Lianfeng Temple

Lianfeng temple is located in the Taoist temple of Tidu Road, Macao Special Administrative Region. It is one of the three ancient temples in Macao. In front of the temple, there is a stone statue of Lin Zexu and a memorial hall of Lin Zexu in Macao. In the temple, there is also the only Temple School in Macao, Puji Lianfeng school.

Lianfeng Temple

Lianfeng Temple (also known as Lianfeng Temple) is a Taoist temple located in Tidu Road, Macao Special Administrative Region. It is one of the three ancient temples in Macao. In front of the temple, a stone statue of Lin Zexu and a memorial hall of Lin Zexu in Macao are built. There is also the only Temple School in Macao, Puji Lianfeng school. Lianfeng temple was first built in Ming Dynasty. It was called Tianfei temple in ancient times. It was mainly dedicated to empress dowager. One of the Zen temples in Macao, together with mage temple and Puji temple, is known as the three Zen temples in Macao. Lianfeng temple, formerly known as Tianfei temple, is also known as Guanshan temple and Cihu palace. Later, it was named after the pillow of Lianfeng mountain. It was built in 1592 and has a history of more than 400 years. It has been built many times since the Qing Dynasty, and it was rebuilt in 1876 to form its present scale.

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Historical evolution

Lianfeng temple was first built in 1592, also known as Tianfei temple and Cihu palace.

Some monks are famous for eliminating disasters and diseases. Later, the believers donated gold, silver, cloth and silk to build the temple.

In the first year of Yongzheng (1723) of the Qing Dynasty, it was expanded and renamed Cihu palace; in the reign of Qianlong, it was rebuilt and named Lianfeng new temple;

Qianlong 17 years (1752) rebuilt again, after the reconstruction of the "Cihu Palace" look new, when people call it "new temple".

After being rebuilt in 1876, it became what it is today.

In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1801), when it was rebuilt for the third time, it was more reasonable to change "new temple" into "Lianfeng Temple".

On September 3, 1839, Lin Zexu, Minister of the imperial envoy of the Qing Dynasty, who presided over the campaign of banning smoking in Guangdong, and Deng Tingzhen, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, met with the director of the Council of Australia and Portugal at Lianfeng temple to "declare Enwei and ban" opium.

150 years later, a statue of Lin Zexu was erected in front of the temple.

In 1997, with the support of all walks of life in Macao, it raised more than 4 million Macao dollars to build the Lin Zexu Memorial.

The fourth renovation in 1875 did not change the pattern. Only Zen houses, pavilions, pavilions and stone railings were added.

In 1920, Lianfeng Temple founded "Lianfeng Yixue".

Lin Zexu stands in front of the ancient temple of Lianfeng in 1989.

Name source

In the name of the temple, it was called Tianfei temple in ancient times. Because Guanyin and Guandi were worshipped in the temple, but the name of the temple was only "Tianfei", which was very inappropriate in the eyes of scholars.

It was not until the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty that Xu nailai, the magistrate of Xiangshan County, wrote "Lianfeng Temple" in calligraphy according to the precedent of Huashan temple in Xiyue. From then on, Tianfei temple was changed into Lianfeng temple.

When the temple was overhauled in the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, the three characters were made into plaques and hung on the door of the temple.

The offering pattern of Lianfeng temple has been maintained up to now, which has become a major feature different from other temples.

Worship gods

Lord God: Queen of heaven, Guanyin

Other gods: Guandi, Tianhou, Shennong, Yiling, Jinhua, Doumu, cangju, Guanyin

The whole temple is connected with three rooms, two in front and two in back. In front of the hall, there is a Square Pavilion, which was used as a garrison for officials to handle cases; in the second hall, Guanyin is worshipped. The first two side halls are dedicated to the gods of Guan Di, Yiling Da Di, Shennong and Jinhua Niang. Since the Qing Dynasty, it has been rebuilt and expanded many times before it became the scale of today.

historical value

Lianfeng temple is jointly built by the Chinese government and local businessmen. It can not only serve as a folk sacrifice, but also as a residence for Chinese officials on official business in Australia. On September 2, 1836, after Lin Zexu, the imperial envoy, was informed that a large amount of opium had entered the mainland from Macao, he and Deng Tingzhen, the governor, visited Macao in person.

After arriving in Macao, he met Portuguese and Australian officials in the ancient temple of Lianfeng, declared the ban, and went deep into Macao to collect opium and expel opium dealers. Therefore, there is a statue of Lin Zexu and its memorial hall outside the Lianfeng temple.

What it left behind is not only historical sites, but also perhaps the glorious weather for the Chinese people to safeguard national sovereignty and justice!

There is a stone lotus pond in the temple. When the lotus blooms in summer, the lotus leaves fill the pond, and the fragrance is far and clear

There are murals of dragon and giant carp, with peculiar shapes.

In front of the Tianfei hall, there is a pavilion type pedestal with a huge heart-shaped horizontal plaque hanging on it, which makes the ginseng unable to understand the Zen.

