Buermen National Forest Park

Located in the north gate of Mengdong River scenic area, buermen is a free National Forest Park. The most distinctive of the jagged rocks here is the stone wall inside the gate, on which there are cliff carvings carved by ancient literati, but most of them were damaged during the cultural revolution. Along the riverbank of buermen, you can reach a red stone forest; more famous is buermen hot spring, which is rich in minerals with natural warm underground water and beautiful canyon scenery. It should be noted that when climbing the mountain, the road is wet and slippery, so wear antiskid sports shoes.

Hunan buermen National Forest Park

synonym

Buermen National Forest Park generally refers to Hunan buermen National Forest Park

Hunan buermen Forest Park is located on the Bank of Mengdong River, 1.5km south of Yongshun County, with a total area of 5032.03 hectares. Its geographical location is between 109 ° 47 ′ - 109 ° 55 ′ E and 28 ° 49 ′ - 29 ° 13 ′ n. It is the north gate of Mengdong River scenic spot, with a forest area of 4789.73 hectares and a forest coverage rate of 92%. Featured by stone wonders, hot springs, stone carvings and Guanyin worship, buermen Forest Park is one of the Buddhist resorts in Hunan Province. It was approved as a national forest park on August 31, 2006.

From the date of resumption of operation to December 31, 2020, the policy of free visit for Chinese medical workers (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) will be implemented, and free tickets can be obtained with doctor's card, nurse's card and ID card.

geographical environment

Location context

Hunan buermen National Forest Park is located in Yongshun County, with a total area of 5032.03 hectares, including 4789.73 hectares of forest land and 92% of forest coverage.

topographic features

The landform of Hunan buermen National Forest Park is mountainous, mountainous, hilly, hilly and inclined valley. The highest altitude is 1437.9 meters, the lowest is 162.6 meters, the difference is 1275.3 meters, and the terrain gradient is 44.6%. Due to the different ages of strata, the rock types are also different.

Climatic characteristics

Hunan buermen National Forest Park is a subtropical humid climate zone, with no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The annual average temperature is about 16 ℃, 4.8 ℃ in January and 25.3 ℃ in July. The annual average rainfall is 1365.9 mm and the annual sunshine hours is 1306.1 hours. It has the characteristics of warm winter and cool summer, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and abundant heat.

natural resources

Water resources

As of 2013, the river has steep slope, large drop, rich hydropower resources, theoretical reserves of 387200 kilowatts, development capacity of 102000 kilowatts, and public utilization of 25%.

Animal resources

The animal resources in Hunan buermen National Forest Park include clouded leopard, leopard, Sumen antelope, civet, white crane, white necked long tailed pheasant, white crowned long tailed pheasant, bean geese and other large mammals and birds.

Main attractions

Buermen cliff stone carving

Cliff stone carving, it Yigu dry cut, a path in the open, stone crack double fan, ancient cliff poetry carved almost all over, unparalleled. It is said that the No. 2 gate was originally a huge stone, which was created by the lower world of Guanyin Bodhisattva who set up the Buddha in this place and sent the heavenly craftsmen to chop the stone and chisel the road. Therefore, bu'er gate is also called "bu'er gate" in Buddhist language. Since ancient times, No.2 gate has been known as "the best in the world". Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem about Bu Er men: "there is only Bu Er men, and there is no premature life in it." From the word meaning analysis, no two door refers to equality and no difference, or a unique path and method. According to Yao he's "send no doubt to the master", it is said that "the Dharma has been practised all over the world, and there are no two ways to live", which indicates that the origin of its name may be the meaning of Buddhist "no two ways".

Heart washing pool

The Xixin pool is the first scenic spot in the scenic area. It is the only way to go to buermen. The spring comes from the stone wall and overflows through the Qingshi dragon mouth. It keeps flowing all the year round. When people used to worship in the ancient temple, they had to go through this sou wash to remove the dirt from their hearts. There is an ancient pavilion in the spring. There is a stone tablet embedded in the back wall of the pool. There is a poem inscribed by Peng Yongxing, a Gongsheng and Tujia poet in Tongzhi period: "the yellow vegetables are blooming and the willows are green. The heart washing pool outside the South Gate of the city is to persuade Lang to wash away his leisure and boredom

Guanyinyan

According to the records of Yongshun County in 1930, Guanyinyan is called Guanyinyan because of its shape. Built in 1760 and expanded in the 16th year of Jiaqing period, there are Shuifu Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion, dizang Pavilion, Yuhuang Pavilion, Zen house and guest hall.

