Pengbihu Town, Eryuan County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Pengbihu town

Pengbihu town is located in Eryuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is named after the plateau lake pengbihu. It was founded in early December 2005. It is located at the foot of Luoping mountain, 73 km away from Dali City in the north, connected with Yunnan Tibet highway and Sanying town in the East, yousuo and Fengyu in the south, Qiaohou town in the West and Shaxi Town in Jianchuan County in the north. It is the political, economic and cultural center of the county. The town covers an area of 290.33 square kilometers, with 2 communities and 13 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. It is the most special Township in Eryuan County, with communities located in the county and mountain villages 108 kilometers away from the town government.

Historical evolution

In 1950, it merged with Chengbei Township and established the first district of Eryuan County.

From 1951 to 1953, it was one to five townships in the first district.

Yuhu, Jiutai, Fengyuan, Yongqiang and Yunsheng were the five townships in the first district from 1954 to 1955.

From 1956 to September 1958, Yuhu Town, Yongfeng town and pengbi town were established.

In October 1958, the three townships merged to form the pengbi people's commune.

In 1961, it was divided into three communes: Yuhu commune, Chengnan commune and pengbi commune.

In 1963, the commune was merged and changed into pengbi district.

In 1973, the name of the commune was restored and divided into Chengguan commune and pengbi commune.

In 1984, it was renamed Chengguan District and pengbi township.

In 1987, Yuhu town and pengbi Township were established.

In December 2005, pengbi township was abolished, and its administrative area was merged into Yuhu town. Yonglian village committee of Sanying town was put under the jurisdiction of Yuhu Town, and Yuhu town was renamed as pengbihu town.

population

The permanent population of the town was 61951 (2017). There are 13 ethnic groups, including Bai, Han, Hui, Yi, Naxi, Dai, Susu, Tibetan, Miao, Zhuang, Lahu, Buyi and Pumi.

Economics

In 2006, the total rural economic income of shubihu town was 205.52 million yuan, an increase of 10% over the same period of last year, including 142.48 million yuan for the primary industry, 28.55 million yuan for the secondary industry, and 33.48 million yuan for the tertiary industry, an increase of 8% over the previous year. The total investment in social fixed assets is 8.49 million yuan, the grain planting area is 58310 mu, the total output is 24511 tons, the average yield is 420 kg, the per capita net income of farmers is 2260 yuan, an increase of 12% over the previous year. 2450 mu of flue-cured tobacco is planted, the output is 4155 Dan, the average price is 12.23 yuan, the income of tobacco farmers is 3.54 million yuan, and the agricultural special tax of flue-cured tobacco is 470000 yuan. At the end of the year, there were 18192 large livestock, an increase of 9% over the previous year. Among them, there are 2700 live pigs, 5612 sheep, 4406 tons of meat, 11159 dairy cows, 14776 tons of fresh milk, and 78.1 million yuan of total output value of animal husbandry.

In 2006, there were 1 555 non-public enterprises with 2772 employees, 29 private enterprises with 410 employees, and the operating income reached 106.8 million yuan. The total industrial output value is 59.87 million yuan, the total profit and tax is 5.45 million yuan, and the total industrial profit is 4.43 million yuan. The total social income of tourism is 18.98 million yuan.

environmental resource

There are five characteristics of tourism resources: first, charming landscape; second, beautiful plateau lake landscape; third, brilliant and colorful national culture; fourth, rich hot springs; fifth, relatively concentrated distribution of resources.

Pengbihu town has many mountains, many obstacles, lakes, reservoirs, streams and rivers. There is pengbi Lake in the north, lvyintang in the West and Shangcun reservoir in the south. Pengbi lake is as clear as jasper. It is not only famous for its rich production of rare and precious ancient creatures pengbi flower, but also fascinating for the pear garden scenery on the North Bank of the Caspian Sea and at the foot of the bottom valley. Lvyintang - lvshuiyintang is located in Xideng village, more than 2500 meters above sea level. It has the mystery of alpine cold pond. In winter, the mountains around it are full of pink plum blossoms. Shangcun reservoir has a water surface of more than 600 mu. It is close to Shangcun in the East, Songlin in the south, Fengyu River in the West and large paddy fields in the north.

There are abundant geothermal resources in jiuqitai of pengbihu Town, which are naturally exposed on the surface. There are large areas of hot fields, forming a geothermal hot spring landscape of "five steps one soup, ten steps one spring". Deep hot spring tourism projects are developed, such as Dali geothermal country, hot spring club and many hot spring hotels, with various kinds of vacation, recuperation, fitness, bath, hot spring and health food, because there are many kinds of mineral resources in the hot spring Material has the effect of health care.

Pengbihu town is a typical plateau humid monsoon climate, which forms the favorable conditions of no severe cold in winter, no severe heat in summer, mild climate and abundant rainfall. It forms a water country and natural grassland. It integrates cold water and hot water and forms many rare natural landscapes. It is one of the best living environments for human beings.

eating habits

Pengbihu town mainly feeds on rice and wheat. Usually three meals a day. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, there was a wide gap between the rich and the poor. Poor farmers used coarse cereals and vegetables as their staple food. Most of the urban residents buy and eat meat now, and the meat and vegetable mix varies with their family background; in the old days, the farmers used to mainly use vegetables, while the meat of the residents in the town was mainly like beef of the Hui nationality, and pork of other nationalities.

