Xinxian County, Xinyang City, Henan Province

Xinxian Xinxian, which belongs to Xinyang City, Henan Province, is located in the south of Xinyang City, the hinterland of Dabie Mountains and the junction of Hubei and Henan provinces. With a total area of 1612 square kilometers, the county governs 15 townships and 1 Street, and the county government is stationed in Xinji Town. In 2017, the total population of the new county was 370700, with a permanent resident population of 283600. Xinxian is located in the transition zone from the north subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone, which belongs to the continental humid monsoon climate.

In December 1947, according to Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping's proposal, the "Jingfu county" was changed to "new county", which means that the people get a new life and live a happy life. In July 1998, Xinyang district was abolished and prefecture level Xinyang City was set up. Xinxian county was attached to Xinyang City. The provincial highway Zhai (he) Tan (Shugang) highway and Nanxin (Yang) Ye (Ji) highway meet in Xinxian County, and the national highway 106, Daqing Guangzhou Expressway and Beijing Kowloon railway pass through Xinxian county. On August 1, 2018, the Standing Committee of Henan provincial government approved the new county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county. On September 26, 2018, Xinxian won the title of "China's natural oxygen bar" in 2018. In December 2018, it won the title of the second batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties. In 2018, the national health county (township) was reconfirmed. Xinxian is a famous old revolutionary base area and general county in China. It is the hometown of 93 generals and leading cadres at or above the provincial and ministerial levels, including Xu Shiyou, Li Desheng, Zheng Weishan, etc. There are more than 200 revolutionary historical sites and monuments such as the former residence of General Xu Shiyou.

In 2018, the GDP of Xinxian county was 14.1 billion yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 5.435 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3% and 10.6% respectively; the investment in fixed assets increased by 12%; the local public budget revenue was 606 million yuan, an increase of 21.2%; and the per capita disposable income of residents was 18959.8 yuan, an increase of 9.1%.

Historical evolution

From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the state of Xian and later to the state of Huang; from the Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Qin and later to the state of Chu; after Qin unified the whole country, it belonged to Jiujiang County in the north and Nanjun and Hengshan County in the south.

During the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangxia County; during the Three Kingdoms period, it was the frontier of the state of Wei; in the north, it belonged to weiyiyang County; in the south, it belonged to weiyiyang county first and then to wuqichun county. In the Jin Dynasty, the northern part belonged to Yiyang County of Yuzhou, and the southern part belonged to Yiyang County and Xiyang County; in the northern and Southern Dynasties, the northern part belonged to Yiyang County and Guangling County of Yuzhou, and the southern part belonged to Xiyang County and Hengzhou County of Yuzhou.

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the northern part of Guangzhou was Guangshan County and Xianju County, the southern part was Macheng county and Tingzhou Macheng County, and Guangzhou was subordinate to Huainan road; in the Song Dynasty, the northern part was Guangzhou junguangshan County, the southern part was Macheng County, and Guangzhou was subordinate to Huainan West Road; in the Yuan Dynasty, the northern part was Guangshan County of runing Prefecture, and the southern part was Macheng County of Huangzhou road.

In the Ming Dynasty, Guangshan County belonged to runing Prefecture of Henan Province in the north, Macheng County belonged to Huangzhou Prefecture of Huguang Prefecture in the south, and Huang'an County belonged to Huangzhou Prefecture in the southwest.

In the Qing Dynasty, Guangshan County belonged to runing Prefecture of Henan Province in the north, Macheng County belonged to Huangzhou Prefecture of Hubei Province in the south, and Huang'an County belonged to Huangzhou Prefecture in the southwest.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, Guangshan County in Henan Province was in the north, and huangdedao in Wuhan, Hubei Province was in the south. Later, it was changed into Edong road and Jianghan Road. In October 1933, in order to strengthen the rule over the border region of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, the Kuomintang government set up Jingfu County, which was subordinate to Huangchuan special district and later the ninth administrative supervision district of Henan Province, with the name of Jingfu county and Xinji Town as the administrative center. On August 28, 1947, after Liu and Deng conquered the new collection, Jingfu County patriotic democratic government was set up. In December, according to Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping's proposal, the "Jingfu county" was changed to "new county", which means that the people get a new life and live a happy life.

In October 1949, after the founding of the people's Republic of China, it belonged to Huangchuan special zone.

In December 1952, Xinxian county was merged into Xinyang district along with Huangchuan district.

In July 1998, Xinyang district was abolished and prefecture level Xinyang City was set up. Xinxian county was attached to Xinyang City.

administrative division

As of October 2019, the new county has jurisdiction over 1 Street, 5 towns and 10 townships: Jinlanshan street, Xinji Town, Shawo Town, wuchenhe Town, Suhe Town, balifan Town, huwan Township, Zhouhe Township, Doushanhe Township, Qianjin Township, Kafang Township, guojiahe Township, Chendian Township, jianchanghe Township, sidian Township and Tianpu township. The county government is stationed in the new market town.

