Ningguo City, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Ningguo City, formerly known as Ningyang, is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province and managed by Xuancheng City. It is located in the southeast of Anhui Province, at the northern foot of Tianmu Mountain and the upper reaches of Shuiyang river. It is between 30 ° 16 ′ - 30 ° 47 ′ N and 118 ° 36 ′ - 119 ° 24 ′ e. the terrain is high in the South and low in the north, undulating in the East and West, with an altitude of 300-500m. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. By the end of 2019, Ningguo City has jurisdiction over 6 streets, 8 towns and 5 townships; the municipal government is located in Xijin street; the total area of the city is 2487 square kilometers; and the permanent resident population is 399000.

Ningguo City takes the meaning of "the first common thing comes from qiangua of Yi, Xianning of all countries", which means "the hometown of hickory in China", "the hometown of Yuanzhu in China" and "the hometown of Qianhu in China". The three rivers of Dongjin, Zhongjin and Xijin pass through the city. In October 2020, it was awarded the title of "the fourth batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties" by the Ministry of ecological environment; in November, it was selected as the sixth national civilized city.

In 2019, Ningguo's GDP will reach 36.73 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP will reach 91546 yuan according to the average annual resident population.

Historical evolution

The name of Ningguo comes from qiangua of Yi: "the first common thing is Xianning.". It means Bangning, Guotai and long-term stability. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, they successively belonged to Wu, Yue and Chu.

Qin belongs to Zhangjun (Zhangxian County, now Zhangwu Town, northwest of Anji, Zhejiang Province).

In the second year of Yuanfeng of Han Dynasty (109 BC), it belonged to Wanling County of Danyang county (zhiwanling, now Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province).

In 208, the 13th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Quan divided Wanling County into Huaian County and Ningguo County, which were subordinate to Danyang county. During the reign of Emperor Wu Jing (258-263), it was transferred to Guzhang County.

In the second year of Taikang (281) of the Western Jin Dynasty, Xuancheng county was divided into Danyang county and Ningguo County.

The northern and Southern Dynasties followed the old system.

Sui kaihuang nine years (589), and Huaian, Ningguo County into Xuancheng county.

In 620, Xuancheng county was restored to Huaian County and Ningguo County, belonging to Xuanzhou. Wude was incorporated into Xuancheng County in the seventh year. Since then, Huai'an county has not been set up. Tang Tianbao three years (744), to the original Huaian, Ningguo two counties to Ningguo County, Xuancheng county.

Xuanzhou belonged to Five Dynasties and ten states. The Northern Song Dynasty belonged to Xuancheng county. In the second year of Qiandao in the Southern Song Dynasty (1166), it belonged to ningguofu (governing Xuanzhou, now Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province). In 1277, Kublai changed his mansion to Lu, and Ningguo belonged to Ningguo road. In 1357, Zhu Yuanzhang changed his mansion to Lu, and Ningguo returned to Ningguo road.

The Ming and Qing Dynasties are closely related. The first year of the Republic of China (1912), the abolition of the government, Ningguo directly under Anhui Province.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), it belonged to Wuhu Road. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), it belonged to the chief magistrate of Xuancheng county. In November of the same year, it belonged to the ninth administrative supervision district. In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), it belonged to the sixth administrative supervision district. In the 35th year of the Republic of China (1946), it belonged to the seventh administrative supervision district. Ningguo County was liberated on April 23, 1949, and was subordinate to Xuancheng District in May.

In January 1952, it belonged to Huizhou special area; in February 1956, it belonged to Wuhu special area; in March 1961, it belonged to Huizhou special area; in January 1980, it belonged to Xuancheng area.

On March 11, 1997, Ningguo City was established.

administrative division

Division evolution

Since 1997, Ningguo City has jurisdiction over 11 towns and 18 townships: helixi Town, Zhongxi Town, Shikou Town, Gangkou Town, Meilin Town, Shiqiao Town, Xiaxi Town, ningdun Town, Hule Town, Shanmen Township, Jialu Town, Xianxia Town, yaogao Township, Wangxi Township, Qiaotou Township, Yangshan Township, Qinglong Township, Honglong Township, Zhufeng Township, Pingxing Township, Fancun Township, Wanjia Township, Nanji Township and Zhuangzhuang township Village Township, Dongan Township, Banqiao Township, fangtang Township, Taiping Township, YUNTI she township.

In 2000, Ningguo had jurisdiction over 13 towns and 16 townships.

At the end of 2004, Ningguo City had jurisdiction over 3 streets, 10 towns and 6 townships (including 1 ethnic township): Xijin street, Nanshan street, helixi street, Gangkou Town, Meilin Town, Zhongxi Town, ningdun Town, Xianxia Town, Wangxi Town, Jialu Town, Hule Town, Xiaxi Town, Tianhu town, YUNTI she Township, Nanji Township, Wanjia Township, Zhufeng Township, fangtang Township and Qinglong township.

Since 2013, Ningguo has governed 6 streets, 5 townships and 8 towns.

