Sibu Town, Liancheng County, Longyan City, Fujian Province

Sibu town

Sibu town is located in the north of Liancheng County, 24 kilometers away from the county seat, adjacent to Qingliu Changxiao town and Changting Guanqian town. It is a famous historical and cultural town at the provincial level and one of China's four major engraving printing bases in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. At present, 50 ancient bookstores are listed as national protection units.

Sibu town covers an area of 63.44 square meters (2017), with cultivated land of 11092 Mu and population of 13832 (2017).

brief introduction

Sibao is located in the northwest of Liancheng, with an area of 63.44 square kilometers (2017), cultivated land of 11092 Mu and population of 13832 (2017). Sibao was originally under the jurisdiction of Changting and was transferred to Liancheng in February 1951.

Sibao is one of China's four major woodblock printing bases in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is as famous as Beijing, Yangzhou and Hankou. It is also a rare and well preserved cultural site of ancient woodblock printing. The well preserved ancient bookshop, ancient woodblock, ancient books and ancient printing tools are rare and irreplaceable precious historical and cultural heritage, which is known as "the Pearl of Chinese culture".

In 1999, Sibao was approved by the provincial government as one of the first batch of "famous historical and cultural townships at the provincial level". In 2001, its ancient bookshop complex was listed as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. In 2004, the site was listed as the national national national folk culture protection project.

Printing is one of the four great inventions in China. The invention and development of printing in China can be divided into four stages: source, ancient, modern and modern. Sibao engraving printing industry began in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. During the heyday of the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty, there were more than 100 printing workshops, covering villages such as Wuge, Mawu, Shangjian and Yanwu. There were nine categories and more than 900 kinds of books printed. Some forbidden books, such as Jinpingmei, were published in Sibao, and some enlightenment books edited and engraved by local scholar Zou Shengmai The story of children's learning in qionglin, etc. The books have been sold to more than 150 counties and cities in 13 provinces and Southeast Asian countries and regions in China. They have the reputation of "monopolizing Jiangnan and spreading abroad", and have made indelible contributions to the spread and development of Chinese culture.

population

The town governs 136 villager groups in 9 administrative villages with a total population of 18264, including 442 in Huangkeng village, 291 in lakeng village, 2287 in Shangjian village, 2757 in Shuangquan village, 2668 in Siqiao village, 2427 in Tiancha village, 671 in Tuanjie village, 3532 in Wuge village and 3189 in Zhongnan village.

origin

Sibao Tang is called Sibao, and customers from the South call it "four treasures". In Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi carried out the Baojia system and changed Baojia to Baobao. When Baojia was set up in the countryside in 1939, the name of the township was changed to Sibao in order to avoid the disturbance of Xiang and Bao. In 1943, the printing industry was prosperous in history, and the cultural heritage was profound. It was indeed the area of the four treasures of the study. In 1953, it changed its name to "Sibao".

Sibao is one of the four printing bases of ancient books in Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the reign of shaoding in Song Dynasty (1228-1233), Zou Yinglong led his family members to avoid chaos in Sibao of Tingzhou from Taining. Some of his family members had learned engraving skills from Masha of Jianyang. They first came to live in a remote area and used local resources to carve some simple and practical books on Agriculture, animal husbandry, medicine, education, etc. in order to cope with their anxieties. Sometimes they were employed to engrave ancient books for officials in tingjun office Therefore, it was the beginning of engraving printing. Later, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty controlled the southern people more strictly, and the carving art died. In the eighth year of Wanli (1580), Zou Xuesheng, a member of the Li family, returned from Hangzhou to become a hermit. He brought home the lamp arts and books of Suzhou and Hangzhou. He entertained his old age by teaching his children and grandchildren. He built his house at the foot of Aofeng mountain in Wuge village, named Xuesheng Library (later named Qingquan Academy). He studied his children and grandchildren, printed ancient books and raised the age of heaven. The printed books were given to the local scholars, and they were visited and taught by the famous scholars of the four Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, they became an academy and a printing workshop. After his son Zou Ximeng came to pan and was born in Junxiang, he saw that the world was decadent and the officialdom was dirty, so he gave up his fame and devoted himself to spreading Confucianism. In order to carry forward the Chinese culture, he set up a large number of bookstores, set up shops, engraved classics and published history, and prospered the printing industry. From then on, from generation to generation. With the distribution of branches and the separation of residence and production, the number of printing houses increased gradually, and the book edition benefited the public.

By the time of Kang, Qian and Jia in the Qing Dynasty, it had reached its heyday. There were many printing houses with Zou and Ma surnames in the countryside, a large number of engraving plates, numerous bookstores and ancient books. There are more and more kinds of books, such as classics and history, astronomy and calendar, medical divination, imperial examination, legendary novels, etiquette communication, and preschool education. It is widely distributed in Yunnan, and has been sold all over the world for many years. It has been widely spread in Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Along the river, it goes up to Lake, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, and spreads all over the south of the Yangtze river. Then it travels across the ocean and enters other countries. Therefore, it has the reputation of "Zou's book goes all over the world" and is historically known as "the hometown of culture". At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, stone printing, copper plate printing and lead printing competed with each other, and the ancient woodcut books gradually shrunk and finally declined. A large number of engraving plates, ancient books and printing tools have been lost for a long time. Fortunately, people of insight and government departments rescued the case in time, established China Sibao woodblock printing exhibition hall, collected and preserved thousands of woodblocks, hundreds of ancient books and a complete set of printing tools. There are more than 100 former sites of Yinfang in the township.

Due to the need of developing the engraving and printing industry, the ancestors of Sibao paid attention to education, set up family schools, Confucian classics schools and academies, hired famous teachers to teach, and purchased a large number of land as a source of funds for subsidizing and encouraging students to go to school for further study. Therefore, there are many talents in Sibao. After the ancestor of the Zou family in Tingzhou and Zou Yinglong in Song Dynasty, Ma Xun, the right censor and a famous official of Mingdu inspection academy, Zou Xuesheng, the founder of Sibao printing industry and former governor of Hangjia County, Ma Xiang, the famous painter and general of Qing Dynasty, Zou Bincai, the prefect of Xuanzhou, Zou Yunting, the garrison of Funing Prefecture, and Ma Lufeng, the Tongzhi of Xigu Prefecture in Gansu Province, all come from Sibao Fort. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the local emphasis on education is still prosperous. By 2000, there were nearly 200 college graduates and college students in a small mountainous Township with a population of only over 10000. Three of them had obtained doctorates, and many of them went abroad to study.

Due to the development of printing industry, famous owners of workshops and wealthy businessmen developed from printing industry in Ming and Qing Dynasties built many luxurious houses in Sibao, covering an area of thousands of square meters. Almost every village has houses, forming a rare ancient architectural community in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In addition, there are ancient cities built by Luo Tianlin and Chen Jiwan at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zou Yinglong's old residence, yiguanzhong, Zou Gong temple, Dingfu temple, Yesheng temple, Qingquan academy, Guandi temple, Tianhou temple, baiyun temple, Longsheng temple and other places of interest.

geographical position

Sibu Town, located in the northwest of Liancheng County, is the northernmost village in the county. It is adjacent to Beituan in the south, Changting in the west, and Qingliu in the East and North. It belongs to the junction of Ting, Lian and Qing counties.

The town covers an area of 58.78 square kilometers, including 11100 mu of cultivated land, 69000 mu of forest land and 10500 mu of orchard.

details