Badaling Town, Yanqing District, Beijing Municipality

Badaling town

Badaling town is a town under the jurisdiction of Yanqing District in Beijing. It is located at the southernmost end of Yanqing District, at the foot of Badaling Great Wall, adjacent to DAZHUANGKE Township in the East, Nankou town and Liucun town in Changping District in the south, Kangzhuang town and donghuayuan town in Huailai County in Hebei Province in the west, Dayushu town in the north, 12 kilometers away from the urban area and 60 kilometers away from Deshengmen in Beijing. It is a new town approved by Beijing Municipal People's Government in October 1993, covering an area of 96 square kilometers.

The town has 15 administrative villages with a permanent population of 8007 (2017); it was selected as one of the top 100 Chinese cultural towns in 2019 (the first time).

Historical evolution

It was divided into Yanqing District 2 in 1949, Badaling Township in 1953, commune in 1958, lighthouse commune in 1959, xibozi brigade in 1959, xibozi commune in 1961, township in 1983 and Badaling town in 1994. In 1996, it covered an area of 66 square kilometers with a population of 7000. At the end of 2002, it covered an area of 96 square kilometers with a population of 6600,

administrative division

Badaling town has one community (Badaling town community) and 15 village committees: dafutou village, xiaofutuo village, dongcaoying village, chengjiayao village, lipao village, waipao village, Yingchengzi village, xibozi village, Nanyuan village, Donggou village, Chadao village, Shifosi village, Sanbao village, Shixia village and bangshuiyu village.

[2013 code and urban rural classification] 110229102: ~ 001220 Badaling town community ~ 200220 Shixia village ~ 201220 bangshuiyu village ~ 202220 lipao village ~ 203220 waipao village ~ 204220 Yingchengzi village ~ 205220 dongcaoying village ~ 206220 dafutou village ~ 207220 xiaofutuo village ~ 208220 chengjiayao village ~ 209220 Chadao village ~ 210121 xibozi village ~ 211122 Nanyuan village ~ 21212 Donggou village ~ 213220 Shifosi village Sanbao Village

natural environment

Regional location

Badaling town is located in the southeast of Yanqing District, at the foot of Badaling Great Wall, 12 kilometers away from the city center and 60 kilometers away from Deshengmen in Beijing. It covers an area of 96 square kilometers and has a population of 6220 (in 2007). The town government is located in xibazi village.

topographic features

70% of the territory is mountainous, 30% plain and hilly. The terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest, with an altitude of 431m to 1239m. Beijing Baotou railway and 110 national highway, Badaling expressway transit.

Climatic characteristics

Badaling has four distinct seasons. It is located in the upper wind and upper water of Beijing. It has the reputation of "clean air, clean water and pleasant climate".

traffic

Badaling town has convenient transportation, extending in all directions, with Beijing Tibet (formerly Badaling) Expressway and Beijing Baotou railway running through it; the infrastructure in the area is relatively complete, and the investment environment is excellent.

Beijing Baotou railway, 110 National Highway and Badaling tourist highway cross the border.

If you have time and want to experience the fun of self-help travel, you can choose to view the Great Wall by bike, especially in spring, which is a very good and classic cycling outing route. If you are in good health, you are recommended to go in groups.

A 2-day tour is recommended. One way riding takes half a day.

Route description

Flat roads account for the majority, while mountain roads are mainly concentrated from Nankou to Badaling. There is a steep slope near Juyongguan. If it is too steep, you can consider getting off and pushing it up. As the tourist area should pay special attention to tourists and vehicles.

Scenery along the way

Tank Museum, Juyongguan, Badaling.

Economic situation

The vicissitudes of thousands of years have left Badaling rich historical and cultural heritage and unique tourism resources. Badaling town takes tourism as the leading industry, driving industry, agriculture, real estate and other industries. Relying on the unique brand resources of the Great Wall, Badaling town also has rich folk tourism resources, including lipang red apple resort, Chadao Ancient City Resort and Donggou Camouflage Military Camp resort.

The Party committee and government of Badaling town have set up a whole process agency office, namely "one door service hall", to assist in handling all kinds of business procedures, and provide more convenient and efficient services for the masses. Township enterprises have transportation, tourism, commerce, catering services and other industries. Agriculture mainly produces corn and wheat.

tourist resources

There are more than 100 places of interest and scenic spots in the territory, such as the famous Badaling Great Wall and stone carvings, Zhan Tianyou memorial hall, martyrs' cemetery, Great Wall Museum, beacon tower, Shuiguan great wall and 72 Guangou scenic spots. The most famous is Badaling Great Wall.

Badaling is located 60 kilometers northwest of Beijing, 40 ° 25 'n and 116 ° 65' e. it is a mountain pass in the Jundu mountain with many peaks. "Changan Hakka dialect" of the Ming Dynasty says, "the road is divided from then on, extending in all directions, so it is named Badaling, which is the highest in Guanshan.".