Peiying tower

Peiying pagoda is located on the hill behind the "eight formations", with 7 floors, 8 sides and a height of 21 meters. The top is shaped with "Kuixing diandou", and the door is inlaid with "Tiankai Wenyun", which is called "Peiwei pagoda". According to the records of Yongshun County annals in 1930, the tower was built by Yang Zhenyuan, the magistrate of Yongshun during the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty.

Buermen hot spring

Buermen hot spring is about 300 meters below the Guanyin rock, commonly known as "hot man pit". Its flow rate is 0.03 cubic meters per second. Constant temperature 40 ℃, containing potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and other trace elements.

Xizhou Tujia folk custom museum

Built in 1987, Xizhou Tujia Folk Custom Museum covers an area of 1100 square meters, displaying more than 400 Tujia historical relics. There is a handshake floor in the courtyard, where Tujia children often sing and dance.

Development and construction

brand building

In May 1993, Hunan buermen National Forest Park was officially approved as a national forest park by the State Forestry Administration.

management system

Hunan buermen National Forest Park is subordinate to Yongshun County Forestry Bureau, which establishes buermen Garden Management Office to undertake the construction of the park.

Traffic and route

traffic

Bus: the whole journey is about 2.5km in Yongshun County

1. Start from the starting point to the East, drive along Fuzheng street for 10 meters, turn right ahead and enter Xizhou road

2. Drive 190 meters along Xizhou road and turn right into mengdonghe road

3. Drive 210m along mengdonghe Road, turn left and enter g209

4. Drive along g209 for 1.4km, turn left and go to Yongshun bridge

5. Drive 240 meters along Yongshun bridge, turn left ahead and enter S230

6. Drive 290m along S230 and turn right ahead

7. Drive 170 meters to buermen National Forest Park.

Self driving: the whole journey is about 2.5km in Yongshun County

1. Start from the starting point to the East, drive along Fuzheng street for 10 meters, turn right ahead and enter Xizhou road

2. Drive 190 meters along Xizhou road and turn right into mengdonghe road

3. Drive 210m along mengdonghe Road, turn left and enter g209

4. Drive along g209 for 1.4km, turn left and go to Yongshun bridge

5. Drive 240 meters along Yongshun bridge, turn left ahead and enter S230

6. Drive 290m along S230 and turn right ahead

7. Drive 170 meters to buermen National Forest Park.

Route

Entrance: buermen, cliff stone carving, xixinchi, qingshiwanjuan (on the west side of Mengdong River on the opposite bank of buermen, there is a cliff with a height of 10 meters), Xianren cave, Guanyinyan, Guanyinsi, bazhengtu, green sea path, peiyingta and hot spring.

History and Humanities

faith

Tujia people believe in their ancestors, and the shrine in each hall is the shrine for their ancestors. During the Spring Festival, we all respect our ancestors. In the first month and the seventh month, from the first day to the fifteenth day of the lunar new year, we must burn incense to honor our ancestors sooner or later. The rest only burn incense to honor their ancestors on the first and the fifteenth day of junior high school. Some people use chopsticks to order food with each meal, insert it on the rice bowl, recite it, and then take action. Drinking is also dipping the head of chopsticks in the wine and then drinking. All these are the sincerity of our ancestors. In addition to worshiping their ancestors, there are also some common gods: eight great gods, Luo Gong, Luo mu, Duke Peng, Xiang Laoguan, Tian Haohan, kedongmao and luligaba.

folk culture

The coast of Mengdong River is the place where Tujia people work, live and multiply for generations. With its national language, it has created its own history and culture, formed unique cultural relics and lifestyle, folklore, local customs, religious rituals, celebration programs, wedding forms, costumes, drama, song and dance and other folk customs, all of which maintain the ancient customs. The folk songs and dances represented by "Maogusi", "hand waving dance", "bench Dragon Dance", "Meishan dance", "daliuzi" and "dongdongquin" with simple content, rough performance and various forms, the folk architecture represented by Diaojiaolou, and the folk architecture represented by peach blossom embroidery, paper cutting, root carving, bamboo weaving, Tujia brocade "Xilankapu", batik and tie dyeing