Jinnan District, Tianjin Municipality

Jinnan District Jinnan District is one of the four ring districts in Tianjin. It is located in the southeast of Tianjin and on the South Bank of the downstream of Haihe River. It is known as the "Golden Triangle" of Tianjin. With a total area of 387.84 square kilometers, it governs eight towns, two streets and one office.

Jinnan District is adjacent to Tianjin port in the East, downtown area in the west, Dagang Petrochemical Industrial Zone in the south, Haihe River in the north, accounting for 32 kilometers of the middle and lower reaches of Haihe River comprehensive development. It is located on the main axis of Tianjin's economic development. It is an important area to undertake the urban functions of the central city and the industrial functions of Binhai New Area. Gegu town in the East is an important part of Binhai New Area.

In 2018, the region's GDP (local caliber) was 74.918 billion yuan, 3.0% lower than that of the previous year at comparable prices.

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

Jinnan District is located in the southeast of Tianjin, facing the Bohai Sea, backed by the urban area, radiating North China and defending the capital.

According to archaeological excavation, the shell dyke in the area was formed 3400 years ago. After retreating from the sea to the land, the Yellow River moved to the channel, and the fishing and salt operations were carried out, the economy became prosperous.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Qi. In the 23rd year of Duke Huan of Qi (663 BC), it belonged to the state of Yan. In the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Guangyang county. From 202 B.C. to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it belongs to Bohai county and Zhangwu County. The northern and Southern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty belong to Zhangwu County, Fuyang County, Cangzhou. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, it belonged to Yingzhou, Cangzhou and Lucheng county.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Qingchi County of Cangzhou, Hebei Road (later called gaoyangguan Road). Jinmingchang four years (1193), belong to Hebei East Road Qingzhou Jinghai County.

In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1265), it belonged to Jinghai County, Hejian Road, Qingzhou, Zhongshu province. Ming Dynasty, Hejian Prefecture is Jinghai County. In 1725, xianshuigu belonged to Jinghai County, while gegu and Xiaozhan belonged to Cangzhou. In 1999, xianshuigu, gegu and Xiaozhan were transferred to Tianjin county from Jinghai and Cangzhou respectively. There was no great change during the period of the Republic of China.

In May 1945, the Anti Japanese armed forces established Jinnan County, which consists of five districts and is located in the third district, under the ninth special office of Jizhong administrative office. In September, Jingu county was established, with six districts located in three, four, five and six districts. In the same year, the fifth and sixth districts merged with the third and fourth districts to establish the third and fourth joint districts, and the subordinate relationship remained unchanged.

In January 1946, Jingu county was merged with Jinnan County, which was called Jinnan county. There were nine districts under it, located in eight or nine districts. In September, Jinnan county was transferred from Jizhong district to Bohai District, which is the first special office of Bohai administrative office.

In August 1948, Jinnan county was divided into Jizhong district from Bohai Sea, belonging to the eighth special office of Jizhong administrative office. In December, Jinnan county was abolished and Tianjin county was established. Xianshuigu is a county with three cities and five districts. It is located in xianshuigu, gegu, Xiaozhan city and No.2, No.3 and No.4 districts.

In August 1949, three cities were abolished and changed into three towns, merging with the district. Located in the second, third and fourth districts, the subordinate relationship has not changed.

In October 1949, it belongs to Tianjin special administration of Hebei Province.

In July 1950, Tianjin county was divided into seven districts, located in the first, sixth and seventh districts.

In April 1952, Tianjin county was assigned to Tianjin city.

On May 15, 1953, the southern suburb of Tianjin was established under the jurisdiction of Tianjin.

On June 17, 1955, the southern suburb of Tianjin was renamed the southern suburb.

On September 13, 1958, the southern suburb was abolished and merged into Hexi District.

On February 1, 1962, the southern suburb was separated from Hexi.

On March 6, 1992, the southern suburb was renamed Jinnan District, and its subordinate relationship remained unchanged.

In 1999, Jinnan District governed 10 towns and 173 administrative villages including xianshuigu, gegu, Xiaozhan, Shuanggang, Xinzhuang, Nanyang, shuangqiaohe, beizhakou, Balitai and Shuangzha.

In 2000, Jinnan District had jurisdiction over 10 towns.

In 2001, the township division of Jinnan District was adjusted. By the end of 2001, Jinnan District had jurisdiction over eight towns: xianshuigu Town, Xiaozhan Town, gegu Town, Shuanggang Town, Balitai Town, Xinzhuang Town, beizhakou town and shuangqiaohe town.

At the beginning of 2004, Jinnan District had jurisdiction over eight towns: xianshuigu Town, beizhakou Town, Xinzhuang Town, Balitai Town, Shuanggang Town, Xiaozhan Town, gegu town and shuangqiaohe town.

As of October 2019, Jinnan District has eight towns under its jurisdiction: xianshuigu Town, beizhakou Town, Xinzhuang Town, Balitai Town, Shuanggang Town, Xiaozhan Town, gegu town and shuangqiaohe town. Two streets: Shuangxin street and Shuanglin street. One office: Changqing office.

administrative division

As of 2014, Jinnan District has jurisdiction over eight towns: xianshuigu Town, gegu Town, Xiaozhan Town, Shuanggang Town, Xinzhuang Town, shuangqiaohe Town, Balitai town and beizhakou town; one office (town level, but not Street Office): Changqing office. There are 173 administrative villages in Jinnan District.