The people in the town are good at making bacon, fried chicken, sausage, salted bow fish, screw sauce, pickled vegetables, marinated tofu, dried bean drum and sour liver. They like to eat fried milk fan, mud spade drill tofu and other flavor dishes. In the town, the common vegetables are: cabbage, green vegetables, radish, eggplant, pepper, green broad beans, soybeans, vegetable peas, poached beans, red beans, flower beans, sheep's eye beans, bamboo shoots, tomatoes, onions, garlic, leeks, potato, taro, sweet potato, Manxi, celery, yam, lily, lotus root, pumpkin, wax gourd, cucumber, mustard, etc. The three rivers of pengbihu pass through, and the fishing products are rich. The local people like to eat fish, including hot and sour fish, frozen fish and so on.

During weddings and funerals, the host families of the Bai and Han nationalities usually treat their guests with eight bowls of vegetables. The Hui people in the town with good family conditions have to slaughter a beef cow every year and marinate the beef into dry beef. Hui people like to drink tea. They have to make a pot of tea for every meal.

The traditional snacks in pengbihu town include new year's cake, yuanxiao, rice flour dumpling, Baozi and rake (fried noodles rake, wheat noodles rake, buckwheat noodles rake and crisp fragrant rake). Baikuai, Baisi, cooked soybean meal, liangxiao, Liangfen. Cakes, cream cakes and instant noodles are becoming popular.

Except for the Hui people, all other nationalities love drinking, and they make Baijiu into papaya, green plum wine, jujube and litchi wine. In the old days, he liked to drink roasted tea.

national culture

song

Bai folk songs are rich in content, wide in theme and long in history. In pengbihu, it is mostly "handiao of pengbihu" (singing in Chinese). Because most of them sing for men and women, they also sing for each other

Bawang whip dance

It's called counterpart folk song. With love as the main content, the traditional tunes include "flower picking tune", "cross tune", "wedding tune", "Acacia tune", "Pan song", etc. The singing level is very high. In general, two sentences are a paragraph, the upper sentence is a positive word, and the lower sentence is a lining word. There are also four sentences in one paragraph. As early as the 1960s, Bai tune was recorded and spread all over China. In festive festivals, wedding banquets and so on, the rural literature and art performance team has performed. With new content, the traditional xiebihu tune has become a new development for singing happy life and publicizing the ever-changing situation of xiebihu.

dance

1. Zhuma Dance: it is called "shuama" and "Paoma dance" by you. It is a kind of folk self entertainment song and dance widely spread among the Bai people.

2. Bawang whip Dance: is one of the most common folk dances. The props are made of bamboo whips. The two ends of the bamboo whips are hollowed out with copper coins. The rhythmic sound of copper coins and percussion sound are produced when they are patted. In the performance, the hands are often pressed and the back is rotated, the hands are clapped to support the back, the feet are clapped to support the toes, the head is clapped to support the neck, and the waist is clapped to support the thighs. It is mainly accompanied by the traditional Bai suona, with percussion music inserted in the middle to highlight the rhythm, so as to set off the dance atmosphere.

Musical Instruments

1. Suona: it is called "Didai" in Bai language. It is a double reed woodwind instrument. The shape can be divided into length, size and bowl mouth, while the system can be divided into seven holes and eight holes (with the back facing one hole). There are two kinds of Suona: Bai suona and Han suona. Bai Suona music is popular in the town.

2. Bawang whip: also known as "gold ruler rod", "money stick", "nine section whip". In order to make a rectangular slot for inlaying copper coin with solid bamboo, the direction of the slot should be wrong. Each stick usually has two or three slots at each end.

Theatre

Blowing: stage performance is more formal, need to set up stage, dress, color face, more in the Spring Festival. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, the blowing tune was popular in yibihu and other places, and the performance activities were more frequent. Due to the death of the old people, there is no such kind of drama in pengbi lake.

celebrity

hero

In history, there are two heroes in pengbihu town.

Ma Dan

(1896-1980), the word Zhipo, Bai nationality, was born in dabigou. In 1913, he joined Dali middle school with his brother Ma Kai. In 1917, he entered the tenth period of Yunnan jiangwudang hall to study military equipment. In 1921, he served as the commander of the guard battalion of the base camp of the Guangzhou revolutionary army, and as the waiting Guard commander of Sun Yat Sen's Grand Marshal mansion. During the war of resistance against Japan, he led the new 11th division of the new 58th army of Yunnan Province to participate in the battle of Changsha and the battle of Chongyang.

Ma Kai

(1895-1975), named Youpo, was born in Daguo, pengbi. Ma Kai joined the national defense army in 1917 and served as the chief of staff of the 99 division of Longyun department in 1927. He participated in the "26" coup that Longyun seized Yunnan. In 1937, when the Anti Japanese war broke out, Yunnan formed a new army. Ma Kai transferred major general of the 60th army to take part in the post of chief Mou and later joined the army