Wuchang City, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province

Wuchang Wuchang City is one of the two county-level cities under the jurisdiction of Harbin city. It is located in the south of Heilongjiang Province. It is adjacent to Acheng District in the north, Shangzhi City, Hailin City and Dunhua City in Jilin Province in the East and Southeast, Shulan city and Yushu City in Jilin Province in the South and southwest, and Shuangcheng District in the northwest. The total area is 7512 square kilometers. The total population is 918622 (at the end of 2015). It has jurisdiction over 12 towns and 12 townships, with a total of 260 administrative villages.

It is close to zhangguangcai mountain in the East, and Songnen Plain in the West and North. The southeast part of the terrain is high, with many hills and hills, and many gullies. The northwest is a plain area. Datudingzi mountain is 1696 meters above sea level, the highest peak in Heilongjiang Province. The Lalin river flows from southeast to northwest and runs obliquely through the territory. There are Longfengshan Reservoir and Mopanshan Reservoir. It has a mid temperate continental monsoon climate. The average annual temperature is 3 ℃～ 4 ℃, and the average annual precipitation is 500 ～ 800mm. It is rich in forest resources with a forest coverage rate of 42%. The main minerals are coal, iron, manganese, zinc, etc. Labin railway, forest railway, 202 National Highway, 203 provincial highway and 222 provincial highway pass through the territory. Scenic spots include Fenghuangshan National Forest Park, Longjiang Qianchi first waterfall, alpine wetland, etc.

Historical evolution

Before Qing Dynasty

In the summer solstice, it was su Shen.

It was Fuyu in the Western Han Dynasty.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was not auspicious.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Wuchang was called Mojie mansion, which governed Bin County, Hulan and other places and was under the jurisdiction of Bohai State.

In the Liao and Jin Dynasties, peiman, Jiagu and Jin were under the jurisdiction of Shangjing.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it was called Lalin. It was the largest post station from Dadu to Heihe.

In the Ming Dynasty, the narin and Molin River guard stations were established in Wuchang, which belonged to nurgandu.

Qing Dynasty

In the third year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty, Xie Ling was set up in Lalin;

In the 9th year of Qianlong reign, the vice capital of Lalin was set up;

In the 34th year of Qianlong reign, he was reduced to Xieling;

In the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the Wuchang hall was set up,

In the first year of Xuantong, Wuchang government was changed.

the Republic of China era

In the second year of the Republic of China, it was changed into Wuchang county.

In 1947, Shanhe county and Lalin county were established successively. In the same year, Shanhe county was abolished and merged into the fifth Permanent Committee.

After the founding of new China

In March 1956, Lalin county was withdrawn and incorporated into the fifth Permanent Committee.

On August 28, 1993, Wuchang City was established from county to city.

administrative division

Wuchang City has a total of 24 township level administrative regions, including 12 towns (including 2 ethnic towns) and 12 townships (including 3 ethnic townships), including Wuchang Town, Lalin Manchu Town, Shanhe Town, Xiaoshanzi Town, Anjia Town, Niujia Manchu Town, Dujia Town, beiyinhe Town, Chonghe Town, Shahezi Town, Xiangyang Town, Longfengshan Town, Xingsheng Town, Zhiguang Town, Weiguo Town, Changbao town and Mingmin town In addition, there are also shanhetun Forestry Bureau.

Wuchang Municipal People's government is located at 55 Jinshan street, Wuchang town.

physical geography

position

Wuchang City is located in the south of Heilongjiang Province. It is located between 44.04-45.26 N and 126.33-128.14 E. Songnen Plain in the north, 115 km away from Harbin, the provincial capital; zhangguangcai ridge in the southeast, Shangzhi City in the west, Acheng City in the northeast, Yushu, Shulan and Jiaohe in Jilin Province in the west, southwest and south. It is the economic junction of Heiji and Jilin provinces. Covering an area of 7512 square kilometers, the Wuchang region is long and narrow, with northwest tilt.

climate

Wuchang City has a mid latitude temperate continental monsoon climate, with short summer and long winter. When early spring comes, the south of the motherland is covered with green branches, and it is still snowy here. Until the beginning of May, the earth begins to show the atmosphere of early spring. The average temperature in Wuchang City is 3-4 ℃. The average temperature in July is 23 ℃, and the highest is 35.6 ℃. The average temperature in January is - 19.1 ℃, and the lowest is - 45.4 ℃. The annual frost free period is about 130 days. The annual average precipitation is 625mm.

hydrology

Wuchang City has developed water system and dense river network. The average annual runoff is 3.4 billion cubic meters, and the annual runoff depth is 500-100 mm, decreasing from southeast to northwest, 500 mm in Southeast and 100 mm in Northwest. The maximum flood of Lalin River occurred in 1956, and the peak discharge at Wuchang hydrological station was 2470 M / s. The maximum flood of qiniu River occurred in 1960, and the peak discharge at danianzigou hydrological station was 1440 M / s. The annual average sediment concentration is 0.68 kg / m, the annual erosion modulus is 32 t / km2, and the annual sediment discharge is 201 000 t. The maximum ice thickness is 1.13 meters, and the maximum water temperature is 30.6 ℃. The main chemical type of the dangerous water in each river is calcium bicarbonate type, followed by potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium bicarbonate type. The mineralization rate is 0.05-0.43 g / L, which belongs to fresh water. The hardness is 1.12 ~ 1.4 degree, German degree, belongs to the type of extremely soft water, pH value is between 6.7 ~ 7.3, belongs to neutral or weak water. The water temperature is 12-18 ℃. During the irrigation period, the water quality indexes of each river are in line with the national farmland irrigation standards.

geology

The geological structure of Wuchang City is located in two geosynclinal areas, namely, the platform between the Da Hinggan Mountains fold belt and the Changbai Mountains fold belt and the Xiao Hinggan Mountains fold belt. It is adjacent to the west slope of zhangguangcailing in the second uplift belt of Xinhua system in the East and the Songnen Plain in the second subsidence belt in the West. The geotectonics is located in the transitional zone between geosyncline and platform.

landforms

The terrain is a transition zone from mountain area to plain area. Therefore, the geomorphic outline is strictly controlled by the structure, and the geomorphic units are distributed in transitional form.

