng Yukun, Zheng Haiquan in Caoxian county and Cao Zhitian in Dingtao County. In his later years, Zheng Yukun imparted his skills to Zheng Wenxiang of Cao county and Gao Zhijun of Heze. At present, these two old people are the only inheritors of this rare music in Heze.

In the performance of Yingge Liushu, the two actors play and sing one by one. The singer holds the octagonal drum in his left hand and hits it with his right hand, while the accompanist plays the three string Yinghe. In the early stage of Yingge Liushu's performance, singing was the main form, including jieziyun, Yuediao, pingdiao and so on. The singing music was rich and colorful. In the later stage, the performance turned to white and white, and the music structure also changed into the form of single repetition. Its basic singing style is four sentence, and other singing styles are derived from it. The four sentence tune consists of four sections in each sentence, forming the tone melody of the beginning, the ending and the lining tune, which is full of expressive force.

Yingge Liushu has a wide range of subjects and rich repertoire. Its works are elegant, regular and vulgar, showing a strong local flavor. Its main repertoire includes more than ten medium and long works, such as "Xu xianjiu Lake", "Guan Gong CI Cao", "Long Feng Bangle", "Han Shan Ji", "Yang Zongbao's downhill", and more than 60 kinds of passages, such as "Miao Chang Chan Zi", "juan Ye Ji", "rabbit Guai dangpiao" Books. Yingge Liushu fully reflects the local customs and regional characteristics of Shandong and Henan, which has important reference value in the study of folk art, northern dialect and folklore. At present, there is no one to inherit this kind of music, which is nearly extinct and in urgent need of rescue.