Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province

Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County, an Autonomous County under the jurisdiction of Tongren City, Guizhou Province, is located in the northeast corner of Guizhou Province, the north of Tongren region, and the lower reaches of Wujiang River. It is located in the northeast slope of Guizhou Plateau, the crisscross zone of Dalou mountains and Wuling mountains, with warm and humid climate, simultaneous water and heat, and synchronous light and temperature. The county covers an area of 2468.8 square kilometers, with jurisdiction of 4 streets, 17 towns, and 2 townships; The registered residence population was 690 thousand and 800 in 2018.

Along the river Tujia culture, red culture, Wujiang culture. Wujiang River flows 132 kilometers along the river, known as "Wujiang Baili Gallery", is a national scenic spot and Water Conservancy Scenic Spot; Mayang river black leaf monkey reserve is the habitat of national first-class protected animals black leaf monkey and a variety of rare animals and plants treasure house, is the world's largest distribution of black leaf monkey species, is the National Nature Reserve; the Qiandong revolutionary base centered along the river is the National Nature Reserve As one of the eight revolutionary bases, the Revolutionary Committee of Qiandong special zone is the first red regime on the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. Its former site is a key cultural relic protection unit of the state. In March 2019, it was selected into the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas and counties. In July 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

In 2018, Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County achieved a GDP of 11.018 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.8% at comparable prices. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 3.146 billion yuan, up 6.6% year on year; the added value of the secondary industry was 2.042 billion yuan, down 0.2% year on year; the added value of the tertiary industry was 5.830 billion yuan, up 14.7% year on year. In 2019, Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County will achieve a GDP of 12.345 billion yuan.

Historical evolution

Yanhe is a part of Southern Xinjiang of Ba state in the spring and Autumn period.

The Warring States period belonged to Chu and once entered Qin Dynasty. Qin Dynasty belongs to Qianzhong county.

The Western Han Dynasty belonged to Youyang County first, then Fuling county. The Eastern Han Dynasty belonged to Fuling county and Yongning County respectively.

Shu Han Dynasty set Hanfu County in the county, Yanhe County belongs to Hanfu county and Wanning county respectively.

In the first year of Taikang (280), Fuling county was transferred to Hanfu (now Hongdu along the river), and in the third year of Xianhe (328), Fuling county "died of manliao".

In the fourth year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (564), Fuling was very handsome, and Tian Sihe attached his land to the Zhou Dynasty. In the first year of xuanzheng (578), Feizhou was set up along the river. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yanhe belonged to Qianzhou and Feizhou respectively.

In the 19th year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (599), Zhaowei zhelao was ordered to set up Wuchuan County, which is located on the East Bank of Yanhe County.

According to the annals of Yuanhe County in the Tang Dynasty, "Neijiang River, a Fuling River (Wujiang River), is located in the west of the county. Because of the name of Sichuan, it is called Wuchuan County." In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, ran Anchang, the Zhaowei envoy of Qianzhou, took Wuchuan County as an important road, and asked him to set up the county governor. In 621, ran Anchang set up Wuchuan County in the county, changed it into Wuzhou, led Wuchuan County, Fuyang county and Fuchuan County, and took ran Anchang as the governor. In 630, Zhenguan changed Wuzhou into Sizhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Sizhou was changed into Ningyi County, leading the three counties of Sichuan, Siwang and siqiong. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), it was renamed Sizhou. In Tang Dynasty, it is said that Sizhou governs the land on the East Bank of Yanhe County, which is the same city as Wuchuan County, and on the north side of Yanhe County.

In the early Song Dynasty, along with the system of Tang Dynasty, the economic system states which could not be ruled by officials were listed as Huawai States, Jimi states were set up, and local officials were appointed to manage them.

In 976, Zhao Yanpu, Marquis of Yu, was appointed as the governor of Sizhou. The native Tian people were not attached to him. The imperial court listed Sizhou as huawaisi, changed the state of Jingzhi to Jimi, and appointed the native leaders to manage it. In the first year of Daguan (1107), Tian Yougong asked for the attachment and was willing to serve Wang min. In the eighth year of Zhenghe (1118), the imperial court set up Sizhou and led the three counties of Wuchuan, qiongshui and Anyi. Szhou and Wuchuan County were moved to Heyeping in the north, and then to the former DURU county.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Yanhe County was the residence of Tusi.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Yanhe Youxi long lawsuit was set up to govern the West Bank of Yanhe County. It was not until the third year of the Republic of China that Yanhe County was changed to Yanhe County.

Hongdu county was established in the second year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (619) along the northern part of Hebei Province. It was subordinate to Qianzhou and got its name from Hongdu mountain. Hongdu county was abolished in the eighth year of Jiayou of Song Dynasty (1063).

In 1914, Houping county was set up in the north of the county. In 1941, Houping county was abolished and merged into Yanhe County to the east of Jinzhushan and Wuchuan county to the West. In 1942, when Guizhou provincial government adjusted counties, Houping county was merged into Yanhe County and Wuchuan County, forming today's Yanhe County.

