Zhang Yuan

Zhang Yuan

Zhangyuan is a luxury house built by Zhang Biao in 1915 under the control of the two lakes in the Qing Dynasty. In the winter of 1924, at the invitation of general Feng Yuxiang, Sun Yat Sen and his wife, Soong Ching Ling, went north to discuss the issue of China's reunification and construction.

Historical evolution

On February 24, 1925, Emperor Puyi fled from Beijing to Tianjin, where he also lived in Zhangyuan. In order to serve Puyi, Zhang Biao specially made the European style furniture of Wheeler company in England and decorated the western style architecture in the house, which made Puyi Marvel when he just came out of the palace. Puyi put up a plaque of "Qing palace office in Tianjin" outside the gate of Zhangyuan, which made a great contribution to the restoration of the old, the young and the various social forces. After Zhang Biao died, Puyi moved out of Zhangyuan. At present, only half of the incomplete stone tablet engraved with "emperor Xuantong of the former Qing Dynasty (Palace)" is left.

brief introduction

Master Zhang Biao

In December 1860 (the ninth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty), Zhang Biao was born in a poor peasant family in xizuofu village, Yuci County, Shanxi Province. Because of his good martial arts, he passed the martial arts examination at the age of 18. Zhang Biao was straightforward and chivalrous. In a "fight against injustice and help each other", he accidentally rescued Zhang Zhidong, who took over the post of governor in Shanxi Province. Therefore, he was highly appreciated by Zhang Zhidong. He was promoted to governor of Hubei Province by his retinue bodyguards and military officers, and became a "feudal official" of the Qing Dynasty.

Character events

Zhang Biao was a capable general of Zhang Zhidong's westernization movement. He made great achievements in running industry, developing education and training the new army. Zhang Zhidong invited the Qing government to organize and train the "new army" under the command of Zhang Biao, making him "the first man in the army in modern China". Zhang Biao was not only an old minister of the late Qing Dynasty, but also a "general Jianwei" of the Republic of China. He not only had a strong thought of "protecting the emperor", but also had a tendency of innovation and improvement, sympathizing with the revolution. During the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution, he tried his best to preserve the imperial court, but many of his new army became the backbone of the national revolutionary army. After the revolution of 1911, his subordinate Li Yuanhong asked him to be the governor of Hubei military government seven times, but they were all rejected. He retreated bravely, lived in seclusion in Jinmen, built Zhangyuan garden and set up industry.

Character

Zhang Biao's multiple characters also continue the legend of Zhang Yuan. On November 13, 1924, Sun Yat Sen and his wife Song Qingling went north. On December 4, they came to Tianjin and lived in Zhangyuan. After 27 days, they went to Beijing. At that time, many influential figures such as Wang Jingwei, Sun Ke, Zhang zuolin, Ma Qianli and Li Yuanhong came to visit Sun Yat Sen, making Zhang Yuan a "hot spot" in the politics of the Republic of China In 1924, general Feng Yuxiang launched a coup d'etat in Beijing, which drove Puyi out of the Forbidden City. On February 23, 1925, Puyi's whole family came to Tianjin together with the palace maids, eunuchs, the old and the young. Zhang Yuan became Puyi's "Palace". Puyi's choice of housing (the East Room of Pingyuan building) and the location of the new bed is no different from Sun Yat Sen's previous bedroom and bed! One is the father of the Republic of China, the other is the despairing emperor. Two historical figures with different destinies, different roads and different ways chose the same place to live in Zhangyuan. This dramatic coincidence tells the legend of Zhangyuan, which is also talked about by historical researchers. Coincidentally, Zhang Ting (Zhang Xueyi), the 12th son of Zhang Biao, was similar to Puyi in age and taste. He had "accompanied" Puyi for 20 years, from Secretary, bodyguard staff officer to senior member of the Imperial Guard. When the Soviet Red Army entered Changchun, Zhang Ting was ordered to maintain local public order. The Kuomintang took over Changchun and appointed him deputy head of the 12th regiment of the security forces. Because of his full support for the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, after the liberation of Changchun, he once served as the deputy director of the Research Office of an officer training group of the PLA and the leader of a senior prisoner of war team They are retired veteran cadres.

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