As of October 2019, Jinnan District has eight towns under its jurisdiction: xianshuigu Town, beizhakou Town, Xinzhuang Town, Balitai Town, Shuanggang Town, Xiaozhan Town, gegu town and shuangqiaohe town. Two streets: Shuangxin street and Shuanglin street. One office: Changqing office. The district government is located in Balitai town.

geographical environment

Location context

Jinnan District is located in the southeast of Tianjin, on the South Bank of the downstream of Haihe River. It is one of the four ring districts of Tianjin, and an important channel connecting the downtown area and Binhai New Area. It borders Tanggu District in the East, Dagang District in the south, Hexi District and Xiqing District in the west, and Dongli District across the Haihe River in the north. Changqing office in the west is located in the boundary of Hexi District, and gegu town in the East is an important part of Binhai New Area. Xianshuigu Town, where the district government is located, is one of the satellite towns in Tianjin. It is 12 kilometers away from the Central District of Tianjin, 30 kilometers away from Tianjin port, 20 kilometers away from Tianjin Binhai International Airport, 27 kilometers away from Tianjin railway station, and 12 kilometers away from Beijing Tianjin Tangshan Expressway. It only takes one hour's drive to Beijing. Jinnan District is 25 kilometers long from east to west and 26 kilometers wide from north to south. The total area is 420.72 square kilometers.

landforms

The land in southern Tianjin was gradually formed in a long historical period. Two billion years ago, the southern part of Tianjin was a vast ocean, until 5000 years ago. Over a long period of more than two billion years. After 83 times of land and sea changes, especially in the Middle Pleistocene of the Quaternary, the Bohai Sea was formed, due to the global climate change and the rise and fall of the ocean surface.

climate

The climate of Southern Tianjin belongs to warm temperate semi humid monsoon continental climate, with sufficient light, significant monsoon, four distinct seasons and the same period of rain and heat. It is windy in spring, dry and rainless; it is hot in summer, with concentrated rainfall; it is high in autumn, with pleasant air; it is cold in winter, dry and with little snow. The annual average sunshine hours is 2659 hours, the annual average temperature is 11.9 degrees, the annual average frost free period is 206 days, the annual average ground temperature is 14.5 degrees, the annual average precipitation is 556.4 mm, and the annual average relative humidity is 64%.

Population nationality

By the end of 2012, the resident population of Jinnan district was 665 thousand and 500, with 415 thousand and 200 registered residence. The annual birth population was 4994, including 3531 with one child and 1217 with two children. The fertility rate was 98.8%, and the sex ratio at birth was 110.8. There are 17 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, Manchu, Mongolian, Korean, Zhuang, Miao, Tujia, Yi, Uygur, Bai, Buyi, Dong, Hani, Dongxiang, Yao and Naxi.

In 2018, the whole district had 896 thousand permanent residents and 471 thousand and 800 registered residence population. The annual birth population was 5545, including 2482 with one child and 1949 with two children.

natural resources

water resource

Water resources in southern Tianjin are mainly composed of precipitation, surface water storage, groundwater and external water. The annual average atmospheric precipitation in Jinnan District is 556 mm, and the runoff depth is 140.5 mm and the water yield is 58 million cubic meters according to the 50% guarantee rate; the runoff depth is 84.9 mm and the water yield is 27 million cubic meters according to the 75% guarantee rate. The actual water storage capacity of Jinnan District water conservancy project is 5.3 million cubic meters. Due to the loss of evaporation and leakage, the actual water used for irrigation is only about 4 million cubic meters.

The area is adjacent to the Haihe River in the north and machangjian River in the south. In history, it has abundant water resources and is well-known as the land of fish and rice in the north. Due to the treatment of Haihe River, the emphasis on the elimination of harmful factors and the improper distribution of water for profit, the water supply in the area became difficult after 1970. In order to ensure the irrigation needs of vegetable fields, Tianjin municipal government allocates a certain amount of water index to the district every year. From 1983 to 1990, a total of 366 million cubic meters of water was transferred, with an average of 45.75 million cubic meters per year. When the rainy season comes, the passenger water can only be discharged because of its very small storage capacity. When the rainfall is concentrated and the passenger volume is large, in order to ensure the safety of Tianjin, we can only endure the pain of flooding farmland without draining water to Haihe River.

land resource

The land use survey in 1991 showed that the total land area of Jinnan District was 578567.6 mu. Among them, cultivated land is 269653.1 mu, accounting for 46.6% of the total area; garden land is 4907.8 mu, accounting for 0.8% of the total area; forest land is 589.7 mu, accounting for 0.1% of the total area; unused land is 23529.5 mu, accounting for 4.1% of the total area; residential land and industrial and mining land is 96447.2 mu, accounting for 16.7% of the total area; water area is 167324.1 mu (including rivers, reservoirs, ponds, reed land, etc.), accounting for 28.9% of the total area; traffic land is 16116 mu 2 mu, accounting for 2.8% of the total area.

In 1995, agricultural production was mainly concentrated