On December 29, 1949, Yanhe was liberated.

In November 2020, Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County officially withdrew from poverty-stricken counties.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1950, the county was divided into districts, townships, villages and groups. Yanhe County was divided into 10 districts and 25 townships;

In 1953, it was adjusted to 10 districts and 112 townships;

In 1956, it was divided into 9 districts and 68 townships. In 1958, the people's commune, which integrates government and society, was established. Yanhe County consists of districts, communes, production teams and production teams. Yanhe County is divided into 9 districts and 64 towns;

In 1959, the district was changed into a commune and the commune into a management area;

In 1961, the commune was transformed into District, the administrative district into commune, and Yanhe County into 9 districts and 35 towns;

In 1963, it was adjusted to 9 districts and 62 towns.

In 1984, the government and society were divided into townships, communes, production teams and villager groups. Yanhe County was divided into 10 districts and 61 townships.

On October 7, 1986, the State Council approved the abolition of Yanhe County and the establishment of Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County.

On November 23, 1987, Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County was officially established, with nine districts, one district level town, 59 townships and two township level towns.

In October 1992, the district was withdrawn, townships merged and towns established. Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County has 12 townships and 10 towns.

In February 2015, township offices were withdrawn, towns and sub district offices were established, and 20 towns and 2 sub districts were set up in Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County.

In October 2019, the people's Government of Guizhou Province approved Yanhe County to set up Youxi street from Tuanjie street, Qitan town and Zhongjie town.

Zoning details

As of November 2019, Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 17 towns and 2 townships

4 streets: Heping Street, Tuanjie street, Shasha street, Youxi street;

17 towns: Zhongjie Town, Qiaojia Town, Jiashi Town, Ganxi Town, Qitan Town, Heishui Town, Banchang Town, Guanzhou Town, tudiao Town, quanba Town, Zhongzhai Town, Siqu Town, Huangtu Town, Xinjing Town, Ketian Town, Hongdu Town, Tangba town

2 townships: Xiaojing Township and Houping Township

geographical environment

Location context

Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guizhou Province, under the jurisdiction of Tongren City, in the middle and lower reaches of Wujiang River at the junction of Guizhou, Chongqing, Hunan and Hubei provinces (cities). The river crosses 108 ° 03'49 ″～ 108 ° 37'53 ″ E and 28 ° 12'45 ″～ 29 ° 05'23 ″ n, 98.28 km long from north to South and 53 km wide from east to west. It borders Xiushan Tujia Miao Autonomous County and Youyang Tujia Miao Autonomous County in the north and Songtao Miao Autonomous County, Yinjiang Tujia Miao Autonomous County, Dejiang County and Wuchuan Gelao Miao Autonomous County in the South and West to be connected. The total administrative area is 2468.8 square kilometers, accounting for 1.4% of the total area of Guizhou Province and 13.7% of the total area of Tongren City.

topographic features

Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County is located in the northeast edge slope of Guizhou Plateau, the interlaced zone of Dalou mountains and Wuling mountains. The Wujiang river divides Yanhe County into northwest and southeast parts from south to north. The northwest part belongs to Dalou mountains and the southeast part belongs to Wuling mountains. There are 8815 peaks, with an average of 3.6 mountains per square kilometer. The highest altitude is 1462m and the lowest is 225m. 9%, 27% and 3. 1% respectively. Karst area accounts for 72.5% and non karst area 27.5%.

climate

Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid climate zone. The average annual temperature is 13-18 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1050-1220 mm, and the annual sunshine is 1100-1400 hours. The climate is warm and humid, the water and heat are synchronous, and the light and temperature are synchronous. It is suitable for the growth, development and reproduction of a variety of animals, plants and microorganisms.

hydrology

The rivers in Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County belong to the Wujiang River system of the Yangtze River Basin. There are 26 rivers including Wujiang River and its tributaries Hongdu River, Anxi River, Baini River, Batuo River, etc. the total length of the river is 548.7 km, and the river network density is 22.2 km per 100 square kilometers, 5.1 km more than that of the whole province. The main stream of Wujiang River is 132 kilometers long in the county, with a theoretical water energy reserve of 994000 kilowatts. The theoretical water energy reserves of 25 small and medium-sized rivers with a length of more than 10 kilometers or a catchment area of more than 20 square kilometers are 97800 kilowatts.

natural resources

water resource

The dynamic reserves of groundwater in Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County are 343 million cubic meters, 413.5 million cubic meters in wet year, 332.7 million cubic meters in normal year, 271 million cubic meters in dry year and 202.4 million cubic meters in extremely dry year. The regional distribution of groundwater is consistent with precipitation, and the north is more than the south. The water yield per square kilometer is 20000 cubic meters more than 120000 cubic meters in the Yangtze River Basin. The groundwater is abundant. The water temperature ranges from 8 ℃ to 20 ℃, and the hot spring water temperature can reach 55 ℃.

plant resources

In Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County, there are Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Dictyophora indusiana, frozen fungus, Hericium erinaceus and poria