In fact, this is the temporary court where local officials went to Australia to try cases in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and this heart-shaped plaque is always vigilant: to be an official, you must have a conscience in everything.

Stepping into the temple gate, you can see that the imperial concubine sits dignified and dignified; then there is the Guanyin hall, where the merciful Guanyin Bodhisattva is worshipped; on the left is the Guandi hall, where Guan Yu, a famous general of Shu in the Three Kingdoms period, is worshipped, with Guan Ping and Zhou Cang; on the right is the Renshou hall, where the ancestor of Shennong is worshipped; on the back of the Guanyin hall is the Wenchang hall, where the emperor of Wenchang is worshipped, and on the back of the Wenchang hall are the empress Jinhua and the mother pox Mother, they are the protectors of mothers and babies.

Although the statues in Lianfeng temple have few characteristics compared with those in many temples in the north and south of the motherland, it is very special that there are idols worshipped by people such as Guanyin, Guandi and Tianhou in a temple. Buddha, God and people coexist peacefully, and their believers are at peace.

This natural phenomenon of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism not only puzzles tourists, but also broadens their horizons.

This peculiar phenomenon, which may only exist in Macao, is indeed the best example of the integration of Chinese and Western cultures in Macao, which is located in a special geographical location and has a special historical opportunity.

Lin Zexu memorial hall was built in Lianfeng temple in November 1997 to praise Lin Zexu's noble character of fearing power and fighting drugs bravely.

The museum contains pictures of Humen's destructed opium and Macao's past style, and the communication data between Lin Zexu and the court.

In addition, there are various models of ships: Chinese warships of the Qing Dynasty, Portuguese ships and ships storing opium.

In the center of the memorial hall, a life size model is placed, which reproduces Lin Zexu's meeting with foreign officials at that time. Finally, the audience will see opium smoking equipment to remind people not to forget the harm of drugs.

Next to the Lianfeng temple, there is a stone engraved with the Portuguese shield emblem yapo, with the words "1848" on it, which was set when the Portuguese occupied the gate and opened the road.

According to his custom, every "discovery" of a piece of land must be supported by the Portuguese shield on the stone.

Temple activities

Economic and trade activities

In the past, Lianfeng temple was located between guanzha and "Macao city". It was a necessary place for business travel by land. Therefore, it was a meeting place for Chinese businessmen and a residence for officials in Ming and Qing Dynasties. As early as the 17th and 18th centuries, Macao was the distribution center of Chinese and Western trade. After the rise of opium trade, illegal businessmen used it as the distribution center of opium.

Commemorative activities

Its modernity is that it holds commemorative activities of "Lin Zexu's inspection of Macao" in successive years to persuade people to "cherish life and stay away from drugs"; on the 20th of the twelfth lunar month in successive years, it holds activities of "lotus peak, Fumi and warm families" to help the elderly in need of care; it insists on running a good diagnosis and treatment center to provide health services for the public, etc.

Internal layout

Lianfeng temple is composed of three temples with two inner halls, which are dedicated to many gods. The square in front of the gate is broad and surrounded by stone railings. The building is magnificent and the temple looks solemn. There is a couplet at the gate of the temple, which reads "Lotus covers the sea of mirrors; peaks and sceneries connect with each other". The first entrance is the hall of empress dowager, which is dedicated to the goddess of Empress Dowager. Around the hall of Empress Dowager are the hall of Guandi and the hall of king of medicine. The second entrance is Guanyin hall, dedicated to master Guanyin. Guanyin hall is followed by luzu hall and Jinhua Niangniang hall. The back of the temple is a small garden with pavilions and plants.

There is a pavilion in front of the hall of empress dowager, which is a place for officials of the Qing Dynasty to visit Macao and try cases. Now there is a stone statue of Lin Zexu in front of the temple, and a memorial hall of Lin Zexu has been built. A plaque of "en Guang Hao Da" is hung in the hall of heaven after heaven to commemorate his glorious history of regaining national prestige in Macao.

The rebuilt Lianfeng temple is not what it used to be. In those years, when the inscription stele of Lianfeng temple was rebuilt, we knew that its momentum was impressive: "when we visited the temple, Tianhou hall was in the front, Guanyin hall in the middle, houwenchang Pavilion, zuoguandi hall, yourenshou hall, magnificent and deep, magnificent and solid, magnificent and unique, twice as much as before..."

tourist guide

Address: east end of Tidu Road, Macao

Transportation: 1, 1a, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8a, 9a, 16, 23, 25, 26, 26a, 28bx, 32, 33, 34

Per capita consumption: adult: mop 5 / children under 8 or elders over 65: mop 3 / tourists: mop 10

Opening hours: Lianfeng temple 6:30-18:00 / Lin Zexu Memorial Hall 9:00-17:00 (closed on Monday)

Address: east end of Duda Road, Macao Peninsula

Longitude: 113.548