Baiyunebo mining area, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Bayan Obo mining area Bayan Obo mining area is a municipal district of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is located in the north of Yinshan Mountain, with the geographical coordinates of 109 ° 47 '- 110 ° 04' e and 41 ° 39 '- 41 ° 53' n. It is 149 km away from Baotou City in the south, 95 km away from the border between China and Mongolia in the north and 42 km away from bailing temple, the seat of Damao Banner government in the East. It is surrounded by Damao Banner, covering an area of 328.64 square kilometers.

Bayan Obo mining area has 2 sub district offices and 18 neighborhood committees, with a total population of nearly 30000 people (in 2012), including 11 ethnic groups including Mongolian, Han, Hui, Korean, Manchu and Daur. Bayan Obo, also known as "Baiyun bog capital" in Mongolian, means "rich holy mountain". It is a holy land for Mongolian people to multiply from generation to generation. It was first discovered by Chinese geologist Ding Daoheng in 1927. It has more than 41% of the world's total proven reserves of rare earth minerals and 175 kinds of mineral resources such as iron, niobium, manganese, phosphorus, fluorite, etc. it is a world-renowned "rare earth city". After more than 50 years of development, Baotou has become an important industrial town and plays an important role in regional economic development. It is the only county (District) level industrial and mining area among 101 counties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Historical evolution

In history, Bayan Obo has always been a nomadic grassland of northern nationalities. They have been stationed in Hun, Xianbei, Turk, Huihe, Khitan, Nuzhen and Mongolia. In July 1927, Ding Daoheng discovered the main peak iron ore body of Bayan Obo for the first time on his way with the Northwest China scientific expedition. From then on, Bayan Obo began to attract the attention of the world.

In December 1949, at the first national iron and steel industry conference held by the Central People's Ministry of heavy industry, the geological survey of Bayan Obo was determined.

In May 1950, the Central People's government sent the geological survey team of Bayan Obo (renamed 241 geological team in 1952) to carry out a large-scale geological survey of Bayan Obo.

At the beginning of 1953, according to the investigation report of 241 geological team, it was decided to use Bayan Obo mineral resources to establish large-scale iron and steel enterprises in the west of Suiyuan Province, and the work was listed as a key project of the first Five-Year Plan of the state.

In March 1953, in order to cooperate with the investigation and exploration work of the geological team, the business service department of Ulanqab League successively sent business, post and telecommunications, financial and other service teams and mobile personnel to Baiyunebo to serve the geological team.

In May 1955, the people of Ulanqab League set up an office in Bayan Obo.

On March 21, 1956, the general branch committee of organs directly under the Bayan Obo Office of Ulanqab League, a Chinese local organization, was established in Bayan Obo. With the rapid development of mine construction, the number of settled units and inflow population has increased greatly. In September, Ulanqab League Committee began to prepare for the establishment of Municipal Local Party and government organizations under the league's jurisdiction.

On April 11, 1957, the Party committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region approved that the Party committee of Ulanqab League "agreed to formally establish the Bayun City Committee". On August 5 of the same year, it was announced in the party.

On November 15, 1957, Baiyun municipal Party committee was formally formed. Because the plan of establishing municipal local power was not approved by the state, on March 6, 1958, the people's Committee (county level) of Bayan Obo town in Ulanqab League was established.

On May 15, 1957, Baiyunebo town was assigned to Baotou city. On August 28, it was renamed Baiyunebo mining area in Baotou City, and Baiyun municipal Party committee was renamed Baiyunebo Mining Area Committee. After more than 50 years of development, Baiyunebo mining area has become an important industrial town of Baotou city.

administrative division

Under the jurisdiction of two streets: Tongyang road street, mine road street, a total of 7 communities. Mine Road Street jurisdiction Fenghuang community, Baoshan community, bailing community, heinaobao community. Tongyang Road Street governs xikuang community, Xingguang community and Xiangyun community. There is also the area of black brain bag.

geographical environment

geographical position

Baiyunebo mining area is located in the south of Mongolian Plateau, 149 km away from Baotou City in the south, 212 km away from Hohhot City in the southeast and 95 km away from China Mongolia border in the north. Baiyunebo mining area is located in the northwest of Wulanchabu grassland to the north of Yinshan Mountain, which is under the jurisdiction of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The geographical coordinates are 109 ° 47 ′～ 110 ° 04 ′ E and 41 ° 39 ′～ 41 ° 53 ′ n. It covers an area of 328.64 square kilometers, with an urban area of nearly 10 square kilometers and a population of nearly 30000. Baiyunebo mining area is adjacent to Damao Banner in Baotou City, Bayin Aobao Sumu in the East, xinbaolige Sumu in the southwest and Hongqi pasture in the north. The longest distance from north to south is 32 kilometers, and the widest distance from east to west is 18 kilometers.

