Kong Zonghan

Kong Zonghan

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Kong Zonghan, whose name is Zhou Han, was born in Queli, Qufu. He was the second son of Confucius in the Northern Song Dynasty and the grandson of Confucius in the 46th generation.

Life of the characters

Kong Zonghan, with the name of Zhou Han, was full of spirit and filial piety. He took his father as the general and served as the supervisor. Later, he and his elder brother Kong Shunliang joined Jinshi in the fourth year of emperor Renzong's Jiayou reign in the Song Dynasty (1059). He knew Xianyuan County (now Qufu county) and served the people with kindness and good governance. In the early years of emperor zhezong of Song Dynasty, Sima guangshangzhang recommended him to move to Taichang doctor, and tongduan Lingzhou was the transit judge of Kuixia. He promoted Jingdong prison. He learned about Qian, Qi, MI, Shan, Yang, Hong, Yan and other prefectures. In the first year of Shenzong Yuanyou (1068), he was called as the Minister of agriculture and moved to hongluqing. It was said that it was not suitable for the worshipper to lead him to leave Gujun at the same time. The emperor Xu Zhi found a servant of the Ministry of punishment. In the third year of Yuanyou's reign, he learned Xuzhou by Baowen Pavilion, and died without paying homage (volume 412 of xuzizhitongjianchangbian) and volume 297 of history of Song Dynasty.

Main achievements

During the reign of emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty (1056-1063), Kong Zonghan knew Qianzhou. In view of the fact that "the city of Qianzhou is surrounded by water, especially in the northeast, it is easy to collapse", so he "cut down the stone as the site and smelt iron to block the invasion of flood, thus solving the worries of the people in the city. Later, he built stone buildings on the wall of guijiaowei City, later called "bajingtai". One day, when he stepped up the building and looked around, he saw a group of great rivers and mountains. He was not free from the excitement of creation, so he used his spare time to create a magnificent landscape painting "eight scenes of Qianzhou". In 1077, the tenth year of Xining reign of emperor Shenzong of Song Dynasty, Su Shi, the prefect of Mizhou, changed to Xuzhou, and Kong Zonghan took over the post of Mizhou. Just before Su Shi left, Kong Zonghan showed his previously painted picture of eight kingdoms of Qianzhou, and asked Su Shi to write poems according to the picture, so that he could send it back to Qianzhou and engrave it on the stone to make it last forever. When Su Shi looked at the place one by one, he saw that it was really beautiful and wonderful. It was like a fairyland in the world. He was full of laughter and admiration. The trend of thought was surging and there was a spirit in his works. So he happily wrote eight poems in parallel, which were inscribed on the picture. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), Kong Zonghan wrote and engraved the poem on the stone tower of Qianzhou, from which "eight sceneries of Qianzhou" and bajingtai became famous all over the world.

personal works

In the early Kong family, some hand copied genealogies were handed down, but the order of the genealogy was not clear. The biography of Confucius leaves, which began with Huang gongzhi of Tang Dynasty, only records one successor, and there are many omissions. Kong Zonghan sighed: "in the past 1500 years, there are many virtuous people in the clan. If you don't see them in the history books, it will be painful if you don't hear them later." He believed that other promising descendants should be included in the genealogy, so that they would not be "obliterated". He deeply felt that the genealogy of Kong used to only carry a large amount of money, but left the branches and commoners behind. Therefore, he proposed to compile the genealogy of Kong and the genealogy of Que Li for the sake of family friendship. At the same time, he also thought that the old score should be engraved in order to spread widely. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng of Song Dynasty (1085), Zonghan worked hard to accomplish a historic pioneering work: after engraving the handed down genealogy, he bound it into a book by printing. This is the first printed genealogy of Kong family in history. The clansmen passed on each other with joy, which made the genealogy spread widely in a convenient and quick way.