Another main feature of geomorphology is that the geomorphic units caused by internal and external forces are very obvious. The middle mountain landform is produced by the uplift of crustal movement, while the hill landform is the result of external erosion. All kinds of landforms in the territory clearly reflect the interaction of internal and external forces in the process of generation, development and evolution of landforms.

natural resources

mineral resources

Wuchang City has minerals: iron ore, copper ore, lead-zinc mine, coal mine, pyrite, quartz mine, limestone mine, feldspar mine, crystal mine, serpentine mine, blue iron mine, refractory soil, quartz sand, graphite, asbestos.

water resource

There are two water systems of Lalin River and Ashi River in the territory, with many tributaries, including 15 primary tributaries, 17 secondary tributaries and 325 tributaries. The total length of the river is about 2240 km, and the river network density is 0.3 km / km2.

Biological resources

Botany

Trees: 34 families, 46 genera, 63 species. Among them, there are mainly poplar, willow, elm, Sophora japonica, Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, yellow pineapple, maple, oak, birch, Tilia amurensis, Korean pine, spruce, fir, larch, Scotch pine, etc., as well as a variety of woody plants such as small shrubs, vines, mountain fruits, etc.

Grasses: there are more than 1000 kinds of grasses, such as Folium distichum, crimson, reed, cattail, Echinochloa crusgalli, Eupatorium, Leymus chinensis, sanlengcao, raspberry, Setaria italica, Artemisia annua, Artemisia annua, Artemisia selengensis, Artemisia selengensis, Grifola frondosa, and ephedra.

Medicinal materials: ginseng, Codonopsis, Schisandra, mangshanhong, acanthopanax senticosus, phellodendron, astragalus, safflower, Pingbei, Plantago, Dalizi, chuandilong, Fangfeng, bupleurum, Mutong, Stellera chamaejasme, holly, lily, dandelion, Allium macrostemon, leifuzi, Artemisia argyi, asarum, radix paeoniae rubra, polygonatum odoratum, Baibu, Scutellaria, Artemisia argyi, Xanthium sibiricum, perilla, Artemisia.

Mountain vegetables: agaric, yuan mushroom, yellow mushroom, Hazel mushroom, willow mushroom, pine mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, Pteridium aquilinum, Osmunda japonica, prickly bud, Guangdong cuisine, cat's paw, old mulberry celery, water celery, mountain leek, day lily, dandelion, willow wormwood, small root garlic, bitter mustard, duck celery, old ox file, etc.

Mountain fruit: pear, grape, walnut, hazelnut, pine seed, shandingzi, shanlihong, yuanzao, tray, apricot, etc.

Flowers: lotus, rose, Rhododendron, ice cream, lily, orchid, morning glory, dandelion, Luli, mouse tail, etc.

animal

Mammals: tiger, wolf, bear, wild boar, roe deer, red deer, raccoon dog, mink, lynx, badger, hare, fox, weasel, Swertia deer, vole, squirrel, otter, muskrat, house mouse, hedgehog, pangolin, etc.

Birds: wild duck, crow, magpie, pheasant, swallow, sparrow, cuckoo, owl, warbler, thrush, - dove, eagle, diaoyuliang, cuckoo, pigeon, woodpecker, egret, quail, wax beak, sand chicken (tree chicken), sparrow, pheasant, sparrow, etc.

Fish: carp, crucian carp, catfish, loach, crow Luo, white fish, black fish, dog fish, white swim bladder, silver carp, fat head, Coilia nasus, heavy lip, Aohua, seven star fish, grass roots, etc.

Ostracods: insects, clams, turtles, snails, Squilla, snails, water turtles, etc.

Frogs, frogs, pheasants, toads, rain frogs.

Snakes: Agkistrodon halys, Songhua snake, earth ball, water snake, pheasant neck snake, arrow sweat snake, horse snake (lizard), etc.

Insects: bees, wasps, wasps, butterflies, mantis, dung beetles, flies, dragonflies, grasshoppers, grasshoppers, grasshoppers, mosquitoes, blind flies, crickets, spiders, mole crickets, fireflies, burglars, grass moths, aphids, ground tigers, scarabs, grubs, big sisters (ladybugs), pine caterpillars, Pieris rapae, soil beetles, earthworms, nematodes, ants, scorpion flies, tide insects, clip insects , caterpillars, cockroaches, bedbugs, fleas, lice, etc.

Population nationality

By the end of 2008, Wuchang had a population of 979627, with a birth rate of 12.4 ‰, a mortality rate of 3.8 ‰, and a natural growth rate of 8.6 ‰.

As of 2008, there are nine ethnic groups in Wuchang. There are 740939 Han people, accounting for 85.9% of the total population, an increase of 46.4% over 1964. There are 81989 Manchu people, accounting for 9.5% of the total population, 38.79% more than in 1964. towards