geographical environment

Location context

Xinxian is located in the southeast of Xinyang City, Henan Province, the hinterland of Dabie Mountains and the junction zone of Hubei and Henan provinces, between 114 ° 33 ′～ 115 ° 12 ′ E and 31 ° 28 ′～ 31 ° 46 ′ n. It borders Shangcheng County in the East, Macheng county and Hongan County in Hubei Province in the south, Luoshan county and Dawu County in Hubei Province in the west, and Guangshan County in the north. It is 61.6 kilometers long from east to west and 40.7 kilometers wide from north to south, covering a total area of 1612 square kilometers. The county is 440 km from Zhengzhou and 116 km from Xinyang in the north, 170 km from Wuhan in the South and 301 km from Hefei in the East.

geology

The geotectonic unit of Xinxian is a part of the Huaiyang shield of the Dabie Mountains, which was gradually uplifted and folded into a mountain system in Paleozoic.

topographic features

The outline of Xinxian county is approximately rectangular. The main vein of Dabie mountain passes through the middle of the county, which is like a roof. There are three peak areas in the back, namely east, middle and West, forming a W-shaped terrain. The Yangtze Huaihe River watershed is formed by the main vein of the Dabie Mountains. Lingnan belongs to the Yangtze River Basin and Lingbei to the Huaihe River Basin.

The highest point in the new county is huangmaojian in the south of the county, with an altitude of 1011 meters; the lowest point is the exit of Huanghe River, with an altitude of 60 meters; the relative elevation difference is 951 meters. The average altitude is 350 meters. Divided by altitude and relative elevation difference, the area of deep mountain area is 1.5515 million mu, accounting for 66.2% of the total mountain area, and the area of shallow mountain area is 792 million mu, accounting for 33.8%. There are 14 towns with relative height difference above 500 meters and 3 towns with relative height difference below 500 meters.

climate

Xinxian is located in the transition zone from the north subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone. It has a continental humid monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and sufficient light. The annual average precipitation is 1313.8 mm, sunshine hours is 1742.3 hours, relative humidity is 77%, and frost free period is 243.7 days.

hydrology

The total length of rivers over 5 km in Xinxian county is 684 km, and the river network density is 0.6 km per square kilometer. The annual average surface runoff is 973 million cubic meters, and the groundwater reserve is 360 million cubic meters. There are 6 major water systems and 92 large and small rivers in the territory, among which Huanghe River, Bailu River, Zhaihe River, Zhugan River, doushui River and JuShui River are the major rivers.

soil

The soil in Xinxian county can be divided into three soil types and seven sub types, of which yellow brown loam is the most widely distributed and has the largest area. It is suitable for forest in mountainous area, rice, wheat, rape and other crops in farmland.

population

By the end of 2017, the total population of Xinxian county was 370700, including 191800 males and 178900 females. The permanent population is 283600, including 134700 in towns and 148900 in villages.

natural resources

Biological resources

As of 2014, there are 1296 species of animals in Xinxian County, including 2 species newly recorded in China and 68 species newly recorded in Henan Province; 3 species of national first-class protected animals, 23 species of national second-class protected animals and 8 species of key protected animals in Henan Province; 2389 species of plants, including 24 species of national rare and endangered protected plants, 23 species of national key protected plants and 22 species of key protected plants in Henan Province.

Xinxian county is rich in chestnut, gingko, tea, Camellia oleifera, Chinese herbal medicine, wild vegetables and kiwifruit. Its quality and output rank first in Henan Province. Gingko is one of the four major bases of gingko in China, known as "hometown of chestnut" and "hometown of gingko". There are 300000 mu of Cunninghamia lanceolata, 320000 mu of chestnut, 75000 mu of tea and 30000 mu of ginkgo forest in the county. There are leopard, giant salamander, deck turtle, pangolin and other national first-class protected animals; there are more than 2100 kinds of plants on the mountain, including fragrant fruit tree, Davidia involucrata, water pine, Lysimachia, ginkgo and other rare tree species.

mineral resources

Xinxian county has more than 40 kinds of proven mineral resources. It is the county with the largest reserves of granite and quartzite in China and one of the important natural rutile producing areas.

water resource

Water resources in Xinxian county mainly depend on natural rainfall. The theoretical reserve of hydropower in the county is 56000 kW, of which 20000 kW can be developed, and 4700 kW has been developed and utilized, accounting for 23.5% of the total. The average annual surface runoff of the county is 973 million cubic meters, and only 160 million cubic meters are developed and utilized, accounting for 16.4% of the total.

Economics

overview

In 2018, the GDP of Xinxian county was 14.1 billion yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 5.435 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3% and 10.6% respectively; the investment in fixed assets increased by 12%; the local public budget revenue was 606 million yuan, an increase of 21.2%; and the per capita disposable income of residents was 18959.8 yuan, an increase of 9.1%.

primary industry

The agriculture of Xinxian county is mainly forestry. In 2005, the area of cultivated land was 198000 mu, accounting for 8.2% of the total area of the county; the area of mountain farm was 1.88 million mu, accounting for 77.8%; the area of water area was 67300 mu, accounting for 2.78%. The forestry land is 1.62 million mu, accounting for 67%, with 5.86 mu per capita. There are 1.59 million mu of forest land in the county, accounting for 98% of the forest land, including 790000 mu of timber forest, 450000 mu of economic forest, 110000 mu of firewood forest, 210000 mu of protective forest, and 1.81 million cubic meters of standing trees. There are 22 state-owned forest farms, more than 700 village run forest farms, and more than 1000 household or joint household run forest farms in the county