Liaocheng, Gushi County, Xinyang City, Henan Province

Liaocheng

Liaocheng is another name for Gushi County in Henan Province and Huoqiu County in Anhui Province. In Xia and Shang Dynasties, it was the land of Liao state (the old capital of Liao was located in liaochenggang, northeast of Gushi County). In Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the land of Liao, Jiang, Huang, pan and other states. In the middle of spring and Autumn period, Chu destroyed all the States here and built Sixian county. At that time, Gushi was the pan township of Sixian County, also known as suqiuyi.

The origin of Liaocheng

Gushi

In the Western Han Dynasty, the county was established in Panxiang (suqiu). In the second year of Jianwu (AD 26) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiufeng named his brother-in-law, Li Tong, as the Marquis of Gushi, and the name of the county was changed from bed to Gushi. As for the name of Gushi County, it is recorded in the annals of Gushi County in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty: "on the day of justice in historical records, sun shuao granted the name of Gushi by taking the land of sleeping hill and sleeping thin, Li Tongmu received the name of Gushi and Guangwu Jiazhi changed the name to Gushi. Minister's note: the name of the county is the same as that of the Japanese side. Why do you want it to be strong because of the communication with the emperor? " It can be seen that the name of Gushi County takes the meaning of "firm Tongshi" and is still used today. In the southern and Northern Dynasties, wars continued frequently, and Qi and Liang belonged to Yuzhou. Before and after the Northern Qi, Liang and Northern Zhou dynasties, overseas Chinese set up beijianzhou, xincaijun and Huizhou. In the Sui Dynasty, prefectures and counties were abandoned, and they were subordinate to Yiyang County. After the Tang Dynasty, Guangzhou, which was stable and subordinate to Huainan Road, was established. During this period, the commercial city (Yincheng) and Jisi were merged and separated again and again. In the Song Dynasty, Gushi County was subordinate to Guangzhou, Huainan West Road. In yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, they all belonged to Guangzhou. In Qing Dynasty, Gushi belonged to Guangzhou Zhili. During the Republic of China, it was under the jurisdiction of the office of the ninth district administrative inspector of Henan Province. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was attached to Huangchuan special area. In 1952, Huangchuan special area was incorporated into Xinyang special area. In 1998, Xinyang was set up as a city, and Gushi was a county under its jurisdiction. Implemented on June 1, 2011

County directly under provincial administration

System (except that personnel power is temporarily entrusted by Xinyang City, other powers and authorities will be the same as those of provincial cities from now on).

Huo Qiu

Huoqiu County belonged to Huaiyi in ancient times. The geographical location of Shangshu Yugong belongs to Yangzhou. According to Xia Benji in Shiji, Yu Yingliu (surnamed Yan) was granted gaotao by Yu. Zhengyi: "Ying is Liao", which is the state of Polygonum Yu. Yin (Shang) belongs to Xuzhou. Yugong's Guide "Yin cuts the Huainan River and benefits Xu from the north". The Western Zhou Dynasty is still the land of the state of Liao (the old capital of Liao is located in liaochenggang, northeast of Gushi County), which belongs to Yangzhou. In the spring and Autumn period, in the fifth year of Lu Wengong (622 BC), Xie mieliao, the Duke of Chu, established the capital of Liao, which belonged to Chu. Later, it was divided into two parts: Yulou (located near ChenLin town in today's Gushi County) and Jifu (located in Kaishun town in today's Jinzhai County). The Three Kingdoms belong to Lujiang County. Emperor Wen divided Lujiang County into Anfeng county (the old city of public security wind), and Polygonum, Anfeng and Yulou belonged to it. In the eighth year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (588 AD), Anfeng was set up in the county. In the 19th year of kaihuang (599 AD), Huoqiu County (now Chengguan) was set up, which belongs to Huainan County, and Anfeng county was abolished. In the fourth year of Wude (621 AD), Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Huainan Road, and set up liaozhou in Huoqiu County, and Songzi County in 40 Li west of the county. Fengzhenguan belonged to Shouchun county at the beginning. In the first year of Shengong (AD 697), Huoqiu County was changed into Wuchang County, belonging to Shouchun mansion of Huainan road. Jingyun first year (AD 710), renamed Huoqiu County, Huainan road Shouchun county. Zhide first year (AD 756), belongs to Huainan town Shouchun county. Since then, the name of the county has not changed.

Archaeological discovery of "Liaocheng"

Discovery of large-scale sites in Western Zhou Dynasty in Henan Province

Source: Xinhua News Agency

Archaeologists recently found a large-scale site of the Western Zhou Dynasty with an area of about 30000 square meters in gaodunzi village, Gushi County, Henan Province.

According to yuan Guanguang, a researcher of Henan Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, who is in charge of archaeological excavation, a large rammed earth foundation site of the Western Zhou Dynasty (about 11th century bc-771 BC) was found in the site. It is about 64 meters long from east to west, 62 meters wide from North to south, and 2 meters high. In the middle of the foundation site is a large house foundation, surrounded by a circular moat. This is the largest rammed earth foundation site of Western Zhou Dynasty found in Henan Province.

Yuan Guangguang said that according to the literature, in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, there were yellow, pan, Jiang, Liao and other countries established by the Zhou Dynasty in the middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River from the east of Xinyang in Henan to the west of Anhui. The scope of Gushi belongs to the state of Liao in the Western Zhou Dynasty according to the ancient literature, which was called Liao County in ancient times. Today, the large-scale building base of the Western Zhou Dynasty is located on the South Bank of Shihe River, in the southeast of Gushi County, across the Shihe River from Lu'an in Anhui Province. Therefore, the gaodunzi site is probably related to the ancient state of Liao described in the literature.

According to reports, the house foundation found at the site is about 32 meters long from east to west and 5 to 30 meters wide from north to south. If restored, its total area will be about 960 square meters. The southwest and southeast parts of the house foundation are well preserved. In the south wall and living surface, 15 rows of column holes with unequal distance from north to South are found. The whole living surface can be divided into 3 to 4 layers, and more than 200 column holes are reserved. The excavation results show that the house foundation has been repaired many times in the long-term use process. Outside the large rammed earth foundation is a moat, which is about 14 to 16 meters wide and 5 meters deep from the bottom to the earth's surface.

The archaeologists also found a cemetery and ash pit belonging to the Western Zhou Dynasty. This time, seven tombs were excavated, all of which were small in shape. Generally, one to three pieces of pottery were buried with them. In an ash pit, there are bronze knives, pottery models for casting bronze bronze cudgels, and a large number of pottery, such as cudgels, pots, deep belly basins, cudgels, beans, and covers.

Gushi is located in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River, with a large amount of annual precipitation. In addition to political and military reasons, the construction of such a large-scale rammed earth foundation site here in the Western Zhou Dynasty was also related to the prevention of dampness and excessive rain. This not only provides important information for the study of the architectural history of the Huaihe River Basin in the Western Zhou Dynasty, but also provides material materials for the study of the history of this ancient country in the Western Zhou Dynasty.