Zoning details

By 2019, Ningguo City has jurisdiction over 6 streets of helixi, Xijin, Nanshan, Wangxi, Zhufeng and Tianhu, 8 towns of Xianxia, Zhongxi, ningdun, Meilin, hule, Jialu, Gangkou and Xiaxi, and 5 townships of YUNTI, Wanjia, Nanji, fangtang and Qinglong, with a total of 102 village committees, 18 community neighborhood committees, 10 neighborhood committees and 2502 villager groups. Ningguo Municipal People's government is located in Xijin street.

geographical environment

Location context

Ningguo is located in the southeast of Anhui Province, on the northeast side of the southern Anhui mountainous area. It spans 30 ° 16 ′～ 30 ° 47 ′ n, 118 ° 36 ′～ 119 ° 24 ′ e, adjacent to Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in the East and Huangshan Mountain in the West. It is a county-level city of Nanjing metropolitan area, connecting seven counties and cities in Anhui and Zhejiang Province, and 170 ～ 300 km away from Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou. It is the throat of the southern Anhui mountainous area and the thoroughfare of North-South business and travel.

landforms

Ningguo City is located in the hilly area of Southern Anhui Province. The terrain of Ningguo City is high in the South and low in the north, with undulating mountains and rivers in the East and West. The highest point of the terrain is Longwang mountain in the southeast, with an altitude of 1587 meters. The lowest point of the terrain is Gangkou town in the north, only 40 meters above sea level. The terrain of Ningguo City is generally 300-500 meters above sea level. The elevation area above 1000 meters accounts for 0.6% of the total area of the county, the elevation area above 500 meters accounts for 14.3%, the elevation area between 200 and 500 meters accounts for 41.8%, and the elevation area below 200 meters accounts for 43.9%. Ningguo mountains are mostly distributed in the southeast and southwest, belonging to the Tianmu and Huangshan Mountains, respectively. There are 46 main peaks with an altitude of more than 500 meters. The central and northern part of Ningguo is dominated by low mountains and hills, belonging to Xuanzhou Langxi Guangde hills.

climate

Ningguo belongs to the north subtropical monsoon sub humid climate zone. It has mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and four distinct seasons. The temperature in spring warms early and is unstable. The precipitation is concentrated at the end of spring and the beginning of summer, and there are floods, summer drought, autumn cooling fast, and often autumn continuous rain. The annual average temperature in Ningguo is 15.4 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 1426.9 mm, and the frost free period is 226 days.

hydrology

There are 465 rivers in Ningguo City, with a total length of 1734.6 km and an average density of 0.7 km per square kilometer. There are 34 rivers over 10 km in Ningguo City, among which Dongjin River, Zhongjin River, Xijin River and upper reaches of Shuiyang River are the main rivers in the city. The rivers in Ningguo City belong to four water systems. Dongjin River, Zhongjin River and Xijin River respectively converge near Heli River and flow into Xuanzhou City in the north, which is Shuiyang river system, accounting for 96.8% of the city's total area. In addition, there are caicun River in Banqiao Township in the west of Ningguo, which flows into Jing City and belongs to Qingyi River system; Maotan River in YUNTI Township in the southeast flows into Tianmu River in Lin'an City, Zhejiang Province and belongs to Qiantang River system; kongfu River in Xianxia Township and Shawan River in YUNTI Township in the southeast flows into Xitiaoxi River in Anji City, Zhejiang Province and belongs to Taihu River system.

natural resources

land resource

Ningguo City has a total land area of 3.67 million mu, accounting for about 1.8% of the total land area of the province. The geomorphic types of land resources in Ningguo are as follows: 814000 mu in mountainous area, accounting for 22.2% of the total land area of the city; 2331000 mu in hilly area, accounting for 63.5% of the total land area of the city; 525000 mu in Pingfan area, accounting for 14.3% of the total land area of the city.

plant resources

The wild plant resources in Ningguo City have not been comprehensively investigated. In 1991, experts made a preliminary investigation in the limited area of Banqiao city. There are 746 species of vascular plants belonging to 136 families. According to the preliminary impression of experts and the analysis and speculation of plant habitat, there should be more than 1000 vascular plants in this area, among which there are many rare and precious species.

Pteridophytes: 58 species in 22 families, 9 species endemic to China: Pteridium phoeniformis, Dryopteris Sanguinalis, Pteridium echinocephalum, Shiwei, baoshilian, Shiwei, Meili, etc.

Gymnosperms: 13 species in 6 families, 10 species endemic to China: Torreya grandis, Torreya grandis, Taxus Formosa, Cephalotaxus fortunei, juniper, Larix kaempferi, Pinus taiwanensis, Tsuga negundo, Ginkgo biloba, Pinus massoniana, etc.

Angiosperms: 675 species in 108 families, 178 species endemic to China; among angiosperms, 30 species in 7 families are monocotyledons, 5 species endemic to China: Indocalamus latifolia, Phyllostachys pubescens, Dendrocalamus dripping, polygonatum sachalinensis, Ophiopogon graminearum, etc.; 645 species in 101 families are dicotyledons, 173 species endemic to China, such as Myzus miliaceus, Salix alba, Castanopsis eyrei, Cyclocarya paliurus, Pterocarpus tatarinowii, Eucommia ulmoides, Curcuma longifolia, sassafras , mangcao, shanmeihua, Ningbo mangshu, sanjiaolengshuihua, Lushan staircase grass, shanmutong, Anhui yuyegenchun, etc.

National protection plants: 10 species, of which 3 species belong to the second level protection, and 7 species belong to the third level protection. It belongs to provincial protection, including Cyclocarya paliurus, Taxus chinensis var. mairei and Zanthoxylum bungeanum.

Animal resources

According to the preliminary investigation conducted by experts in Banqiao in 1991, there are 215 species in 4 categories, including 4 species belonging to the national first class protected animals and 20 species belonging to the national second class protected animals; 17 species belong to the first class protected animals in Anhui Province and 45 species belong to the second class protected animals in Anhui Province.

Mammals: 6