Zhangjiajie Yangxi Opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Zhangjiajie Yangxi

Applicant: Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province

Project No.: 1119

Project No.: Ⅳ - 157

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Hunan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province

Protection unit: cultural center of Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City

Brief introduction of Zhangjiajie Yangxi Opera

Applicant: Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province

Zhangjiajie Tujia Yangxi is a kind of opera based on Zhangjiajie dialect and the combination of Tujia Dashan Haozi and folk songs. It is mainly popular in Zhangjiajie City and its surrounding areas.

Zhangjiajie Yangxi originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years. It belongs to Beilu Yangxi. The stage performance is based on Zhangjiajie dialect, with clear tones and more rhymes. Aria belongs to the structure of folk song style, which is divided into two categories: "zhengdiao" and "Xiaodiao". Men and women regardless of cavity, there are guide plate, rolling plate, scattered plate, shouting, Aizi plate changes. Zhangjiajie Yang opera is different from other local Yang opera in singing characteristics of "golden thread hanging gourd" singing method, that is, the combination of true and false voice in singing, lyrics with real voice, drag with false voice turn high octave. This kind of singing method comes from Tujia people's singing. The performance of Yang opera in Zhangjiajie is characterized by heavy work, less martial arts, more civil drama, family drama, tragedy and rich flavor of life. Dan Jiao is the first in Yang opera. Yang opera is composed of two parts: positive and minor, with 17 tunes. The main part of the aria is sung with a combination of true and false voices. The tail tune suddenly turns up eight degrees, which is called "narrow tone" in the jargon. The flavor of dayongyang opera lies in the narrow tone. Yang of "Yang opera" refers to the fact that Zhangjiajie is located in the Yang of Lishui River, the second is the inheritance and development of Yangchun people, the third is the homophony of "yanghualiu" and "Yang", and "yanghualiu" has the suspicion of lust, so it is named "Yang opera".

With the social change, Zhangjiajie Yang opera is facing the danger of extinction. For example, Ding Zuxue, who has the reputation of "Mei Lanfang in Western Hunan", and some other famous Yang opera masters are on the verge of losing their excellent repertoire and beautiful singing, and there is no one to inherit their art.