The name Badaling was first seen in the long poems of Liu Ying, a poet of the Jin Dynasty, "late to Badaling, Dadan is on" and "out of Badaling". In the Yuan Dynasty, it was called "Beikou" as opposed to Nankou. Nankou is located in Changping County, the northern suburb of Beijing. From Nankou to Beikou, there is a 40 mile long gorge. In the gorge is Juyong Pass, the famous pass of the Great Wall. Therefore, this gorge is called Guangou. Badaling is the highest place in the north of Guangou. Here, the two peaks are facing each other, one is open in the middle, and the situation is extremely dangerous. From Badaling, Juyong Pass is like a hilltop and a well. "The ancients had the risk of mediocrity, not in Guancheng, but in Badaling," he said. The special terrain of Badaling Mountain pass has become a must for military strategists in the past dynasties, and has always been guarded by heavy troops. Badaling became a strategic military area, which can be traced back to the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. According to the records of historical records and the general survey of cultural relics workers in recent years, it has been proved that there was a great wall built in the area of Badaling during the Warring States period. Today, there are still remains of remnant walls and piers. Its trend is roughly the same as that of the great wall of the Ming Dynasty. According to the records of Han Dynasty, there were two Guancheng cities, Jundu and Juyong. According to the notes to the water classic of the Northern Wei Dynasty, "Juyong Pass is in the Juyong boundary, so the name of the pass is the same. In the south, juegu pass is located in the juegu valley. The stone is the site of the pass. It is not a lightness skill that can be promoted Its water calendar mountain south, Jingjun capital boundary Therefore, some experts believe that Juyong Pass was built in the Han Dynasty, and its location was in Badaling. Where does the name of Juyong come from? Qin Shihuang built the great wall and moved a group of poor peasants and prisoners from the south to settle in Guichuan small basin of Jundu mountain. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Guichuan was set up in Juyong county (fangyanqing). The topography and landscape recorded in shuijingzhu are the same as those of Badaling. In the Northern Wei Dynasty 1500 years ago, the Great Wall was built in Badaling. According to the records of Weishu Shizu Benji, in 446, the Tuoba family of the Northern Wei dynasty built the Great Wall to the north of Pingcheng (today's Datong), the capital of the state. It was called "jishangsaiwei". It started from Shanggu Jundu mountain (namely Badaling area) in the East and reached the Bank of the Yellow River in the West. Later, in the sixth year of Tianbao (555) of the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Great Wall was built, starting from Datong in the West and going to Shandong by military capital, extending the Great Wall to the seaside.

Badaling Great Wall was rebuilt in Ming Dynasty.

When Zhu Yuanzhang sent his troops to the northern expedition to capture the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, in the face of the threat of the Mongols, he not only took the initiative to attack, but also set up a defensive war. At that time, all prefectures and counties also built cities one after another. Xu Da, Feng Sheng and others led the army to build the barrier in the north, build the Great Wall, and step up military training in order to prevent the southern invasion of the residual forces of the Yuan Dynasty.

In 1403, Zhu Di, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ascended the throne. In 1420, he moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing. Zhu Di attacked the Mongols for many times. Five times, his troops went deep into the Mongolian Plateau, and the farthest reached near the Nen River in the Soviet Union. After a long period of time, 18 large-scale construction projects have been completed. Finally, a high wall has been built, starting from the Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the East and ending in bulongji in the west of Jiayuguan in Gansu Province in the West. This is what we usually call the great wall that can still be seen now. The Ming Great Wall is more than 14600 Li long, passing through seven provinces, cities and autonomous regions in northern China. No matter from the level of engineering technology and the tight degree of fortification, the former great wall is incomparable. In this sense, it can be said that the Great Wall we see today was built in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, connected with the first emperor of Qin Dynasty and perfected in the Ming Dynasty.

The great wall of Ming Dynasty was no longer a single high wall, but a defense system in depth with "layers of defense". Many walls and passes were built in key areas. Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei and other places have built double lines of the Great Wall, and Shanxi has set up more than four double lines of the Great Wall. In important transportation and military areas, many Guancheng and short walls have been built. For example, in the Shili valley of Yanmen pass, there are 28 stone walls, which can be described as "building barriers every inch of land, building a camp step by step.".

Badaling is the witness of many important events in history. After the first Emperor Qin Shihuang came to Jieshi in the East, he traveled from Badaling to Datong and then drove back to Xianyang. Khitan toured the west, Tiemuzhen entered the pass, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty traveled between Dadu and Shangdu twice a year, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty went to the north and the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty went to war personally Badaling is a must pass. There are countless poems recited by emperors, nobles and literati in the past dynasties. Gao Shi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poems that "juepo is under the water and the mountains are high together". As for those years of ethnic strife, there were even more magnificent historical dramas in Badaling. Two thousand years of history, the rivalry between feudal lords and the change of dynasties, have become the past. Through efforts, the Chinese nation has stood on top of the world, and the Chinese people continue to struggle and move forward. The Great Wall is one hundred thousand li long, with 50 years of culture. The era has entrusted Badaling Great Wall with a new mission. It is like a precious historical monument, standing on the top of the mountains, flashing