Yihuang Opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yihuang Opera

Applicant: Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province

Item No.: 182

Project No.: Ⅳ - 38

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Jiangxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province

Protection unit: Yihuang County Cultural Center

Introduction to Yihuang Opera

Applicant: Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province

Yihuang opera, formerly known as Yihuang ban and Yihuang Diao, is popular in Yihuang, Nancheng, Nanfeng and Guangchang counties in Jiangxi Province, as far as northeast Jiangxi, South Jiangxi and West Fujian. It takes Yihuang tune evolved from Xiqin tune in the late Ming Dynasty as its main singing tune, and absorbs other random tunes and plays in the late Qing Dynasty to form a comprehensive variety of tunes.

There are more than 500 traditional plays of Yihuang opera, but most of them have been lost. Qingguanzhuan, Yaocha Ji, Sanguantang, qishuangpei, siguoqi, xiongbian, qingyangtu, shuanglonghui, shangtiantai, laojuntang, feilongzhuan, yueminglou, jiangdongqiao, Chunqiu Pei, longfengge, torturing Chuntao, baxianpiaohai and selling pears for marriage are all their representatives Sex plays. Some of Yihuang Opera repertoire still retains the early repertoire and ostentation, which is very simple.

The tunes of Yihuang opera mainly include Yihuang tune, Fandiao, suona erfan, xipi Zhejiao, Nanbei Ci, etc. at the same time, it also retains the blowing tune of the Western Qin opera era, commonly known as "flat blowing tune". The singing style of Yihuang opera is primitive and straight, with few and short tunes. Laosheng and laodan use their own voices, while Xiaosheng uses a combination of big and small voices, and the final voice is often raised by eight degrees. Men and women have the same tune.

In modern times, the roles of Yihuang opera can be divided into Zhengsheng, Xiaosheng, Laosheng, Fusheng, Zhengdan, Xiaodan, Erdan, laodan, Dahua, Erhua, Sanhua and Sihua. His performance is rough and simple, rigorous and steady. In some dramas, the characters ride horses without a whip instead of a horse body. Instead, they use the way of yuan and Ming Dramas to tie the shape of a horse on their body and dance with the sound of the horse's hooves played by gongs and drums to make the body of a running horse. This ancient way of performance has long been extinct in other operas, but it is only preserved in Yihuang opera.

According to the research of experts, Erhuang opera originated from Yihuang opera, which occupies a prominent position in the history of Chinese opera. Its formation, development and decline have become an epitome of the history of Chinese opera. Therefore, Yihuang opera is an ideal specimen to explore the evolution of Chinese opera. There are 58 known early repertoires of Yihuang opera that sing Yihuang tune, which makes Yihuang opera the one with the most Erhuang tune in China. In today's society, the survival and development of Yihuang opera are faced with many crises. It is necessary to allocate funds, strengthen publicity, and cultivate successors, so as to make this ancient opera obtain a suitable living environment and remain in the world for a long time.