topographic features

Bayan Obo mining area is located in the north of Yinshan Mountains and the northwest of Ulanqab grassland. In the East and north of the territory, there are plateau hills composed of quartz mine, East jielegle mine, main mine and west mine, with the highest altitude of 1783 meters. In the South and West, there are rolling grasslands. In the middle, there are depressions, with an average altitude of 1605 meters.

climatic conditions

Bayan Obo mining area is located in the south of Mongolian Plateau, which belongs to inland dry climate area. Due to the influence of strong cold air such as Siberia, Lake Baikal and windur Khan, low temperature and less rain, drought and windy, and large temperature difference. It is dry in spring with strong wind and sand, short rain in summer with concentrated sunshine in autumn and long cold days in winter. The average temperature in January is - 16.2 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 35.1 ℃. The average temperature in July is 19.4 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 34.3 ℃. The duration of growing period is 168 days when the daily average temperature is above 5 ℃, and 217.3 days when the daily average temperature is below 0 ℃. The annual average temperature is 2.4 ℃. The first frost is on September 4, and the last frost is on May 12. The gale season is from March to may in spring, with an average of 70 days of gale days above grade 7 every year, up to 110 days. The maximum wind speed is 28 m / S (Grade 10), and the annual average wind speed is 5.5 m / s. The annual average sunshine time in autumn is 3240.4 hours. From the perspective of climate conditions, Bayan Obo is rich in wind energy and solar energy.

mineral resources

Baiyun is rich in mineral resources. It is the largest comprehensive iron fluorine rare earth deposit in China, rich in iron, fluorite and rare earth. Rare earth ore and niobium ore resources rank first in China, and quartz, phosphate, copper, gold, potassium rich slate and limestone ore have industrial mining value. Bayan Obo iron mine and heinaobao iron mine are the main industrial bases of Baotou Iron and Steel Group and rare earth production raw materials. By 2012, the proven reserves of iron ore, niobium and rare earth are about 1.4 billion tons, 6.6 million tons and 100 million tons respectively.

Baiyun is a world-renowned "rare earth city" with more than 41% of the world's proven reserves of rare earth minerals and 175 kinds of mineral resources such as iron, niobium, manganese, phosphorus and fluorite. After more than 50 years of development, Baotou City has become an important industrial town and plays an important role in regional economic development.

In October 2020, Bayan Obo mine, the world's largest rare earth mine, has been mined as iron ore for more than 60 years.

Economics

finance

The Bayan Obo mining area is guided by the scientific outlook on development, with rapid, coordinated and healthy development of economic and social undertakings. In 2009, the GDP reached 1.892 billion yuan, an increase of 18% over the same period last year; the total fiscal revenue reached 336.57 million yuan, an increase of 20.13% over the same period last year; the investment in fixed assets reached 1.91 billion yuan, an increase of 30.3% over the same period last year; the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 25061 yuan, an increase of 12.81% over the same period last year. The main economic and social indicators have fulfilled the targets and tasks of the 11th five year plan ahead of schedule.

As of 2011, the economy of Bayan Obo has developed rapidly and the people's living standard has been continuously improved. The GDP of the whole year was 76.26 million yuan, accounting for 103.76% of the annual plan, 12.08% higher than 68.04 million yuan in the same period of last year, 2.18 percentage points higher than that of the whole city; the total export volume of foreign trade was 608000 US dollars, accounting for 152% of the annual plan, accounting for 51 million yuan in the same period of last year, accounting for 19.23% higher than that of the same period of last year The government revenue was 22.51 million yuan. After deducting the incomparable factors (7 million yuan of tax arrears returned by Baotou Steel) for the construction of Bao Bai highway, 15.51 million yuan was actually completed, accounting for 107.04% of the annual plan, an increase of 12.39% over 13.8 million yuan in the same period of last year.

Industry

The total output value of industries at and above the township level reached 62.58 million yuan in the whole year, an increase of 6.65% over 58.68 million yuan in the same period of last year; the comprehensive index of economic benefits of industrial enterprises reached 99.45%, an increase of 1.64 percentage points over 97.81% in the same period of last year, which was the best level during the Ninth Five Year Plan period; the added value of industries at and above the township level reached 26.65 million yuan, an increase of 12.4% over 23.71 million yuan in the same period of last year; the total output value of industries above the quota level reached 26.65 million The annual output value (constant price) is planned to be 15.5 million yuan, 15.528 million yuan, 100.18% of the annual plan, an increase of 5.2% compared with 14.76 million yuan in the same period of last year; the annual added value of industries above quota is planned to be 5.4 million yuan, 5.804 million yuan, 107.48% of the annual plan, an increase of 12.7% compared with 5.15 million yuan in the same period of last year; the comprehensive economic benefit index of industries above quota is planned to be 86%, reaching 8.8% in the whole year 13%, 2.13 percentage points higher than the annual plan.

Sociology